Guideline for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 5—Repair Welding for Specific Materials - Heat Resistance Alloy and Non-Ferrous Metals

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohisa Watanabe ◽  
Keisuke Shiga ◽  
Atsushi Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Resistance Alloy ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

It has been recognized that repair welding takes an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. Responding to the needs in petroleum and chemical industries, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published Guideline for repair welding of pressure equipment at 2009. This paper describes the key points of repair welding for heat resistance alloy and non-ferrous metals such as Nickel, Copper, Titanium and their alloys, based on JWES’s guidelines. Before implementing repair welding, it is important to understand the features of damaged materials, because these materials have been used at severe environment in plants.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 6—Material Degradation and Repair Welding

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Kiso ◽  
Rinzo Kayano ◽  
Eiki Nagashima ◽  
Yasuhiro Hara
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Damage Mechanisms ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Damaged Materials

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment, to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. This paper addresses the key points of repair welding for damaged materials, based on JWES’s guidelines. The various factors to be considered before implementing repair welding and typical methods of repair welding for the major damage mechanisms are summarized.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 2—Repair Welding Method

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Shiga ◽  
Yukio Hirai ◽  
Ogayu Yasushi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Welding Method ◽  
Engineering Society

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role of in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment, to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. This paper gives brief descriptions of three types of repair welding method, “Flaw excavation and repair welding”, “Butt-welded insert plates”, and “External fillet welded patches”, which welding methods are based on Chemical Plant Welding Research Committee of JWES.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 4—Weld Repair for Specific Materials - Stainless Steel, Clad Steel and Dissimilar Joints

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Okazaki ◽  
Rinzo Kayano ◽  
Takahisa Hoshika ◽  
Shinta Niimoto
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Weld Repair ◽  
Dissimilar Joints ◽  
Weld Overlay ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Clad Steel

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. This paper describes Part 4 of the guideline, which covers repair welding of stainless steel, clad steel, weld overlay and dissimilar joints.

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refinery and Chemical Plants: Part 3—Repair Welding for Specific Materials - Carbon Steel, High Tensile Steel and Cr-Mo Steel

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinzo Kayano ◽  
Masamitsu Abe ◽  
Yukio Hirai
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Weld Residual Stress ◽  
Natural Gas Industry ◽  
And Storage

It has been recognized that repair welding plays an important role in the long term, safe operation of pressure equipment. In 2009, The Japan Welding Society (JWES) published guidelines for repair welding of pressure equipment [1], to meet the great need for the safe operation and proper maintenance of aging plants. Pressure equipments made from carbon steel, high tensile steel and Cr-Mo steels are utilized for high pressure services. The subject equipments are pressure vessels, heat exchangers, piping, and storage tanks for petroleum, petrochemical and liquefied natural gas industry. This paper summarizes category and property of these steels and repair welding method including special attention. Especially, weld cold cracking for these steels could be prevented by controlling the repair welding and post-weld heat treatment process to reduce the hydrogen content, hardness and weld residual stress.

Sales of Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals in Indian Markets: Some Supply Chain Issues

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Rahul Sharma ◽  
Kamal Vagrecha
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Complete Synchronization ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Business Functions ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Supply chain management embodies the complete synchronization of the business functions in an organization. It also involves the strategy across these business functions within a particular business and across businesses within the supply chain, for the purposes of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole<sup>7</sup>. Metal supply chains involves another peculiarity as most of the companies involved are bothered more about the sales volumes rather than giving attention to the improving their supply chains. Companies in this sector often tend to give more importance to product rather than customer aspirations. In order to stay competitive a business has to strengthen its supply chain so that it adds more and more value in its offerings to the customers. This is even more important as customers are increasingly demanding more value in the product they buy. This has led the businesses to make their supply chains flexible and responsive.

