Identification of a Longitudinal Human Driving Model for Adaptive Cruise Control Performance Assessment

The main purpose of this paper is to develop a longitudinal human driving model that is accurate enough for the performance evaluation of adaptive cruise control systems. Six driver models were evaluated based on selected data from two vehicle motion databases—the SAVME database and the ICCFOT database, both created at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI). Among the models we evaluated, the Gipps’ model was found to be the most promising and was further analyzed. A modified version of the model was suggested and evaluated. The modified model was implemented in a microscopic traffic simulator and was found to produce results that agree with macroscopic traffic behavior very well.

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Safety Seat Use for Children With Hip Dislocation

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.77.6.873 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 873-875

Author(s):

Marilyn J. Bull ◽

Kathleen Weber ◽

Karen Bruner Stroup

Keyword(s):

Hip Dislocation ◽

Outer Side ◽

Plastic Shell ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

Spica Cast ◽

Century Model ◽

Child Restraint ◽

Transportation Research ◽

The University ◽

Safety Seat

Treatment of children with congenitally dislocated hips requires that an infant be placed into a plaster spica cast for a duration of 3 to 12 months. Because the use of a safety seat is difficult, if not impossible, for children fitted with a brace or spica cast, a solution for safe transportation was developed. A Century child restraint model 100 or the Century model 300 was selected as appropriate for modification. Seat padding was removed from the lower sides of the plastic shell, and the shell was cut. The seat padding was replaced and taped tightly to the outer side of the shell. An impact test of the modified safety seat at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute indicated that the modification of the shell did not compromise the performance of the restraint system. Seats with this modification have been loaned to children treated at the James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children with satisfactory results.

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Evaluation and Testing of Driver-Assistive Truck Platooning: Phase 2 Final Results

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/2615-02 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2615 (1) ◽

pp. 11-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Richard Bishop ◽

David Bevly ◽

Luke Humphreys ◽

Stephen Boyd ◽

Daniel Murray

Keyword(s):

Fuel Economy ◽

Short Range ◽

Adaptive Cruise Control ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Cruise Control ◽

Dedicated Short Range Communications ◽

Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control ◽

Transportation Research ◽

The Impact

Phase 2 final results are described for the FHWA Exploratory Advanced Research project titled Heavy Truck Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: Evaluation, Testing, and Stakeholder Engagement for Near Term Deployment, which evaluates the commercial feasibility of driver-assistive truck platooning (DATP). The project was led by Auburn University, in partnership with Peloton Technology, Peterbilt Trucks, Meritor WABCO, and the American Transportation Research Institute. DATP is a form of cooperative adaptive cruise control for heavy trucks (two-truck platoons). It takes advantage of the increasing maturity of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications (and the expected widespread deployment of V2V connectivity based on dedicated short-range communications over the next decade) to improve freight efficiency, fleet efficiency, safety, and highway mobility as well as reduce emissions. Notably, truck fleets can implement DATP regardless of the regulatory timeline for dedicated short-range communications. The Phase 2 analysis built on Phase 1 and included a testing program of a DATP prototype (with detailed SAE Type 2 fuel economy testing), wireless communications optimization, traffic modeling to understand the impact on roadways at various levels of market penetration, and additional analysis of methods to find DATP partners as well as aerodynamic simulations to understand drag on the vehicles. Detailed analysis of the fuel economy testing data is provided.

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Simplified Energy-Efficient Adaptive Cruise Control based on Model Predictive Control * *This work has been partly supported by the Center for Commercial Vehicle Technology (ZNT) at the University of Kaiserslautern funded by Research Initiative of the Federal State of Rhineland-Palatinate.

IFAC-PapersOnLine ◽

10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.963 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 4794-4799 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaohai Lin ◽

Daniel Görges ◽

Andreas Weißmann

Keyword(s):

Model Predictive Control ◽

Predictive Control ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Adaptive Cruise Control ◽

Commercial Vehicle ◽

Federal State ◽

Cruise Control ◽

Research Initiative ◽

Vehicle Technology ◽

The University

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A Pilot Study of the In-Vehicle Safety Advisory and Warning System (IVSAWS) Driver-Alert Warning System Design

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129203600502 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 480-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jason Erlichman

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

System Design ◽

Relative Effectiveness ◽

Text Message ◽

Warning System ◽

Vehicle Safety ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

Voice Message ◽

Transportation Research ◽

The University

This pilot study was conducted to obtain preliminary information regarding alternative signalling presentations and symbologies for the Driver-Alert Warning System design within the In-Vehicle Safety Advisory and Warning System Program sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration. Preliminary analysis had been conducted by both Hughes Aircraft Company and The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute. The pilot study concentrated of the driver attributes of understanding, relative effectiveness and signalling format. Thirteen subjects were exposed to the new pictograms prototyped on a Macintosh computer and were requested to verbalize their understanding and preferences in regard to varying signalling characteristics. These characteristics included, a) monochrome, b) color, c) blink, d) tone, e) text message and f) voice message. The results indicated that, as a group, the combination of color, audio tone, text and voice message was the preferred signalling presentation. Gender differences were noted with the female subjects indicating a preference for the combination that included color and blink. All pictograms were recognizable by the subjects and all subjects agreed that IVSAWS would be a substantial aid to the driver.

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Novae in the Magellanic Clouds

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100073334 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 96-101

Author(s):

J.A. Graham

Keyword(s):

Large Magellanic Cloud ◽

Magellanic Cloud ◽

Magellanic Clouds ◽

University Of Michigan ◽

The Past ◽

Spectroscopic Information ◽

Objective Prism ◽

The University ◽

Small Cloud ◽

Low Dispersion

During the past several years, a systematic search for novae in the Magellanic Clouds has been carried out at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The Curtis Schmidt telescope, on loan to CTIO from the University of Michigan is used to obtain plates every two weeks during the observing season. An objective prism is used on the telescope. This provides additional low-dispersion spectroscopic information when a nova is discovered. The plates cover an area of 5°x5°. One plate is sufficient to cover the Small Magellanic Cloud and four are taken of the Large Magellanic Cloud with an overlap so that the central bar is included on each plate. The methods used in the search have been described by Graham and Araya (1971). In the CTIO survey, 8 novae have been discovered in the Large Cloud but none in the Small Cloud. The survey was not carried out in 1974 or 1976. During 1974, one nova was discovered in the Small Cloud by MacConnell and Sanduleak (1974).

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