Development and Evaluation of Hybrid Oxide/Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composite Combustor Liners

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Szweda ◽  
Steve Butner ◽  
John Ruffoni ◽  
Carlos Bacalski ◽  
Jay Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Oxide Ceramic ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
The Us ◽  
Engine Testing ◽  
Combustor Liner

Oxide/Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) are an attractive class of materials for gas turbine hot section applications. The oxide fiber reinforcement and inherent matrix porosity contributes to favorable fracture toughness and thereby enhanced resistance against impact by foreign objects. Also, the oxide composition ensures superior environmental resistance against accelerated attack by corrosive species in the gas turbine hot section and resulting surface recession typically observed in silicon-based ceramic monolithic and composite materials. Under a program sponsored by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) a hybrid oxide/oxide CMC system has been developed with potential application for stationary gas turbine hot section components. COI Ceramics, Inc. has fabricated subscale and full scale combustor liners which have been evaluated in rig and engine testing at Solar, and in field testing in a Solar Centaur® 50S engine at a commercial end user site. Following the conclusion of the NIST program in June 2003 the engine field testing is being continued under a Solar-led program sponsored by the US Dept. of Energy (DOE). As of November 2004, a hybrid oxide/oxide CMC outer combustor liner has accumulated 12,582 field test hours with 63 starts and an extensive material experience base has been developed. The paper will summarize the progress to-date for this hybrid CMC combustor liner development and demonstration, including selected fabrication approach, NDE, and rig/engine test experience.

scholarly journals Exposure of Ceramics and Ceramic Matrix Composites in Simulated and Actual Combustor Environments

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karren L. More ◽  
Peter F. Tortorelli ◽  
Mattison K. Ferber ◽  
Larry R. Walker ◽  
James R. Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Recession Rates ◽  
Combustor Liner

A high-temperature, high-pressure, tube furnace has been used to evaluate the long term stability of different monolithic ceramic and ceramic matrix composite materials in a simulated combustor environment. All of the tests have been run at 150 psia, 1204°C, and 15 percent steam in incremental 500 h runs. The major advantage of this system is the high sample throughput; >20 samples can be exposed in each tube at the same time under similar exposure conditions. Microstructural evaluations of the samples were conducted after each 500 h exposure to characterize the extent of surface damage, to calculate surface recession rates, and to determine degradation mechanisms for the different materials. The validity of this exposure rig for simulating real combustor environments was established by comparing materials exposed in the test rig and combustor liner materials exposed for similar times in an actual gas turbine combustor under commercial operating conditions. [S0742-4795(00)02402-9]

Engine Test Experience and Characterization of Self Sealing Ceramic Matrix Composites for Nozzle Applications in Gas Turbine Engines

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Bouillon ◽  
Patrick C. Spriet ◽  
Georges Habarou ◽  
Thibault Arnold ◽  
Greg C. Ojard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Sic Fiber ◽  
Engine Testing

Advanced materials are targeting durability improvement in gas turbine engines. One general area of concern for durability is in the hot section components of the engine. Ceramic matrix composites offer improvements in durability at elevated temperatures with a corresponding reduction in weight for nozzles of gas turbine engines. Building on past material efforts, ceramic matrix composites using a carbon and a SiC fiber with a self-sealing matrix have been developed for gas turbine applications. Prior to ground engine testing, a reduced test matrix was undertaken to aggressively test the material in a long-term hold cycle at elevated temperatures and environments. This tensile low cycle fatigue testing was done in air and a 90% steam environment. After completion of the aggressive testing effort, six nozzle seals were fabricated and installed in an F100-PW-229 engine for accelerated mission testing. The C fiber CMC and the SiC Fiber CMC were respectively tested to 600 and 1000 hours in accelerated conditions without damage. Engine testing is continuing to gain additional time and insight with the objective of pursuing the next phase of field service evaluation. Mechanical testing and post-test characterization results of this testing will be presented. The results of the engine testing will be shown and overall conclusions drawn.

scholarly journals Exposure of Ceramics and Ceramic Matrix Composites in Simulated and Actual Combustor Environments

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karren L. More ◽  
Peter F. Tortorelli ◽  
Mattison K. Ferber ◽  
Larry R. Walker ◽  
James R. Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Recession Rates ◽  
Combustor Liner

A high-temperature, high-pressure, tube furnace has been used to evaluate the long term stability of different monolithic ceramic and ceramic matrix composite materials in a simulated combustor environment. All of the tests have been run at 150 psia, 1204°C, and 15% steam in incremental 500 h runs. The major advantage of this system is the high sample throughput; >20 samples can be exposed in each tube at the same time under similar exposure conditions. Microstructural evaluations of the samples were conducted after each 500 h exposure to characterize the extent of surface damage, to calculate surface recession rates, and to determine degradation mechanisms for the different materials. The validity of this exposure rig for simulating real combustor environments was established by comparing materials exposed in the test rig and combustor liner materials exposed for similar times in an actual gas turbine combustor under commercial operating conditions.

