Modeling Progressive Settlement of a Railway Bridge Transition

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Wilk ◽  
Timothy D. Stark
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Railway Bridge ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
Bridge Abutment ◽  
The Impact

This paper illustrates the impact of progressive settlement on a railway bridge transition using a three-dimensional dynamic numerical model that includes the train truck, rails, ties, ballast, subgrade, and bridge abutment and structure. A settlement law that relates tie load to ballast settlement is presented and demonstrated using an iterative fashion to evaluate bridge transition response to 28 MGT. The results illustrate: (1) development of the commonly observed dip about 2.5 to 3.7 m (8 to 12 feet) from the entrance bridge abutment, (2) tie-ballast gaps progressively increase in height and expand to ties outwards from the bridge abutment, (3) a redistribution of load to ties outwards from the bridge abutment as tie-ballast gaps develop and increase, and (4) a ballast surface profile that attempts to minimize tie loads by evenly distributing the wheel load amongst adjacent ties.

A three‐dimensional numerical model investigation of the impact of submerged macrophytes on flow dynamics in a large fluvial lake

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1627-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Bulat ◽  
Pascale M. Biron ◽  
Jay R. W. Lacey ◽  
Morgan Botrel ◽  
Christiane Hudon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Dynamics ◽  
Model Investigation ◽  
Fluvial Lake ◽  
The Impact

Performance of Thermoactive Foundations for Commercial Buildings

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Chang Kwag ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Foundation Pile ◽  
The Impact

A transient three-dimensional numerical model is developed to model the performance of thermoactive foundations used to heat and cool commercial buildings. Using laboratory testing data, the numerical model is validated and used to carry out a sensitivity analysis to assess the most important design and operating parameters that affect the performance of thermoactive foundations. It is found that the foundation depth, the shank space, the fluid flow rate, and the number of U-tube loops in each foundation pile are the main parameters that affect the thermal performance of a thermoactive foundation system. Based on the validated numerical model, thermal response factors for a thermoactive foundation are developed, and implemented into a detailed building energy simulation program. These thermal-response factors are then used to estimate the impact of installing thermoactive foundations on the total energy use of typical office buildings in various US climates.

scholarly journals Research on Influence of Deep Foundation Pit Excavation and Dewatering on Pile Foundation of Railway Bridge

2021 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Liu Tianyun ◽  
Yu Changyi ◽  
Zhu Nan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Pile Foundation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Railway Bridge ◽  
Deep Foundation ◽  
Foundation Pit ◽  
Deep Foundation Pit ◽  
Maximum Settlement ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Construction Optimization

The three-dimensional numerical model of the foundation pit engineering is established, and the fluid-structure coupling method is used to calculate the settlement of the pile foundation of the adjacent railway bridge caused by the excavation and dewatering of the foundation pit. The results show that the settlement range of the soil around the foundation pit reaches 140m, and the pile foundation of the railway bridge is within the influence range, but the maximum settlement value does not exceed the limit value specified in the design. The method used in this paper provides effective guidance for the construction optimization of the same type of projects and reduces the project cost.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Evolution of Mesoscale Anticyclones in the Lee of Crete

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemis Ioannou ◽  
Alexandre Stegner ◽  
Franck Dumas ◽  
Briac Le Vu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wind Forcing ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Dynamical Process ◽  
Ekman Pumping ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Motivated by the recurrent formation of mesoscale anticyclones in the southeast of Crete, we investigated with a high resolution model the response of the ocean to orographic wind jets driven by the Cretean mountain range. As shown in the dynamical process study of Ioannou et al. (2020) which uses a simplified shallow-water model, we confirm here, using the CROCO (Coastal and Regional Ocean COmmunity) model, that the main oceanic response to the Etesian wind forcing is the formation of mesoscale anticyclones. Moreover, we found that the intensity of the wind-induced Ekman pumping acting on the eddies, once they are formed, modulates their intensity. Among the various coastal anticyclones formed during summer and fall 2015, only one of them will correspond to a long lived structure (M_IE15) which is similar to the Ierapetra Eddy detected in 2015 (O_IE15) on the AVISO/DUACS products. Thanks to the DYNED-Atlas data base, we were able to perform a quantitative comparison of the vertical structure of such long-lived anticyclone between the numerical model and the in-situ measurements of the various Argo profilers trapped inside the eddy core. Even without assimilation or any nudging, the numerical model was able to reproduce correctly the formation period, the seasonal evolution and the vertical structure of the O_IE15. The main discrepancy between the model and the altimetry observations is the dynamical intensity of the anticyclone. The characteristic eddy velocity derived from the AVISO/DUACS product for the O_IE15 is much lower than in the numerical model. This is probably due to the spatio temporal interpolation of the AVISO/DUACS altimetry products. More surprisingly, several coastal anticyclones were also formed in the model in the lee of Crete area during summer 2015 when the Etesian winds reach strong values. However, these coastal anticyclones respond differently to the wind forcing since they remain close to the coast, in shallow-waters, unlike the M_IE15 which propagates offshore in deep water. The impact of the bottom friction or the coastal dissipation seems to limit the wind amplification of these coastal anticyclones.

scholarly journals Structural Constructs and Ease Reduction Treatment Interface Related to Cling Fit

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Nithyaprakash Venkatasamy ◽  
Saravanan Dhandapani
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Body Mapping ◽  
Reduction Treatment ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Human Body Surface ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mapping Concept

AbstractGarment cling fit is a proximal fit that emphasizes close clinging contour lines of the apparel maintained by it on the human body in regular postures and while performing primary movements. To understand the nature of interface between ease reduction treatments and structural constructs, three-dimensional (3D) modeling of human body using body mapping concept and ease reduction treatment’s role in explaining the garment strain patterns in cling fit conditions were investigated. We report the impact of ease reduction treatment that defines the proportions and measurements of the cling fit pattern with reference to human body surface profile.

A three-dimensional groundwater flow simulation of Granger Basin, Yukon, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Woo ◽  
Jeffrey McKenzie ◽  
Sean Carey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
The Impact

<p>Groundwater flow and exfiltration (discharge) in Arctic and Subarctic mountain regimes is poorly understood yet plays an important role in areas underlain by continuous and discontinuous permafrost. Permafrost, ground with a perennial temperature below 0°C, acts as an impermeable barrier to groundwater flow and influences hydrogeologic connectivity and storage. The Arctic is warming at twice the global average rate, leading to rapid permafrost thaw with unclear consequences for groundwater systems. In this study, we develop a numerical groundwater model of the Granger Basin, Yukon, to further our understanding of the influence of permafrost and thaw on groundwater flow in basins impacted by climate change.</p><p>Granger Basin is a 7.6 km<sup>2</sup>  headwater catchment located within the Wolf Creek Research Basin, Yukon, Canada. It is representative of a subarctic-continental mountain environment with already observable climate change impacts. To date, there has been limited hydrogeology monitoring or numerical modeling at this site. To investigate cryohydrogeologic processes within the basin, we integrate existing field data, including 30 years of hydrometeorological records and geophysical data into a three-dimensional numerical model with saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow. We use the SUTRA-ice numerical model that couples groundwater flow and energy transport with dynamic freeze-thaw processes. The model incorporates both time-dependent thermal and hydrological surface boundary conditions and is used parametrically to understand the generation of groundwater baseflow in this setting. We will present initial results that will evaluate the impact of different hydrogeologic properties on the generation of groundwater streamflow in Wolf Creek, how permafrost in transition affects the groundwater system, and provide the framework for future research directions.</p>

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