Fundamental Study for the Power Tower’s High Concentrated Photovoltaic/Thermal-Combined Thermal Receiver

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Hagfarah ◽  
Mehdi Nazarinia
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Thermal Receiver ◽  
Combined Receiver ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Piping Networks

The present study introduces fundamental aspects of a novel concentrated photovoltaics (CPV) technology. The technology is based on combining CPV/T receiver along with a solar thermal receiver. The combination is referred to as a High Concentrated Photovoltaic/Thermal - Combined receiver or HCPV/T-CT. The receiver is allocated in lieu of the conventional solar thermal receivers in the solar tower power plant schemes. The plant is designed to generate electricity and thermal energy simultaneously prior to integration with the conventional water desalination plant. The centralized generation in the CPV/T-CT receiver will remarkably simplify the complexity of the conventional solar power plants, and eliminate the piping networks’ energy losses in the CPV/T Dish tracking plants. The viability of the HCPV/T-CT power tower plant has also been investigated by; firstly, designing and simulating the plant performance using the System advisor model (SAM) software, and secondly, designing a prototype receiver and then deriving a mathematical model. The Levelised Cost Of Electricity/Energy (LCOE) was found to be 0.119 $/kWhe and 0.021 $/kWhe for electricity and energy generation, respectively, while the photovoltaic cells temperature maintained below the 90 °C.

A Review on Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Using Nanofluid in Volumetric Solar Energy Collectors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siamak Mirmasoumi ◽  
Mohammad Pourgol-Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Solar Power Plants

By a simple research in the scholarly articles, it can be realized that the tendency to using solar thermal energy has risen in the recent years due to its many reasonable advantages. In conventional solar thermal systems, HTFs (Heat Transfer Fluids) are pumped through the piping of a solar collector and after absorbing the solar radiant energy conveys it to water to make steam. No need to say that this method contains some losses via all methods of heat transfer. To solve this problem, researchers have shown that with direct steam generation, in which working fluid directly absorbs solar thermal and becomes vapor, solar power plants have the potential to be more productive. However, the aforesaid conventional HTFs don’t have efficient enough thermal properties and need to be improved. For this reason using nanofluid has become to some extent popular in heat transfer facilities like solar thermal collectors. In the present study, we are going to identify the advantages and disadvantages of using nanoparticles in direct solar absorption systems (DSASs). To achieve this, a general review on the experimental and numerical studies in this field is done. Additionally some of the most effective particles for such a special case, in which particles should have good radiative characteristics, are introduced. Finally, after discussion about the highlighted challenges of using nanofluids in DSASs, some helpful suggestions to overcome these problems will be presented.

S-Ethane Brayton Power Conversion Systems for Concentrated Solar Power Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Coco Enríquez ◽  
Javier Muñoz-Antón ◽  
José María Martínez-Val Peñalosa
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Recompression Cycle

The objective of this investigation is the comparison between supercritical ethane (s-ethane, C2H6) and supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO2) Brayton power cycles for line-focusing concentrated solar power plants (CSP). In this study, CSP are analyzed with linear solar collectors (parabolic trough (PTC) or linear Fresnel (LF)), direct molten salt (MS), or direct steam generation (DSG) as heat transfer fluids (HTF), and four supercritical Brayton power cycles configurations: simple Brayton cycle (SB), recompression cycle (RC), partial cooling with recompression cycle (PCRC), and recompression with main compression intercooling cycle (RCMCI). All Brayton power cycles were assessed with two working fluids: s-CO2 and s-ethane. As a main result, we confirmed that s-ethane Brayton power cycles provide better net plant performance than s-CO2 cycles for turbine inlet temperatures (TITs) from 300 °C to 550 °C. As an example, the s-ethane RCMCI plant configuration net efficiency is ∼42.11% for TIT = 400 °C, and with s-CO2 the plant performance is ∼40%. The CSP Brayton power plants were also compared with another state-of-the-art CSP with DSG in linear solar collectors and a subcritical water Rankine power cycle with direct reheating (DRH), and a maximum plant performance between ∼40% and 41% (TIT = 550 °C).

