Development of a Common Rail Diesel Engine Combustion Model for ROHR Real-Time Estimation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ponti ◽  
Vittorio Ravaglioli ◽  
Matteo De Cesare
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Combustion Control ◽  
Injection Parameters ◽  
Real Time Estimation

Combustion control is a crucial aspect in modern Diesel engines control strategies, mainly due to the requests to increase efficiency and maintain pollutant emissions within the values bounded by standard regulations. In order to perform an accurate combustion control, modern “closed loop” control algorithms require the evaluation of a large number of quantities that provide information about combustion process effectiveness. This work presents a methodology that allows real-time estimation of energy released, during the combustion process, in a Common Rail Multi-Jet Diesel engine. This procedure can be divided in two main steps. The first step consists in the development of a zero-dimensional combustion model based on the linear combination of a proper number of Wiebe functions. In this case, a zero-dimensional approach has been chosen, because it is accurate enough for this analysis and requires low computational efforts. Once the combustion model has been developed, it can be used to determine Rate of Heat Release (RoHR) and the angular position in which 50% of fuel burned within an engine cycle is reached (MFB50). The second section of this work describes the relationships existing between injection parameters (such as Start of Injection, injected fuel quantities, rail pressure...) and the Wiebe parameters identified in the first step of the procedure. The above mentioned relationships have been used to set up correlations that allow estimating Wiebe parameters, therefore ROHR and MFB50, starting from injection parameters. The results obtained in MFB50 estimation are particularly emphasized, because real-time knowledge of this quantity is necessary to feedback a control algorithm for optimal combustion positioning. This work is based on several experimental tests performed on a 2.2 liters Common Rail Multi-Jet Diesel engine. First, experimental tests have been carried out to identify the combustion model and the correlations existing between Wiebe parameters and injection parameters. Then, in order to determine the accuracy of the approach, the complete estimation methodology has been applied to the engine under study. This work describes a methodology for real-time estimation of several quantities that provide important information about combustion process effectiveness (useful, for example, in modern low temperature combustion control systems). No extra cost is needed, because the methodology requires no additional sensor.

scholarly journals A PLL-Based Online Estimation of Induction Motor Consumption Without Electrical Measurement

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Doget ◽  
Erik Etien ◽  
Laurent Rambault ◽  
Sébastien Cauet
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Electrical Measurement ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Electrical Consumption

This work is supported by a company wishing to develop new products in the field of energy monitoring in industry. It concerns the real-time estimation of the electrical consumption of an asynchronous motor without electrical measurement. The challenge consists of estimating the characteristic quantities of the motor (speed, torque, powers, efficiency) with only one vibratory measurement, information on the nameplate and commercial documentation available online. To obtain a real-time estimate, traditional FFT analysis is replaced by a PLL initially designed for power grid analysis. So, the second challenge is to modify this PLL for use with vibratory measurement characterized by a low signal-to-noise ratio, amplitude variations and a non-stationary behavior. A complete design and experimental tests are presented to validate the proposed approach.

Combustion Development Investigation in a Common Rail Multi-Jet Diesel Engine With Up to 4 Injections per Engine Cycle

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ponti ◽  
Gabriele Serra ◽  
Carlo Siviero
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Injection Parameters ◽  
Start Of Injection ◽  
Engine Cycle

Newly developed technologies for modern diesel engines allow designing injection patterns with many degrees of freedom. Multi-jet engines, for example, can perform up to 5 injections within the same engine cycle: Position and duration of each injection, together with rail pressure and EGR rate can be chosen in order to properly design the desired in-cylinder combustion process. This means that during the injection system setup process all the free parameters have to be set to the desired value. If all the injection parameters variations have to be investigated in order to properly set their values, a huge amount of experimental tests should be needed. From this point of view, in order to reduce the need for test bench experimental work, the development of a combustion model can be very useful, to help determining the best injection configuration, and therefore the desired combustion into the cylinder. Single zone combustion models seem to be suitable for this task, thanks to the quick response they can give, and the possibility of using them for control purposes. In the paper a model developed for injection patterns with up to 4 injections is used in order to describe the combustion behavior as a function of the injection parameters. A properly designed set of tests has been performed in order to identify the combustion model. The obtained results give information on the way the combustion parameters, for example the combustion delays (i.e. the time delays between each Start Of Injection SOI, and the corresponding Start Of Combustion SOC), or the amount of fuel burnt for each injection are modified as the combustion process proceeds into the cylinder or as the injection parameters change. The information obtained can be in the following used in order to design the desired injection pattern, using the identified model as a virtual experimental tests generator.

