Analysis and Modeling of Plain Open Ends and Bends Inside the Piping Systems of Internal Combustion Engines

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chalet ◽  
Pascal Chesse ◽  
Jean-Franc¸ois Hetet ◽  
Bahadir Inozu ◽  
Philippe Roy
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Bend Angle ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Dynamics Equations ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Exhaust Systems

Controlling the pressure wave propagation inside the inlet and exhaust systems of internal combustion engines is essential for the optimization of the cylinder filling and emptying as well as the combustion process. In this objective, the authors have been developing a new one-dimensional simulation code for several years. This paper presents an investigation of plain open end boundary conditions and bend elements. First, the pressure waves at the pipe inlet are analyzed with the Fluent CFD code. It appears that the losses can be modeled with the use of a coefficient that depends on the Mach number as well as the ratio between the pipe diameter and thickness. Then, the paper focuses on the modeling of bends. The losses in this type of elements can be modeled by the addition of a friction factor in the gas dynamics equations. This factor depends on the bend angle and the ratio between the tube radius of curvature and diameter. Finally, an experimental study aimed at evaluating the accuracy of the 1D simulation code is presented. The code enhancements significantly improve flow calculations and allow for the optimization of the inlet and exhaust systems of internal combustion engines.

scholarly journals Hydrogen application in internal combustion engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Asoyan ◽  
Igor K. Danilov ◽  
Igor A. Asoyan ◽  
Georgy M. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Petroleum Origin ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

A technical solution has been proposed to reduce the consumption of basic hydrocarbon fuel, to improve the technical, economic and environmental performance of internal combustion engines by affecting the combustion process of the fuel-air mixture with a minimum effective mass fraction of hydrogen additive in the fuel-air mixture. The burning rate of hydrogen-air mixtures is an order of magnitude greater than the burning rate of similar mixtures based on gasoline or diesel fuel, compared with the former, they are favorably distinguished by their greater detonation stability. With minimal additions of hydrogen to the fuel-air charge, its combustion time is significantly reduced, since hydrogen, having previously mixed with a portion of the air entering the cylinder and burning itself, effectively ignites the mixture in its entirety. Issues related to the accumulation of hydrogen on board the car, its storage, explosion safety, etc., significantly inhibit the development of mass production of cars using hydrogen fuel. The described technical solution allows the generation of hydrogen on board the car and without accumulation to use it as an additive to the main fuel in internal combustion engines. The technical result is to reduce the consumption of hydrocarbon fuels (of petroleum origin) and increase the environmental friendliness of the car due to the reduction of the emission of harmful substances in exhaust gases.

scholarly journals Assessment of thermodynamic cycle of internal combustion engine in terms of rightsizing

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Zbigniew SROKA ◽  
Maciej DWORACZYŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Swept Volume

The modification of the downsizing trend of internal combustion engines towards rightsizing is a new challenge for constructors. The change in the displacement volume of internal combustion engines accompanying the rightsizing idea may in fact mean a reduction or increase of the defining swept volume change factors and thus may affect the change in the operating characteristics as a result of changes in combustion process parameters - a research problem described in this publication. Incidents of changes in the displacement volume were considered along with the change of the compression space and at the change of the geometric degree of compression. The new form of the mathematical dependence describing the efficiency of the thermodynamic cycle makes it possible to evaluate the opera-tion indicators of the internal combustion engine along with the implementation of the rightsizing idea. The work demonstrated the in-variance of cycle efficiency with different forms of rightsizing.

scholarly journals Analysis of thermodynamic parameters in spark ignition VCR engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Patryk Urbański ◽  
Maciej Bajerlein ◽  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Andrzej Ziółkowski ◽  
Dawid Gallas
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Processes

3D models of Szymkowiak and conventional engines were created in the Solidworks program. During the motion analysis, the characteristics of the piston path were analyzed for the two considered engine units. The imported file with the generated piston routes was used in the AVL Fire program, which simulated combustion processes in the two engines with identical initial conditions. The configurations for two different compression ratios were taken into account. The basic thermodynamic parameters occurring during the combustion process in internal combustion engines were analyzed.

An experimental investigation of exhaust waste heat recycling by thermoelectric generators under different thermal conditions for internal combustion engines

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (12) ◽  
pp. 1648-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Akif Kunt
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Waste Heat ◽  
Exhaust Systems

Almost 70% of heat power produced by pistons in internal combustion engines is lost due to exhaust and cooling. In the course of the heating process, 25% of useful energy transfers to the exit shaft. There have been a lot of studies on recycling waste heat of internal combustion engines, especially on cooling and exhaust systems. A thermoelectric generator is an important way to recycle waste energy in exhaust systems of internal combustion engines. In this study, an air-cooled thermoelectric generator was designed to recycle waste heat energy in exhaust systems of internal combustion engines and its performance was tested. Waste heat recycling tests were conducted by measuring voltage, current, and power values under different thermal conditions depending on the change in load resistance. The results obtained were compared with the results of analyses and experiments. Maximum voltage value at RI = 45Ω load resistance was obtained as 11.03 V (experiment) and 11.22 V (analysis), and maximum current value at RI = 5Ω load resistance as 0.42 A (experiment) at Th = 250°C, Δ T = 40°C.

Unsteady Flows Inside the Piping Systems of Internal Combustion Engines: 1-D Simulation Modeling and Experimental Validation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chalet ◽  
Pascal Chesse ◽  
Michel Violleau
Keyword(s):  
Friction Factor ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Stationary Flow ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Sudden Contraction

The main difficulty for the one-dimensional simulation of pressure waves in the inlet and exhaust systems of Internal Combustion Engines consists in the modeling of singularities (area changes, bends, junctions, etc.). The models presented in the literature are based on the behavior of the singularity in steady flow. However the pressure losses due to the wave propagation are different from those obtained in stationary flow. The authors’ objective is to propose models with a better precision based on the non steady study of the singularities which can be found in Internal Combustion Engines. Specifically, this paper presents the investigation of the pipe wall friction factor and the sudden contraction area. The first step consists in studying the behavior of pressure waves through pipes with the Fluent CFD code. Next, a model parameterized with the Reynolds number is proposed for the pipe wall friction factor while another one with the Mach number is proposed for the sudden contraction area. These models are included in a 1-D simulation code. Finally, in order to evaluate the accuracy of the simulation program, the models are compared with experimental data. The results show a satisfactory agreement between model predictions and experimental measurements.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic modeling of combustion process of the internal combustion engines – an overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys STEPANENKO ◽  
Zbigniew KNEBA
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
The Moment

The mathematical description of combustion process in the internal combustion engines is a very difficult task, due to the variety of phenomena that occurring in the engine from the moment when the fuel-air mixture ignites up to the moment when intake and exhaust valves beginning open. Modeling of the combustion process plays an important role in the engine simulation, which allows to predict in-cylinder pressure during the combustion, engine performance and environmental impact with high accuracy. The toxic emissions, which appears as a result of fuels combustion, are one of the main environmental problem and as a result the air pollutant regulations are increasingly stringent, what makes the investigation of the combustion process to be a relevant task.

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