Reducing the Number of Turbine Starts in Concentrating Solar Power Plants Through the Integration of Thermal Energy Storage

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Guédez ◽  
James Spelling ◽  
Björn Laumert
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Solar Thermal Power ◽  
Solar Power Plants

The operation of steam turbine units in solar thermal power plants is very different than in conventional base-load plants. Due to the variability of the solar resource, much higher frequencies of plant start-ups are encountered. This study provides an insight to the influence of thermal energy storage (TES) integration on the typical cycling operation of solar thermal power plants. It is demonstrated that the integration of storage leads to significant reductions in the annual number of turbine starts and is thus beneficial to the turbine lifetime. At the same time, the effects of storage integration on the electricity costs are analyzed to ensure that the designs remain economically competitive. Large storage capacities, can allow the plant to be shifted from a daily starting regime to one where less than 20 plant starts occur annually. Additionally, the concept of equivalent operating hours (EOHs) is used to further analyze the direct impact of storage integration on the maintenance planning of the turbine units.

scholarly journals Sistem Kendali Dan Monitoring Dengan Syaraf Tiruan Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya

Petir ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Hengki Sikumbang ◽  
Abdul Haris ◽  
Muhammad Jafar Elly
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Web Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Computerized System

The problem with the condition of the Solar Power Plant is still not optimal due to position of the solar cells in generator is still static so that absorption of light is still not even though Hybrid technology is now available but cannot be optimized properly and still cannot be optimized implemented especially in small scale and remote areas. Another problem that needs attention is the continued operation of installed Solar Power Plants (SPPs), considering the installation and maintenance of the plant requires high investment costs because the installation of solar panels requires a large amount of land and costs besides requiring qualified technical personnel to handle problems and monitoring plant conditions are needed quickly and accurately. From the description of the problem, the first step is to identify the technology used in the factory, the second is the need to design a new system to be able to solve important problems in the plant and the third is to build a computerized system that uses the Hybrid Method on the plant used. is a combination of Artificial Intelligence and Data Mining Processes so that it can present accurate data so that it can help and analyze plant performance, monitor and control plants remotely quickly by using Web Control.

scholarly journals Payback calculation system of introduction network solar power plants in private households

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Costs ◽  
Calculation System

The article describes the payback calculation system of introduction a network solar power plants in private households that are locating in Ukraine. The system takes into account such parameters as beam, ground-reflected and diffuse solar radiation with atmospheric attenuation, the angle and the orientation roof, the daily average temperature of photovoltaic cells and the temperature coefficient of solar panels, when calculating the generation of a network solar power plant. The flux of solar radiation that falls on the surface of the photovoltaic cells is determined of the Hay-Davis model. When calculating the payback solar power plant takes into account such parameters as annual electricity consumption, current electricity price, feed-in tariff and annual electricity price increase. The average market price of a network solar power plant is taken at the rate of 1 dollar per 1 watt of installed capacity. Based on these parameters, the system calculates a monthly, daily average and annual generation of a network solar power plant, calculates the relative cost of a network solar power plant, calculates of electricity costs forecast over twenty years and calculates a payback period of a network solar power plant. The monthly and daily average generation of a network solar power plant, electricity costs forecast over twenty years and payback period of a network solar power plant displayed in the system in the form of corresponding graphs and diagrams. In the case if investments necessary for the construction and commissioning of a network solar power plant don’t pay off within twenty years, the system will display this information in the corresponding field.

scholarly journals Supercritical CO2 Mixtures for Advanced Brayton Power Cycles in Line-Focusing Solar Power Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Valencia-Chapi ◽  
Luis Coco-Enríquez ◽  
Javier Muñoz-Antón
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Dry Cooling

This work quantifies the impact of using sCO2-mixtures (s-CO2/He, s-CO2/Kr, s-CO2/H2S, s-CO2/CH4, s-CO2/C2H6, s-CO2/C3H8, s-CO2/C4H8, s-CO2/C4H10, s-CO2/C5H10, s-CO2/C5H12 and s-CO2/C6H6) as the working fluid in the supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton cycle coupled with line-focusing solar power plants (with parabolic trough collectors (PTC) or linear Fresnel (LF)). Design parameters assessed are the solar plant performance at the design point, heat exchange dimensions, solar field aperture area, and cost variations in relation with admixtures mole fraction. The adopted methodology for the plant performance calculation is setting a constant heat recuperator total conductance (UAtotal). The main conclusion of this work is that the power cycle thermodynamic efficiency improves by about 3–4%, on a scale comparable to increasing the turbine inlet temperature when the cycle utilizes the mentioned sCO2-mixtures as the working fluid. On one hand, the substances He, Kr, CH4, and C2H6 reduce the critical temperature to approximately 273.15 K; in this scenario, the thermal efficiency is improved from 49% to 53% with pure s-CO2. This solution is very suitable for concentrated solar power plants coupled to s-CO2 Brayton power cycles (CSP-sCO2) with night sky cooling. On the other hand, when adopting an air-cooled heat exchanger (dry-cooling) as the ultimate heat sink, the critical temperatures studied at compressor inlet are from 318.15 K to 333.15 K, for this scenario other substances (C3H8, C4H8, C4H10, C5H10, C5H12 and C6H6) were analyzed. Thermodynamic results confirmed that the Brayton cycle efficiency also increased by about 3–4%. Since the ambient temperature variation plays an important role in solar power plants with dry-cooling systems, a CIT sensitivity analysis was also conducted, which constitutes the first approach to defining the optimum working fluid mixture for a given operating condition.

