Vortex Tube Applications in Micro-Power Generation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selin Arslan ◽  
Bojan Mitrovic ◽  
Michael R. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Vortex Tube ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Vortex Tubes

The purpose of this paper is to study vortex tube performance characteristics and the use of vortex tubes to increase the total efficiency of power systems, especially micropower systems. A vortex tube is a device in which compressed air is made to swirl and separate into two low-pressure streams, one with higher temperature than the entry and the other lower. The lack of moving parts and electricity make the vortex tube attractive for a number of specialized applications where simplicity, robustness and reliability are desired. Vortex tubes are currently used for industrial cooling applications, separation technologies, and chemical analysis. It is well known that the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the vortex tube scales with the pressure drop. Also, at any pressure drop, the temperatures and flow rates are dependent on the flow fractions between the hot and cold sides. Data is available for large pressure drops, but this paper presents experimental results at low-pressure drops optimizing the operational modes for various applications. The micro-power systems under consideration include micro-turbines, which evolved out of automotive turbocharger technology. The use of vortex tubes in power systems has received some attention but the use of both the hot and cold streams has never been considered. In this work, we consider such dual use. As an example of an application, the vortex tube is considered in conjunction with a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The vortex tube splits the turbine exhaust flow into hotter and cooler streams. The cooler stream is still hot enough to supply all needed heat in the economizer section, leaving the hotter stream to increase the exit temperature from the superheater. In this way both the air leaving the HRSG and going to the steam turbine will have an increased enthalpy and cycle efficiencies are improved. In addition, steam turbine exit quality is increased.

scholarly journals Effect of secondary swirl in supersonic gas and plasma flows in the self-vacuuming vortex tube

2018 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 00020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Volov ◽  
Anton Lyaskin
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Vortex Tube ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
The Self ◽  
Temperature Separation ◽  
Loss Estimations ◽  
Vortex Tubes

This article presents the results of simulation for a special type of vortex tubes – self-vacuuming vortex tube (SVT), for which extreme values of temperature separation and pressure drop are realized. The main results of this study are the flow structure in the SVT and energy loss estimations on oblique shock waves, gas friction, instant expansion and organization of vortex bundles in SVT.

Investigation of Fouling in Microchannels

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Perry ◽  
Satish G. Kandlikar
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Lift Force ◽  
Dilute Solutions ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Particulate Fouling ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Made In ◽  
Fouling Characteristics

Particulate fouling in microchannels is a subject that is largely unexplored. It does, however, have significant implications for all microchannel flows since the hydraulic diameters are very small and consequently are susceptible to excessively large pressure drops. The significant forces for dilute solutions of silica particles ranging from 3 to 10 μm are studied in rectangular microchannels made in silicon with a hydraulic diameter of 106 μm. The effects of zeta potential which is pH driven, lift force on the particulates and their fouling characteristics are evaluated by measuring the pressure drop across the microchannel test section.

Clinical experience with the Sorin Monolyth Oxygenator at high altitude

Perfusion ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Steinberg ◽  
Robert Dragan
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Gas Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Priming Volume ◽  
Recorded Data

High altitude combined with low barometric pressure can present unique challenges during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), not only for the perfusionist, but also for the oxygenator. Manufacturers of cardiopulmonary devices have responded to the requests from the perfusion community with a variety of oxygenators which balance low priming volumes and low pressure drops against high gas transfer. This paper will feature the first author’s clinical studies using the Sorin Monolyth Oxygenator in a selected group of patients at an altitude of approximately 5200 feet and an average barometric pressure of 634 mmHg (sea level is 760 mmHg). A review of the 47 charts on patients requiring CPB and who met the selection criteria was performed retrospectively. To qualify for this study, the patient needed to weigh more than 91 kg. The data reviewed included type of surgery, age, weight, bypass time, crossclamp time, pump flows (l/min/m2), hematocrits pre- and post-CPB, and pressure drop across the membrane. The PaO2, PaCO2, FiO2 and sweep gas flow at hypothermia and normothermia were recorded. Data concerning oxygen transfer were obtained from the manufacturer’s report to the Food and Drug Administration. All patients had adequate blood gases while on CPB. We feel that the design of the Sorin Monolyth Oxygenator met our criteria for an oxygenator: low priming volume, low pressure drop, and sufficient gas transfer to provide safe oxygenation of all patients at high altitude.

An Analysis of Factors Causing Poor Efficiency of the K-200-130 Steam Turbine Low-Pressure Cylinder

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Arkadiy E. Zariankin ◽  
◽  
Sergey К. Osipov ◽  
Vladislav I. Krutitsky ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Pressure Cylinder

scholarly journals Failure Analysis in Lacing Wire Of Last Stage Low Pressure Steam Turbine Blade

2021 ◽  
Vol 1096 (1) ◽  
pp. 012097
Author(s):  
A M Kongkong ◽  
H Setiawan ◽  
J Miftahul ◽  
A R Laksana ◽  
I Djunaedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Steam Turbine Blade ◽  
Last Stage

Experimental and Computational Analyses of Pressure Differentials in Flexible Ducts With Different Bent Angles

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray R. Taghavi ◽  
Wonjin Jin ◽  
Mario A. Medina
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Geometrical Effects ◽  
Cfd Analyses

A set of experimental analyses was conducted to determine static pressure drops inside non-metallic flexible, spiral wire helix core ducts, with different bent angles. In addition, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solutions were performed and verified by comparing them to the experimental data. The CFD computations were carried out to produce more systematic pressure drop information through these complex-geometry ducts. The experimental setup was constructed according to ASHRAE Standard 120-1999. Five different bent angles (0, 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees) were tested at relatively low flow rates (11 to 89 CFM). Also, two different bent radii and duct lengths were tested to study flexible duct geometrical effects on static pressure drops. FLUENT 6.2, using RANS based two equations - RNG k-ε model, was used for the CFD analyses. The experimental and CFD results showed that larger bent angles produced larger static pressure drops in the flexible ducts. CFD analysis data were found to be in relatively good agreement with the experimental results for all bent angle cases. However, the deviations became slightly larger at higher velocity regimes and at the longer test sections. Overall, static pressure drop for longer length cases were approximately 0.01in.H2O higher when compared to shorter cases because of the increase in resistance to the flow. Also, the CFD simulations captured more pronounced static pressure drops that were produced along the sharper turns. The stronger secondary flows, which resulted from higher and lower static pressure distributions in the outer and inner surfaces, respectively, contributed to these higher pressure drops.

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