Real-Time Estimation of Intake O2 Concentration in Turbocharged Common-Rail Diesel Engines

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Arsie ◽  
Andrea Cricchio ◽  
Cesare Pianese ◽  
Matteo De Cesare
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
O2 Concentration ◽  
Real Time Estimation

Real-Time Processing of Engine Acoustic Emission for Diesel Injectors Diagnostic and Recentering

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ponti ◽  
Vittorio Ravaglioli ◽  
Matteo De Cesare
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Injection Parameters

Diesel engine control strategies use complex injection patterns which are designed to meet the increasing request for engine-out emissions and fuel consumption reduction. As a result of the large number of tuneable injection parameters in modern injection systems (such as start and duration of each injection), injection patterns can be designed with many degrees-of-freedom. Each variation of the injection parameters modifies the whole combustion process and, consequently, engine-out emissions. Aging of the injection system usually affects injection location within the cycle as well as the amount of injected fuel (compared to the target value), especially for small pre-injections. Since diesel combustion is very sensitive to injection pattern variations, aging of injectors strongly affects engine behavior, in terms of both efficiency and pollutant emissions production. Moreover, such variations greatly affect other quantities related to the effectiveness of the combustion process, such as noise radiated by the engine. This work analyses the effects of pre-injection variations on combustion, pollutant emissions, and noise radiated by the engine. In particular, several experimental tests were run on a 1.3 L common rail diesel engine varying the amount of fuel injected in pre-injections. Torque delivered by the engine and center of combustion (MFB50) were kept constant using a specifically designed closed-loop combustion controller. During the tests, noise radiated by the engine was measured by properly processing the signal coming from a microphone faced to the engine block. The investigation of the correlation between the combustion process and engine noise can be used to setup a closed-loop algorithm for detecting and recentering injectors' drifts over time.

Real-Time Processing of Engine Acoustic Emission for Diesel Injectors Diagnostic and Recentering

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ponti ◽  
V. Ravaglioli ◽  
M. De Cesare
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Injection Parameters

Diesel engine control strategies use complex injection patterns which are designed to meet the increasing request for engine-out emissions and fuel consumption reduction. As a result of the large number of tuneable injection parameters in modern injection systems (such as start and duration of each injection), injection patterns can be designed with many degrees of freedom. Each variation of the injection parameters modifies the whole combustion process and, consequently, engine-out emissions. Aging of the injection system usually affects injection location within the cycle as well as the amount of injected fuel (compared to the target value), especially for small pre-injections. Since Diesel combustion is very sensitive to injection pattern variations, aging of injectors strongly affects engine behavior, both in terms of efficiency and pollutant emissions production. Moreover, such variations greatly affect other quantities related to the effectiveness of the combustion process, such as noise radiated by the engine. This work analyses the effects of pre-injection variations on combustion, pollutant emissions and noise radiated by the engine. In particular, several experimental tests were run on a 1.3L Common Rail Diesel engine varying the amount of fuel injected in pre-injections. Torque delivered by the engine and center of combustion (MFB50) were kept constant using a specifically designed closed-loop combustion controller. During the tests, noise radiated by the engine was measured by properly processing the signal coming from a microphone faced to the engine block. The investigation of the correlation between the combustion process and engine noise can be used to set up a closed-loop algorithm for detecting and recentering injectors’ drifts over time.

Real-Time Estimation of Elemental Carbon Emitted from a Diesel Engine

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (16) ◽  
pp. 5783-5788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Miller ◽  
Matthew C. Habjan ◽  
Kihong Park
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Real Time Estimation

Digital Twin of a Maneuvering Ship: Real-Time Estimation of Derivatives and Resistance Coefficient Based on Motion Sensor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto A. Uehara Sasaki ◽  
André S. Sandes Ianagui ◽  
Pedro Cardozo de Mello ◽  
Eduardo Aoun Tannuri
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Ship Maneuvering ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Hydrodynamics Coefficients

Abstract Retrieving certain hydrodynamics coefficients from a marine craft during a maneuver can be useful for various reasons, such as the validation of project specifications or the rapid verification of structural changes that could impact the vessel movement. Intended to estimate some of these parameters, the present work proposes a method purely based on traditional Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) focused for limited drift angles. Albeit not posing as a replacement to conventional estimations, such as from Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD) — which solve equations in order of millions — and experimental tests — with its time-consuming preparation setups and post-analyses — the method can possibly present itself as a convenient and quicky technique to estimate the hydrodynamics coefficients in real time, as each iteration resorts only into a few dozen of equations. Preliminary results in the simulated environment called pyDyna — a python version of the Numerical Offshore Tank ship maneuvering simulator — indicate this procedure is faster along with an acceptable margin of accuracy, possibly pointing as a feature for future digital twin applications.