scholarly journals The Effects of Regional Insolation Differences upon Advanced Solar Thermal Electric Power Plant Performance and Energy Costs

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Latta ◽  
J. M. Bowyer ◽  
T. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Electric Power Plants ◽  
Central Receiver ◽  
Thermal Electric Power Plant

This paper presents the performance and cost of four 10-MWe advanced solar thermal electric power plants situated in various regions of the continental U.S. Each region has different insolation characteristics which result in varying collector field areas, plant performance, capital costs, and energy costs. The paraboloidal dish, central receiver, cylindrical parabolic trough, and compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) comprise the advanced concepts studied. This paper contains a discussion of the regional insolation data base, a description of the solar systems’ performances and costs, and a presentation of a range for the forecast cost of conventional electricity by region and nationally over the next several decades.

Reducing the Number of Turbine Starts in Concentrating Solar Power Plants Through the Integration of Thermal Energy Storage

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Guédez ◽  
James Spelling ◽  
Björn Laumert ◽  
Torsten Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Solar Thermal Power ◽  
Solar Power Plants

The operation of steam turbine units in solar thermal power plants is very different than in conventional base-load plants. Due to the variability of the solar resource, much higher frequencies of plant start-ups are encountered. This study provides an insight to the influence of thermal energy storage integration on the typical cycling operation of solar thermal power plants. It is demonstrated that the integration of storage leads to significant reductions in the annual number of turbine starts and is thus beneficial to the turbine lifetime. At the same time, the effects of storage integration on the electricity costs are analyzed to ensure that the designs remain economically competitive. Large storage capacities, can allow the plant to be shifted from a daily starting regime to one where less than 20 plant starts occur annually. Additionally, the concept of equivalent operating hours is used to further analyze the direct impact of storage integration on the maintenance planning of the turbine units.

Computer-Based Management of Mirror-Washing in Utility-Scale Solar Thermal Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lital Alon ◽  
Gregory Ravikovich ◽  
Matan Mandelbrod ◽  
Udi Eilat ◽  
Zafrir Schop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Solar Thermal Collector ◽  
Cleaning Solution ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Utility Scale

BrightSource solar power plants consist of fields of tens of thousands of mirrors, spread across kilometers of open areas. These huge mirrors are in constant motion, reflecting the sun’s rays on to the solar thermal collector. Maintaining high reflectivity of the mirrors is essential for the solar field’s performance, a task that becomes complex when expanded to encompass the solar field’s features. The solution for mirror cleaning must be efficient, cost-effective, time-saving, and easy to maintain for dozens of years. BrightSource has designed and constructed a system of GPS-based mirror washing machines (MWMs) that are controlled and managed by end-to-end software. The system generates optimized cleaning tasks, positions the mirrors, and efficiently controls the navigation and state of the MWMs with their 25-meter-long extendable cranes. All of these actions together provide an optimal mirror cleaning solution. This article describes the BrightSource cleaning control technology, for example, in the Ivanpah project, the world’s largest solar thermal facility. The Ivanpah solar field includes 173,500 heliostats divided among three solar fields. Each heliostat holds two mirrors of approximately 2.5 × 3.5 meters, all of which require periodic cleaning. Specifically, this article addresses issues such as the following: • The mirror washing machine (MWM) types: truck and tractor-based, and their differing usage in the solar field • Designation and choice of the cleaning area • Estimation of the stopping points in the designated area, and association of the mirrors to clean from each stopping point • Cleaning time optimization: stopping point density, order in which to clean heliostats, and heliostat position during cleaning • Heliostat positioning: opening clear corridors through which the MWM can travel, and setting heliostats in cleaning orientations • Receiving and responding to callback messages from the MWMs, such as cleaning progress and machine faults • Working in the real world: resources shared with the power plant, and recovery from system faults

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