Simulation of Electroosmotic and Pressure Driven Flows in Microfluidic Interconnects

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudheer D. Rani ◽  
Steven A. Soper ◽  
Dimitris E. Nikitopoulos ◽  
Michael C. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Optical Detector ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Electrokinetic Flows ◽  
Material Mismatch ◽  
Cross Sectional Average ◽  
Pressure Driven

Numerical Simulations were performed to see the effect of geometrical misalignment on the progression of a sample plug in electrokinetic flows. The effect of material mismatch along with combined material and geometrical mismatch has also been investigated. A sample plug with low diffusion coefficient was introduced after the flow was fully developed. The effect of material and geometrical mismatch on the cross-sectional average of the plug concentrations were evaluated from the point of view of an optical detector. Various degrees of geometrical mismatch ranging from 0% to 75% were introduced and its effect on sample plug was evaluated. Comparison has been made with pressure driven flows to quantify the effect of geometrical mismatch.

scholarly journals The cross-sectional average inequality in lifespan (CAL†): A lifespan variation measure that reflects the mortality histories of cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Nepomuceno ◽  
Qi Cui ◽  
Alyson A van Raalte ◽  
José Manuel Aburto ◽  
Vladimir Canudas-Romo
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Country Rankings ◽  
Lifespan Variation ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
Timing Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Average

Lifespan variation is a key metric of mortality that describes both individual uncertaintyabout the length of life and heterogeneity in population health. We propose a novel andtimely lifespan variation measure, which we call the Cross-sectional Average Inequality in Lifespan. This new index provides an alternative perspective on the analysis of lifespan inequality by combining the mortality histories of all cohorts present in a cross-sectional approach. We demonstrate how differences in the Cross-sectional Average Inequality in Lifespan measure can be decomposed between populations by age and cohort to explore the compression or expansion of mortality in a cohort perspective. We apply these new methods using data from ten low-mortality countries from 1879 to 2013. The Cross-sectional Average Inequality in Lifespan measure reveals greater uncertainty in the timing of death than the period life table-based indices of variation indicate. Also, country rankings of lifespan inequality vary considerably between period and cross-sectional measures. These differences open intriguing questions as to which temporal dimension is the most relevant to individuals when considering the uncertainty in the timing of death in planning their life courses.

Semicrystalline Structure and Mechanical Properties of Polyolefin-Based Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 713-716
Author(s):  
Mizue Kuriyagawa ◽  
Koh Hei Nitta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Draw Ratio ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Structural Point

The mechanical yielding and necking behaviors of metallocene-catalyzed high density polyethylenes were investigated from a structural point of view. In particular the natural draw ratio was investigated with different crosshead speeds, molecular weights, and the cross-section shapes of sample specimens. We proposed a structural model for explaining the necking formation in addition to the molecular weight and the cross-sectional shape dependences of the natural draw ratio.

scholarly journals Correction to: The cross-sectional average length of healthy life (HCAL): a measure that summarizes the history of cohort health and mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Sauerberg ◽  
Michel Guillot ◽  
Marc Luy
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Health And Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional Average

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals The Cross-sectional Average Inequality in Lifespan (CAL†): A Lifespan Variation Measure That Reflects the Mortality Histories of Cohorts

Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília R. Nepomuceno ◽  
Qi Cui ◽  
Alyson van Raalte ◽  
José Manuel Aburto ◽  
Vladimir Canudas-Romo
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Country Rankings ◽  
Lifespan Variation ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
Timing Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Average

Abstract Lifespan variation is a key metric of mortality that describes both individual uncertainty about the length of life and heterogeneity in population health. We propose a novel and timely lifespan variation measure, which we call the cross-sectional average inequality in lifespan, or CAL†. This new index provides an alternative perspective on the analysis of lifespan inequality by combining the mortality histories of all cohorts present in a cross-sectional approach. We demonstrate how differences in the CAL† measure can be decomposed between populations by age and cohort to explore the compression or expansion of mortality in a cohort perspective. We apply these new methods using data from 10 low-mortality countries or regions from 1879 to 2013. CAL† reveals greater uncertainty in the timing of death than the period life table–based indices of variation indicate. Also, country rankings of lifespan inequality vary considerably between period and cross-sectional measures. These differences raise intriguing questions as to which temporal dimension is the most relevant to individuals when considering the uncertainty in the timing of death in planning their life courses.

On the cross-sectional shape of the cellulose crystallites in the tunicate Halocynthia papillosa

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-567
Author(s):  
J.-F. Revol ◽  
Y. Van Daele ◽  
F. Gaill
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Field Mode ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Valonia Ventricosa ◽  
C Nmr

The only form of cellulose which could unequivocally be ascribed to the animal kingdom is the tunicin that occurs in the tests of the tunicates. Recently, high-resolution solid-state l3C NMR revealed that tunicin belongs to the Iβ form of cellulose as opposed to the Iα form found in Valonia and bacterial celluloses. The high perfection of the tunicin crystallites led us to study its crosssectional shape and to compare it with the shape of those in Valonia ventricosa (V.v.), the goal being to relate the cross-section of cellulose crystallites with the two allomorphs Iα and Iβ.In the present work the source of tunicin was the test of the ascidian Halocvnthia papillosa (H.p.). Diffraction contrast imaging in the bright field mode was applied on ultrathin sections of the V.v. cell wall and H.p. test with cellulose crystallites perpendicular to the plane of the sections. The electron microscope, a Philips 400T, was operated at 120 kV in a low intensity beam condition.

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