Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 2—Repair Welding Method

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Shiga ◽  
Yukio Hirai ◽  
Ogayu Yasushi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Welding Method ◽  
Engineering Society

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role of in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment, to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. This paper gives brief descriptions of three types of repair welding method, “Flaw excavation and repair welding”, “Butt-welded insert plates”, and “External fillet welded patches”, which welding methods are based on Chemical Plant Welding Research Committee of JWES.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 4—Weld Repair for Specific Materials - Stainless Steel, Clad Steel and Dissimilar Joints

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Okazaki ◽  
Rinzo Kayano ◽  
Takahisa Hoshika ◽  
Shinta Niimoto
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Weld Repair ◽  
Dissimilar Joints ◽  
Weld Overlay ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Clad Steel

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. This paper describes Part 4 of the guideline, which covers repair welding of stainless steel, clad steel, weld overlay and dissimilar joints.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 6—Material Degradation and Repair Welding

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Kiso ◽  
Rinzo Kayano ◽  
Eiki Nagashima ◽  
Yasuhiro Hara
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Damage Mechanisms ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Damaged Materials

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment, to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. This paper addresses the key points of repair welding for damaged materials, based on JWES’s guidelines. The various factors to be considered before implementing repair welding and typical methods of repair welding for the major damage mechanisms are summarized.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refinery and Chemical Plants: Part 3—Repair Welding for Specific Materials - Carbon Steel, High Tensile Steel and Cr-Mo Steel

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinzo Kayano ◽  
Masamitsu Abe ◽  
Yukio Hirai
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Weld Residual Stress ◽  
Natural Gas Industry ◽  
And Storage

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, The Japan Welding Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment [1], to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. Pressure equipments made from carbon steel, high tensile steel and Cr-Mo steels are utilized for high pressure services. The subject equipments are pressure vessels, heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks for petroleum, petrochemical and liquefied natural gas industry. This paper summarizes category and property of these steels and repair welding method including special attention. Especially, weld cold cracking for these steels could be prevented by controlling the repair welding and post-weld heat treatment process to reduce the hydrogen content, hardness and weld residual stress.

Guideline for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 5—Repair Welding for Specific Materials - Heat Resistance Alloy and Non-Ferrous Metals

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohisa Watanabe ◽  
Keisuke Shiga ◽  
Atsushi Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Resistance Alloy ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

It has been recognized that repair welding takes an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. Responding to the needs in petroleum and chemical industries, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published Guideline for repair welding of pressure equipment at 2009. This paper describes the key points of repair welding for heat resistance alloy and non-ferrous metals such as Nickel, Copper, Titanium and their alloys, based on JWES’s guidelines. Before implementing repair welding, it is important to understand the features of damaged materials, because these materials have been used at severe environment in plants.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 1—General

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Yamamoto ◽  
Takayasu Tahara ◽  
Yukinobu Matsushita ◽  
Fumiyoshi Minami
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Process Industries ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Typical Material

Responding to the needs in petroleum and chemical industries, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) has been worked to establish a repair welding guideline on pressure equipment in refineries, petrochemical and other process industries. As accomplishments, JWES published Guideline for Repair Welding on Pressure Equipment in 2009. The paper describes Part 1 of the guideline which covers typical material degradations of the pressure vessels, equipment diagnosis and role of repair welding and standard repair welding procedures.

Weld Repair for Pressure Vessels Made From Cr-Mo Steels

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinzo Kayano ◽  
Eiichi Yamamoto ◽  
Takayasu Tahara
Keyword(s):  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Weld Repair ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Repair Procedure ◽  
Past Experiences

Pressure vessels made from Cr-Mo steels are utilized for high temperature and high pressure services including hot hydrogen services. After long term operation, there are several past experiences of damages and/or degradation of materials such as temper embrittlement, creep embrittlement, hydrogen attack and hydrogen embrittlement. This paper summarizes typical damages/degradation and examples of weld repairs including special attention to development of weld repair procedure. The subject equipments are heavy wall petroleum pressure vessels made from Cr-Mo steel with austenitic stainless steel overlay cladding. Cracking could be prevented by controlling the repair welding process to reduce the hydrogen content at the interface. After repair welding, adequate post weld heat treatment (PWHT) has to be executed. Recently, repair welding has become an important aspect as part of post construction codes for pressure equipment to keep safe and long term continuous operation of the process plants because many of the plants have been operated for more than thirty years in Japan. Responding to the needs of petroleum and chemical industries, The Chemical Plant Welding Research Committee (CPWRC) of The Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) established the Pressure Equipment Repair Welding Subcommittee (PERW S/C) [1]. The S/C has developed optimum repair welding methods and procedures in the guideline on November 2009, with reference to the above investigation results. This paper also introduces the repair welding guideline for the pressure vessels made from Cr-Mo steels.

Financial Services and Investment Markets in a Low Inflationary Environment

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 851-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Nowell ◽  
J.R. Crispin ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
S.F. Margutti ◽  
A. Muldoon
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Term Insurance ◽  
Insurance Business ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTA working party was set up in February 1999 by the Research Committee of the Life Board to consider the impact of a low inflationary environment on the financial services and investment markets with particular emphasis on companies conducting long-term insurance business.The working party has produced an interim report which reviews the causes of the present expectation of low inflation and discusses evidence from the past and the role of demographics. It considers issues surrounding the composition of the retail price index, appropriate economic assumptions and the impact on investment markets, including the effect of charges on net returns to savers. The position of long-term insurance business is then considered in more detail, looking at HM Treasury return consequences as well as disclosure and product design features. Finally, there are two investigations, the first looking at the effect of low inflation on the achieved profits derived from different product designs, and the second looking at the changes in ruin probability for a with-profits office associated with declining inflation.

Abusive head trauma (AHT) outcome at long-term follow-up and the role of elective neurosurgical approach: A report of 22 cases

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Menegazzo ◽  
Melissa Rosa Rizzotto ◽  
Martina Bua ◽  
Luisa Pinello ◽  
Elisabetta Tono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Trauma ◽  
Abusive Head Trauma ◽  
Long Term Follow Up
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