Modelling of the Mechanical Behaviour of Human Joints Cartilage

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Alberto Accardi ◽  
Daniele Dini
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Transverse Isotropy ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Porous Matrix ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Soil Consolidation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Biphasic Model ◽  
Human Joints

A significant component of our understanding of cartilage mechanical behaviour is the ability to model its response to various types of mechanical loading, for which we require detailed knowledge of cartilage material properties. The Finite Element Analysis software ABAQUS is renowned for the ability to model poroelastic materials using the soil consolidation theory. In this research, ABAQUS has been used to model and investigate the mechanical behaviour of articular cartilage, mainly using indentation and unconfined compression techniques. A biphasic model of articular cartilage was first created and subsequently modified to incorporate more detailed material descriptions. Various material constitutive laws (and mechanical properties), accounting for the strain dependent permeability of the porous matrix, solid viscoelasticity and transverse isotropy, have been adopted to produce increasingly sophisticated models. The presence of collagen fibril networks embedded in the solid has been also considered and Fibril Reinforced Elastic and Viscoelastic models produced. A salient feature of these models is their ability to simulate fibril stiffening by replicating the nonlinear fibrillar response. In this paper, we provide an overview of the state-of-art modelling techniques adopted to simulate cartilage behaviour. The comparative study performed by the authors provides a critical assessment of the effectiveness of such techniques.

Finite Element Analysis of Tire/Rim Interface Forces Under Braking and Cornering Loads

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Jeusette ◽  
M. Theves
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Plane Shear ◽  
Normal Contact

Abstract During vehicle braking and cornering, the tire's footprint region may see high normal contact pressures and in-plane shear stresses. The corresponding resultant forces and moments are transferred to the wheel. The optimal design of the tire bead area and the wheel requires a detailed knowledge of the contact pressure and shear stress distributions at the tire/rim interface. In this study, the forces and moments obtained from the simulation of a vehicle in stationary braking/cornering conditions are applied to a quasi-static braking/cornering tire finite element model. Detailed contact pressure and shear stress distributions at the tire/rim interface are computed for heavy braking and cornering maneuvers.

The effect of highly inhomogeneous biphasic properties on mechanical behaviour of articular cartilage

2021 ◽  
pp. 106122
Author(s):  
Weijian Lin ◽  
Qingen Meng ◽  
Junyan Li ◽  
Zhenxian Chen ◽  
Zhongmin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour

Influence of Permeability on the Compressive Property of Articular Cartilage: A Scaffold-Free, Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Cartilage Repair

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Susa ◽  
Ryosuke Nansai ◽  
Norimasa Nakamura ◽  
Hiromichi Fujie
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Cell Delivery ◽  
Compressive Property ◽  
Chondral Defect ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Normal Cartilage ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Immunological Effects

Since the healing capacity of articular cartilage is limited, it is important to develop cell-based therapies for the repair of cartilage. Although synthetic or animal-derived scaffolds are frequently used for effective cell delivery long-term safety and efficiency of such scaffolds still remain unclear. We have been studying on a scaffold-free tissue engineered construct (TEC) bio-synthesized from synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1]. As the TEC specimen is composed of cells with their native extracellular matrix, we believe that it is free from concern regarding long term immunological effects. our previous studies indicated that a porcine partial thickness chondral defect was successfully repaired with TEC but that the compressive property of the TEC-treated cartilage-like repaired tissue was different from normal cartilage in both immature and mature animals. Imura et al. found that the permeability of the immature porcine cartilage-like tissues repaired with TEC recovered to normal level for 6 months except the superficial layer [2]. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the depth-dependent permeability of mature porcine cartilage-like tissue repaired with TEC. Moreover, we investigated the effect of difference of permeability on the compressive property of articular cartilage using a finite element analysis (FEM).

Thermo-Mechanical Modelling of Friction Stir Welding Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 1155-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Cong He
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mechanical Modelling ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Realistic Prediction

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding process where no gross melting of the material being welded takes place. Numerical modelling of the FSW process can provide realistic prediction of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the process. Latest literature relating to finite element analysis (FEA) of thermo-mechanical behaviour of FSW process is reviewed in this paper. The recent development in thermo-mechanical modelling of FSW process is described with particular reference to two major factors that influence the performance of FSW joints: material flow and temperature distribution. The main thermo-mechanical modelling used in FSW process are discussed and illustrated with brief case studies from the literature.

Human Joint Performance and the Roughness of Articular Cartilage

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Thomas ◽  
R. S. Sayles ◽  
I. Haslock
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Normal Walking ◽  
Cartilage Surface ◽  
Real Area Of Contact ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Joints ◽  
Human Joint ◽  
Real Area

It is known that the surface of articular cartilage is rough and it has been suggested that this is likely to affect the lubrication of human joints. This paper describes the direct measurement of a cartilage surface with a stylus instrument. It is found that the height distribution is Gaussian with an inverse-square power spectrum. It is thus possible to calculate the elastic deflection of the surface under normal walking loads and it is shown that the mean separation of the cartilage surfaces in a human joint varies rather slowly with load. In one particular hip joint at heel strike the real area of contact was calculated to be about 1.3 cm2, the mean gap to be about 60 μm and the trapped volume to be about 80 percent of that when standing.

Computational Investigation of Mechanical Behaviour of FSW Joints

2013 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Cong He
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Computational Investigation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Joining Technology ◽  
Emerging Joining Technology ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Static Behaviour

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a rapidly emerging joining technology due to significant advancements in tooling and process development. Latest literature relating to finite element analysis (FEA) of mechanical behaviour of FSW joints is reviewed in this paper. The recent development in FEA of mechanical behaviour of FSW joints is described with particular reference to two major factors that influence the performance of FSW joints: static behaviour and fatigue behaviour. The main FE methods used in FSW performance are discussed and illustrated with brief case studies from the literature.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document