Current Status of Oxide Fibre-Reinforced Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites for Gas Turbine Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 434-435 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Cengiz Kaya
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Oxide Ceramic ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Recent Developments

Recent developments in the processing, understanding and mechanical/thermomechanical properties of oxide fibre reinforced oxide ceramic matrix composites for high temperature applications are reported. Two dimensional composite plates and uni-directional tubular composite (so called mini-composite) specimens are successfully manufactured and their microstructure, matrix/ fiber interface as well as mechanical properties are examined. It is shown that the microstructural variations, such as porosity size and interface between fibre and matrix determine the fracture behaviour and high temperature performance of the composites. The optimised components produced are considered to be suitable for gas turbine applications.

Development and Test of Oxide/Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites Combustor Liner Demonstrators for Aero-engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Behrendt ◽  
Stefan Hackemann ◽  
Peter Mechnich ◽  
Yuan Shi ◽  
Sandrine Hönig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Oxide Ceramic ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Failure Model ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Aero Engines ◽  
Combustor Liner

Ceramic matrix composites (CMC) offer the potential of increased service temperatures and are thus an interesting alternative to conventional combustor alloys. Tubular combustor liner demonstrators made of an oxide/oxide CMC were developed for a lean combustor in a future aero-engine in the medium thrust range and tested at engine conditions. During the design, various aspects like protective coating, thermomechanical design, and development of a failure model for the CMC as well as design and test of an attachment system were taken into account. The tests of the two liners were conducted at conditions up to 80% take-off. A new protective coating was tested successfully with a coating thickness of up to t = 1 mm. Different inspection criteria were derived in order to detect crack initiation at an early stage for a validation of the failure model. With the help of detailed pre- and post-test computer tomography (CT) scans to account for the microstructure of the CMC, the findings of the failure model were in reasonable agreement with the test results.

Characterization and Nozzle Test Experience of a Self Sealing Ceramic Matrix Composite for Gas Turbine Applications

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Bouillon ◽  
Greg C. Ojard ◽  
G. Habarou ◽  
Patrick C. Spriet ◽  
Jean L. Lecordix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Constant Thickness ◽  
Engine Testing

Advanced materials have the potential to improve gas turbine engine durability. One general area of concern for durability is in the hot section components of the engine. Ceramic matrix composites offer improvements in durability at elevated temperatures with a corresponding reduction in weight for nozzles of gas turbine engines. Building on past material efforts, a next generation SiC/SiC composite with a self-sealing matrix has been developed for gas turbine applications. An extensive baseline test characterization has been done that shows the overall material suitability. Prior to ground engine testing, a reduced test matrix was undertaken to aggressively test the material in a long-term hold cycle at elevated temperatures and environments. This tensile low cycle fatigue testing was done in air and a 90% steam environment. While the steam environment aggressively attacked the material, no appreciable debit in material life was noted. Nondestructive testing and post test characterization of this testing were performed. After completion of the aggressive testing effort, two nozzle seals of constant thickness were fabricated and installed in an F100-PW-229 engine for accelerated mission testing. The self sealing CMC seals were tested for over 250 hours in accelerated conditions without damage. The results of the engine testing will be shown and overall conclusions drawn.

scholarly journals Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composite Materials for Aero-Engine Applications: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Karadimas ◽  
Konstantinos Salonitis ◽  
Konstantinos Georgarakis
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Oxide Ceramic ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines

The development of aircraft gas turbine engines has extensively been required for the development of advanced materials. This complex development process is however justified by the system-level benefits in terms of reduced weight, higher temperature capability, and/or reduced cooling, each of which increases efficiency. This is where high-temperature ceramics have made considerable progress and ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are in the foreground. CMCs are classified into non-oxide and oxide-based ones. Both families have material types that have a high potential for use in high-temperature propulsion applications. Typical oxide-based ones are based on an oxide fiber and oxide matrix (Ox-Ox). Some of the most common oxide subcategories, are alumina, beryllia, ceria, and zirconia ceramics. Such matrix composites are used for example in combustion liners of gas turbine engines and exhaust nozzles. However, until now a thorough study on the available oxide-based CMCs for such applications has not been presented. This paper focus on assessing a literature survey of the available oxide ceramic matrix composite materials in terms of mechanical and thermal properties.

Modeling of the Transition Layer in Ceramic Matrix Composites from Coal Wastes and Clay

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
O.A. Fomina ◽  
Andrey Yu. Stolboushkin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Layer ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Matrix ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Carbonaceous Particles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Coal Wastes

A model of the transition layer between the shell and the core of a ceramic matrix composite from coal waste and clay has been developed. The chemical, granulometric and mineral compositions of the beneficiation of carbonaceous mudstones and clay were studied. The technological and ceramic properties of raw materials for the samples manufacturing were determined. The method of manufacturing multilayer ceramic samples from coal waste, clay and their mixture is given. The number of transition layers in the contact zone between the clay shell and the core from coal wastes is determined. The deformation and swelling phenomena of model samples from coal wastes, clay, and their mixtures were revealed at the firing temperature of more than 1000 °C. The formation of a reducing ambient in the center of the sample with insufficient air flow is shown. The influence of the carbonaceous particles amount and the ferrous form iron oxide in the coal wastes on the processes of expansion of multilayer samples during firing has been established.

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