Review Lecture - The winning of non-ferrous metals, 1974

1974 ◽  
Vol 338 (1615) ◽  
pp. 419-437 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Extractive Metallurgy ◽  
Process Engineering ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Platinum Metals ◽  
Primary Metal ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

The primary-metal-producing industry, which is concerned with making metal from ore rather than from waste materials and scrap, is at present undergoing major changes in the technological processes and methods which are used. In both ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, application of the concepts and techniques generally described as ‘process engineering’ is having important effects on the design and operation of new manufacturing capacity. In non-ferrous extractive metallurgy there are, in addition, more fundamental changes taking place. Metals are being produced by using chemical reactions which have never before been employed for this purpose. There are several reasons why new processes and the new technology associated with their use are now being accepted by an industry which is by tradition extremely conservative. These reasons must be separately identified if the relative advantages of traditional and new methods of treating a particular ore are to be understood. It is convenient to outline first the kind of process generally referred to as ‘pyrometallurgical’ taking as an example an ore containing nickel, copper and platinum metals with gold.

Mechanism by Which Non-Ferrous Metals Corrode in the Atmosphere★

CORROSION ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. AZIZ ◽  
H. P. GODARD
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
The Common ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals

Abstract Literature dealing with the mechanism by which non-ferrous metals corrode in the atmosphere is reviewed, particular emphasis being given to the important series of papers published by W. H. J. Vernon and his co-workers in the period extending from 1923 to the present. The influence of the common atmospheric constituents is discussed and related to the chemical composition and properties of the corrosion produced film formed. The influence of these on the atmospheric corrosion rate is also discussed in relation to the nature of the corrosive atmosphere. The atmospheric corrosion of nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum and magnesium is discussed. 4.2.1

Guidelines for Repair Welding of Pressure Equipment in Refineries and Chemical Plants: Part 1—General

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Yamamoto ◽  
Takayasu Tahara ◽  
Yukinobu Matsushita ◽  
Fumiyoshi Minami
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Process Industries ◽  
Repair Welding ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Typical Material

Responding to the needs in petroleum and chemical industries, the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES) has been worked to establish a repair welding guideline on pressure equipment in refineries, petrochemical and other process industries. As accomplishments, JWES published Guideline for Repair Welding on Pressure Equipment in 2009. The paper describes Part 1 of the guideline which covers typical material degradations of the pressure vessels, equipment diagnosis and role of repair welding and standard repair welding procedures.

scholarly journals Simulation of combined reduction of iron and non-ferrous metals (nickel, copper, lead and zinc) from oxide melts by converted methane

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113-1125
Author(s):  
Alexander Vusikhis ◽  
◽  
Leopold Leontiev ◽  
Evgeniy Selivanov ◽  
Viktor Chentsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Phase ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Reduction Of Iron ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Copper Lead ◽  
Oxide Melts

The purpose of the article is to assess the application possibility of methane of various conversion methods (СО2, Н2О, О2) for combined reduction of iron and non-ferrous metals (nickel, copper, lead and zinc) from B2O3-CaO-Fe2O3-МеО oxide melts in the temperature range of 1273-1673 K. Thermodynamic modeling is carried out using a technique, which allows to estimate the variations in phase compositions depending on the amount of the reducing agent induced. The technique differs from the known ones by sequential calculation cycles with the removal of the formed gases and the metal phase from the working fluid composition. It is found that regardless of gas composition the process goes on in several stages. In the case of the combined reduction of iron and nickel (lead or zinc), the first stage is reduction of Fe2O3 to Fe3O4 and FeO. The content of Fe2O3 decreases, while the contents of FeO and Fe3O4 increase (at the end of the stage the content of Fe3O4 reaches its maximum value). At the second stage, there is the transition of Fe3O4 → FeO when the values of the contents of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 decrease to negligible values. The third stage features the manifestation of the metallic phase. In the case of the combined reduction of iron and copper, the process can be divided into three stages according to the variations of the content of iron oxides, and into two stages according to the variations of the content of CuO and Cu2O. The first stage of iron reduction ends at the moment when the content of magnetite reaches its maximum value, the second stage finishes when the metallic phase appears. The first stage of copper reduction includes the transition of CuO to Cu2O and achievement of the maximum value of Cu2O content. The second stage includes the reduction of copper from Cu2O. A gas with the increased content of hydrogen, which corresponds to methane steam reforming is shown to be the most effective reducing agent. The results obtained make it possible to predict the parameters of the metal reduction process during oxide systems bubbling by methane conversion products. The results will be useful for the development of technologies for selective reduction of metals.

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