Forming of Steels in Mushy States

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Horský ◽  
M. Raudenský ◽  
P. Kotrbácek ◽  
Ampere A. Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Deformation Rate ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Deformation Resistance ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Phase Percentage ◽  
State Processing

Abstract Semisolid or mushy-state processing permits a material to partially solidify before shape making operations. The understanding of material behavior in the mushy state is critical for better control of various semisolid processes. The aim of the present study is to experimentally quantify the deformation behaviours of steel in mushy states. Semisolid specimens under indentation and upsetting deformation were evaluated at various forming speeds and mushy states. The temperature of specimens was carefully controlled to correlate the solid phase content. It has been found that the deformation resistance of steel in a mushy state was dependent on the deformation rate and the solid phase percentage. The relaxation of steel and stress reduction at mushy states were also observed and discussed.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Tribological Properties of Bio-Inspired Nacre-Like Composites

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Zhang ◽  
Shuhai Liu ◽  
Huaping Xiao ◽  
Xun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Layered Structure ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Dry Conditions

Ceramic materials possessing the properties of high-strength and rigidity are widely used in industry. The shell nacre has a layered structure containing both macroscopic and microscopic levels and is equipped with superior qualities regarding hardness and strength. Therefore, the ceramic composites with a nacre-like layered structure have the potential to be utilized as sliding bearings employed in the harsh conditions of wells. For the purpose of this paper, a porous Al2O3 ceramics skeleton with nanometer powder is prepared using the freeze-casting method. Then the porous ceramic skeleton is filled with polymer polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) through mass polymerization to produce a bionic Al2O3/PMMA composite with a lamellar structure. The properties of the prepared composite are determined by the analysis of micro-hardness, fracture toughness, friction coefficient, wear scar diameter, and the morphology of the worn surface. Consequent results indicate that elevation in the A12O3 powder, which acts as the initial solid phase content, prompts the ceramic slurry to exhibit an increase in viscosity and a gradual decrease in the pore size of the ceramic skeleton. The prepared layered Al2O3/PMMA composite possesses high fracture toughness, which closely resembles that of Al, is approximately four times that of the matrix of the Al2O3 ceramics and 16 times that of the PMMA. Three kinds of composites containing different solid phase content are subjected to testing involving lubrication by water-based drilling fluid to determine the friction coefficient of each. The results indicate that an increased load leads to a decreased friction coefficient while the impact of speed is not evident. Under dry conditions, the friction coefficient of three different composites tested, declines with elevated load and speed. With the use of water-based drilling fluid as lubrication, the wear scar diameter increases at higher speed, while dry conditions denote increased load. Abrasive wear is determined to be the principal form of erosion of layered Al2O3/PMMA composites.

X-ray based measurements of the local solid phase content in a three-phase flow of a bubble column: statistical significance

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Kertzscher ◽  
G. Dimitroff ◽  
M. Binsteiner ◽  
K. Affeld ◽  
L. Goubergrits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Three Phase Flow

The Development of Hydraulic Water Separator Used in Construction

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1391-1396
Author(s):  
Xiao Chen Chen ◽  
Jing Guang Liu ◽  
Guo Hong Xie
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Servo Control ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Servo Control System ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Water Separator ◽  
Hydraulic Servo

Hydraulic water separator can realize the automatic control function by the use of pump-control speed electro-hydraulic servo control system. It can keep the centrifuge adapting to the changes of the water parameters fully with the real-time date collection of centrifugal speed according to different parameters including the density, viscosity, solid-phase content and particle size. It can achieve the best effect by the assurance that the centrifuge is always in the best condition.

scholarly journals Synthesis of zirconia colloidal dispersions by forced hydrolysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Markovic ◽  
Slobodan Milonjic
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Colloidal Dispersions ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Acidic Solutions ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Forced Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrated Zirconia

Different zirconia colloidal dispersions (sols) were prepared from zirconyl oxynitrate and zirconyl oxychloride solutions by forced hydrolysis. Vigorously stirred acidic solutions of these salts were refluxed at 102 oC for 24 h. Characterization of the obtained sols (pH, solid phase content crystal structure) was performed by potentiometric, XRD, TGA/DTA and SEM measurements. The prepared sols contained almost spherical monoclinic hydrated zirconia particles 7-10 nm in diameter.

A Method for the Determination of the Solid Phase Content of Fats Using Pulse Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

1978 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Vanden Enden ◽  
A. J. Haighton ◽  
K. van Putte ◽  
L. F. Vermaas ◽  
D. Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Pulse Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Wax precipitation from North Sea crude oils. 2. Solid-phase content as function of temperature determined by pulsed NMR

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 908-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walther Batsberg Pedersen ◽  
Asger Baltzer Hansen ◽  
Elfinn Larsen ◽  
Anne B. Nielsen ◽  
Hans Petter Roenningsen
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Wax Precipitation ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Pulsed Nmr

scholarly journals Blocking compounds on the basis of condensed dispersions for well killing under complicated mining and geological conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Ramiz A. Gasumov ◽  
Sergey V. Kostyukov
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Recovery Coefficient ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Solid Phase Content ◽  
Formation Zone

The article is devoted to the results of laboratory studies of blocking compounds with a condensable solid phase based on calcium. The features of such systems have been revealed and their positive characteristics have been determined. It made it possible to conclude that such systems compounds are promising as blocking compounds for usage in wells with complicated mining and geological conditions (abnormally low reservoir pressures, in reservoirs with complex mineralogical and chemical composition with a high clay content fractions, with a highly fractured bottomhole formation zone, etc.).Based on the data obtained, we have developed blocking compounds with a condensable solid phase (the patent RU 2543003 and the patent RU 2651687), which have high blocking properties (withstand pressure drop up to 20 MPa) and ensure the preservation of reservoir properties (permeability recovery coefficient is more than 95 %) and inhibition of clay minerals swelling. In addition, as a result of studies we have found that for the blocking of productive deposits with a nonuniform permeability (for reservoirs with an average permeability about 1 Darcy) the usage of compounds with a close to stoichiometric ratio of precipitating components with a condensed solid phase content about 11 wt. % is optimal.

Influence of solid-phase content on viscosity properties of urea adduct slurry

1978 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-339
Author(s):  
V. S. Dorodnova ◽  
Yu. A. Korzhov ◽  
B. Kh. Shagaev
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Urea Adduct ◽  
Solid Phase Content

scholarly journals Polymer Binders of Ceramic Nanoparticles for Precision Casting of Nickel-Based Superalloys

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Paweł Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ethyl Silicate ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Precision Casting ◽  
Polymer Binders ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Nano Alumina ◽  
Solid Phase Content

This study presents the general characteristics of binders used in precision casting of Nickel-based superalloys. Three groups of binders were described: resins, organic compounds, and materials containing nanoparticles in alcohol or aqueous systems. This study also includes literature reports on materials commonly used and those recently replaced by water-soluble binders, i.e., ethyl silicate (ES) and hydrolysed ethyl silicate (HES). The appearance of new and interesting solutions containing nano-alumina is described, as well as other solutions at the initial stage of scientific research, such as those containing biopolymers, biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL), or modified starch. Special attention is paid to four binders containing nano-SiO2 intended for the first layers (Ludox AM, Ludox SK) and structural layers (EHT, Remasol) of shell moulds. Their morphology, viscosity, density, reactions, and electrokinetic potential were investigated. The binders were characterized by a high solid-phase content (>28%), viscosity, and density close to that of water (1–2 mPa·s) and good electrokinetic stability. The nanoparticles contained in the binders were approximately spherically shaped with an average particle size of 16–25 nm.

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