scholarly journals The cross-sectional average length of healthy life (HCAL): a measure that summarizes the history of cohort health and mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Sauerberg ◽  
Michel Guillot ◽  
Marc Luy
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Health And Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional Average

scholarly journals Correction to: The cross-sectional average length of healthy life (HCAL): a measure that summarizes the history of cohort health and mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Sauerberg ◽  
Michel Guillot ◽  
Marc Luy
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Health And Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional Average

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals The cross-sectional average inequality in lifespan (CAL†): A lifespan variation measure that reflects the mortality histories of cohorts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Nepomuceno ◽  
Qi Cui ◽  
Alyson A van Raalte ◽  
José Manuel Aburto ◽  
Vladimir Canudas-Romo
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Country Rankings ◽  
Lifespan Variation ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
Timing Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Average

Lifespan variation is a key metric of mortality that describes both individual uncertaintyabout the length of life and heterogeneity in population health. We propose a novel andtimely lifespan variation measure, which we call the Cross-sectional Average Inequality in Lifespan. This new index provides an alternative perspective on the analysis of lifespan inequality by combining the mortality histories of all cohorts present in a cross-sectional approach. We demonstrate how differences in the Cross-sectional Average Inequality in Lifespan measure can be decomposed between populations by age and cohort to explore the compression or expansion of mortality in a cohort perspective. We apply these new methods using data from ten low-mortality countries from 1879 to 2013. The Cross-sectional Average Inequality in Lifespan measure reveals greater uncertainty in the timing of death than the period life table-based indices of variation indicate. Also, country rankings of lifespan inequality vary considerably between period and cross-sectional measures. These differences open intriguing questions as to which temporal dimension is the most relevant to individuals when considering the uncertainty in the timing of death in planning their life courses.

scholarly journals SCHIZOPHRENIA AND EPILEPSY: WHAT LINKS BETWEEN? ARRAZI HOSPITAL EXPERIENCE ABOUT 56 CASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
S. Benzahra ◽  
◽  
A. Karara ◽  
H. Nafiaa ◽  
A. Ouanass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Length Of Stay ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Background: Given the higher incidence of psychotic disorders in patients with epilepsy, several neurologists and psychiatrists have attempted to explain this controversial comorbidity. Thus, several hypotheses have been put forward but no link has been established with certainty until today. Objectives: The aim of our work is to draw up a socio-demographic and psychopathological profile of patients with schizophrenia-epilepsy comorbidity as well as to assess the risk of suicide, the management, the reasons for admission and the length of hospitalization. Methodology: we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study on medical records of patients with schizophrenia and epilepsy who were hospitalized at the Ar-Razi University Psychiatric Hospital in Salé between January 01, 2017 and March 31, 2021. Results: Our study included 56 patients. The average age was 33 + / - 9.83, 55% male. 50% of patients had attempted suicide in the past and 25% had a history of depressive episode, 41.1% had substance use disorder and 26.8% had a family history of psychosis. 85.7% of our patients developed schizophrenia from pre-existing epilepsy the time to onset of schizophrenia compared to epilepsy was 11.08 years +/- 7.71. The mean age of onset of schizophrenia is 23.3 years with a mean duration of progression of 9.18 years, 55.4% of patients were on monotherapy and 8.9% had resistant schizophrenia on clozapine. The average age of onset of epilepsy is 14.73 years, with generalized epilepsy in 84% of cases. The average length of stay is 42 days. The reasons for admission were as follows: hetero-aggression 78.6%, delusional verbalization 85.7% and suicide attempt 23.2%. The majority of our patients have been treated with atypical antipsychotics: Risperidone 30.4%, Amisulpride 21.4% and Aripiprazole 12.5%. Conclusion: The co-occurrence of schizophrenia epilepsy suggests the existence of possible common etiopathogenic factors. The management of this comorbidity requires a multidisciplinary collaboration between neurologist and psychiatrist, in order to confirm the diagnosis, establish a good therapeutic approach and propose a management algorithm taking into account the two pathologies.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Average Length of Life Childless

Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-344
Author(s):  
Ryohei Mogi ◽  
Jessica Nisén ◽  
Vladimir Canudas-Romo
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Length Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Average

Abstract Increases in the average age at first birth and in the proportion of women remaining childless have extended the total number of years that women spend childless during their reproductive lifetime in several countries. To quantify the number of years that reproductive-age women live without children, we introduce the cross-sectional average length of life childless (CALC). This measure includes all the age-specific first-birth information available for the cohorts present at time t; it is a period measure based on cohort data. Using the Human Fertility Database, CALC is calculated for the year 2015 for all countries with long enough histories of fertility available. Results show that women in the majority of the studied countries spend, on average, more than half of their reproductive lives childless. Furthermore, the difference between CALCs in two countries can be decomposed to give a clear visualization of how each cohort contributes to the difference in the duration of the length of childless life in those populations. Our illustration of the decomposition shows that (1) in recent years, female cohorts in Japan and Spain at increasingly younger ages have been contributing to more years of childless life compared with those in Sweden, (2) the United States continues to represent an exception among the high-income countries with a low expectation for childless life of women, and (3) Hungary experienced a strong period effect of the recent Great Recession. These examples show that CALC and its decomposition can provide insights into first-birth patterns.

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