Observations on Flame Stretching in a Room Model With Natural Vent

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Chow ◽  
C. K. Law
Keyword(s):  
Short Note ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Small Model ◽  
Ceiling Vent ◽  
Room Model

Flame stretching in a room with a ceiling vent will be discussed in this short note. A small model was constructed with a pool fire placed inside. Another pool fire of the same size and amount of fuel was burnt outside the model. The flame lengths of the two fires were measured and compared. It is observed that the flame length of the pool fire inside the model was higher than that outside. The value was even double at the later stage of the fire.

Flame Stretching in a Room Model With Natural Vent

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Chow ◽  
S. S. Han ◽  
Y. Gao ◽  
H. Dong ◽  
Y. Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Note ◽  
Flame Length ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Ceiling Vent ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Room Model ◽  
Real Scale ◽  
Pool Sizes

Flame stretching in a room with a ceiling vent will be discussed in this short note. A real-scale model was constructed with a gasoline pool fire placed inside. Another pool fire of the same size and amount of fuel was burnt outside the model. Different pool sizes of diameters 0.07 m, 0.08 m, 0.11 m, 0.16 m and 0.2 m were set up. Volume of gasoline varied from 30 ml to 500 ml to give different burning durations. The flame lengths of the two fires were measured and compared. It is observed that the flame length of the pool fire inside the room was over 20% higher than that outside at the later stage of the fire.

Scale Modeling Studies on Flame Stretching and Swirling in a Room With Natural Vents

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Chow ◽  
S. S. Han
Keyword(s):  
Side Wall ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Pool Fire ◽  
Flame Height ◽  
Pool Fires ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Modeling Studies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Room Model

Flame stretching and swirling in a room fire with natural vents will be studied with scale models in this paper. Experiments were carried out in two models of same size 18 cm by 15 cm by 15 cm with or without a movable wall. A total of 16 tests were carried out with different ceiling vent sizes and ventilation arrangement. Different propanol pool fires of diameters 0.11 m to 0.2 m were set up. Volume of propanol varied from 30 ml to 500 ml to give different burning durations. Two pool fires of same volume of fuel and diameter were used in each test, one put in the model and the other burnt outside. The flame lengths of the two fires inside and outside the room model were measured and compared. Two fire regimes under limited ventilation were observed in this scale modeling studies. Firstly, the pool fire inside the model burnt for a longer time with a taller flame when there is no ventilation provided to the model. At the later stage of the fire, the flame height inside the model stretched by over 20% taller than that for the pool fire outside the model. This fire scenario of having tall flame for a long time is very hazardous and should be considered in designing natural vents. Secondly, providing ventilation at the side wall of the model might induce swirling motion inside. Air will be supplied into the model to burn the pool fire faster with short duration. The flame swirled up to a tall height fast but not stretching up slowly as in the case with limited ventilation. The additional air intake flow can be taken as air pumping action.

scholarly journals Combustion phenomena of pool fire in a ceiling vent compartment: the vent right above the fire source

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Jin-mei Li ◽  
Jia-qing Zhang ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Bo-si Zhang ◽  
Yang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Pool Fire ◽  
Fire Source ◽  
Ceiling Vent

scholarly journals Combustion phenomena of pool fire in a ceiling vent compartment: the vent far away from the fire source

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 388-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Jia-qing Zhang ◽  
Jin-mei Li ◽  
Bo-si Zhang ◽  
Yang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Pool Fire ◽  
Fire Source ◽  
Ceiling Vent

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Early Settlement ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Initial Research

The chapters in this collection explore the everyday lives, experiences, practices and attitudes of Muslims in Scotland. In order to set the context for these chapters, in this introduction I explore the early settlement of Muslims in Scotland and discuss some of the initial research projects that charted the settlement of Asians and Pakistanis in Scotland’s main cities. I then discuss the current situation for Muslims in Scotland through data from the 2011 Scottish Census. Following a short note about the significance of the Scottish context, in the final section, the main themes and issues that have been explored in research about Muslims in Scotland.

Short Note: A Record of Twin Fetuses in a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Stranded on the Dutch Coast

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonneke L. IJsseldijk ◽  
Andrea Gröne ◽  
Sjoukje Hiemstra ◽  
Jeroen Hoekendijk ◽  
Lineke Begeman
Keyword(s):  
Short Note ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
Harbor Porpoise ◽  
Dutch Coast

Short Note: Predation of Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) by Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) in Wales

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Stringell ◽  
Dave Hill ◽  
Dafydd Rees ◽  
Ffion Rees ◽  
Padrig Rees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Note ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena
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