Combustion Noise Real-Time Evaluation and Processing for Combustion Control

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ponti ◽  
Vittorio Ravaglioli ◽  
Davide Moro ◽  
Matteo De Cesare
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Noise ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Combustion Control ◽  
Engine Noise ◽  
Injection Parameters

Newly developed Diesel engine control strategies are mainly aimed at pollutant emissions reduction, due to the increasing request for engine-out emissions and fuel consumption reduction. In order to reduce engine-out emissions, the development of closed-loop combustion control algorithms has become crucial. Modern closed-loop combustion control strategies are characterized by two main aspects: the use of high EGR rates (the goal being to obtain highly premixed combustions) and the control of the center of combustion. In order to achieve the target center of combustion, conventional combustion control algorithms correct the measured value by varying Main injection timing. It is possible to obtain a further reduction in pollutant emissions through a proper variation of the injection parameters. Modern Diesel engine injection systems allow designing injection patterns with many degrees of freedom, due to the large number of tuneable injection parameters (such as start and duration of each injection). Each injection parameter’s variation causes variations in the whole combustion process and, consequently, in pollutant emissions production. Injection parameters variations have a strong influence on other quantities that are related to combustion process effectiveness, such as noise radiated by the engine. This work presents a methodology that allows real-time evaluating combustion noise on-board a vehicle. The radiated noise can be evaluated through a proper in-cylinder pressure signal processing. Even though in-cylinder pressure sensor on-board installation is still uncommon, it is believed that in-cylinder pressure measurements will be regularly available on-board thanks to the newly developed piezo-resistive sensors. In order to set-up the methodology, several experimental tests have been performed on a 1.3 liter Diesel engine mounted in a test cell. The engine was run, in each operating condition, both activating and deactivating pre-injections, since pre-injections omission usually produces a decrease in pollutant emissions production (especially in particulate matter) and a simultaneous increase in engine noise. The investigation of the correlation between combustion process and engine noise can be used to set up a closed-loop algorithm for optimal combustion control based on engine noise prediction.

A Phenomenological Combustion Model for Common Rail Multi-Jet Diesel Engine

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ponti ◽  
Gabriele Serra ◽  
Carlo Siviero
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Number Of Injections ◽  
Engine Cycle ◽  
The Way

The simplest way to describe the combustion process into the cylinder of an internal combustion engine and the associated heat release is to estimate at each crankshaft angular position the mass fraction of fuel burned using a proper function. There is a number of functions recorded in the literature that have been used for this purpose, the most relevant being likely the so-called Wiebe function. These functions have been developed both for spark ignition and diesel engines. The development of modern Common Rail injection systems makes the application of this kind of methodology particularly challenging. The trend seems to indicate, in fact, that in the near future Diesel engine injection systems will perform up to five injections per engine cycle. Therefore the way energy is released into the cylinder could become very complex to be described and the simple approaches developed up to now could be not sufficient anymore. This paper deals with the development of a single zone combustion model able to correctly describe the heat release rate for a common rail multi-jet diesel engine employing up to 4 injections per engine cycle. The model has been developed step-by-step from the simplest case of a single injection to the more complex one with 4 injections. It has been identified and validated using experimental data obtained employing from 1 to 4 different injections. Premixed and diffusive combustions have been taken into account, both modelled as “Wiebe functions”. Particular identification problems (such as modelling error with multiple injection or identification robustness procedure) are approached on the basis of real data. The main result is that increasing the number of injections actuated (and then the combustion phases) predictive properties of the model are still acceptable, and identification procedure is robust if initial values of unknown parameters are properly set. The obtained results allowed observing for example the way the combustion delays (i.e the time delays between each Start of Injection and the corresponding Start of Combustion) are modified as the number of injections increases, as well as other important combustion characteristics.

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