Assessment of various scenarios for the development of mineral deposits in the region (as exemplified by the Republic of Tuva)

It is shown that Tuva has a sufficiently rich mineral and raw material diversity and the potential for their development. Nevertheless, the development of the republic is hindered by the existence of transport and infrastructure restrictions, to eliminate which, first of all, it is necessary to build a railway along the Kyzyl-Kuragino highway. On the other hand, given the border area of the territory that adjoins western Mongolia, there is a possibility of implementing various scenarios for the construction of railway tracks. The calculations performed to evaluate scenarios for the development of mineral resources of the republic using methods of intersectoral assessment shows that when implementing a pessimistic option for the development of the potential of mineral resources of Tuva (in which the construction of the railway to Tuva is frozen and only deposits of non-ferrous metals and gold are developed), the gross regional product of the republic will grow to 164 billion rubles, which will be 45% of the growth of this indicator in relation to the GRP of 2018. With the implementation of the optimistic option I, (in which it is planned to build a railway along the Kuragino-Kyzyl highway, coal deposits, non-ferrous metals, gold are being developed), the GRP of the republic will grow up to 351 billion rubles. In addition, calculations have been made for the construction of railways that would connect Tuva with Mongolia and China.

Pengaruh penambahan Silikon pada remelting piston motor bekas menggunakan tungku induksi terhadap kekuatan tarik dan kekerasan

Aluminum is one of the most widely used non-ferrous metals in industry and engineering because of its light weight and resistance to corrosion. The purpose of this study is to change the waste of used motor pistons using an induction furnace by recycling or remelting the material and adding a mixture of silicon with variations of 8%, 10% and 12% to improve its mechanical properties. In this research, I used the main furnace for the smelting. The results of this study in the tensile test showed that the strength and wear strength increased with the addition of silicon elements but became brittle and stiff this happened because the value of the elastic modulus decreased with the addition of silkon elements, namely at 12% at 1.06 N/mm² and at a variation of 8 % of 1.13 N/mm². In the hardness test, it was found that the addition of silicon to aluminum with variations of 8%, 10% and 12% increased the hardness of the material.

Components’ Characterization of End-of-Life Dishwashers

The treatment of Wastes of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is a significant source of secondary raw materials. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals, electronic equipment, and plastics are among these materials. One of the most common metals sourced out of WEEE is stainless steel. Dishwashers are common sources of stainless steel, so large amounts of stainless steel can be recovered from them. In this project, dishwashers were submitted to size reduction via shredding, and the shredded products went through a magnetic separator (which separates all the magnetic ferrous components), an eddy current sensor (which separates all the non-ferrous components) and an induction sorting sensor (which removed all the metallic fractions). This procedure led to the following two streams: one with stainless steel, boards, and cables and another stream mainly including plastic. In the next stage, the stainless-steel stream passed through a high-intensity magnetic separator, leading to a magnetic and a non-magnetic stream. Thereafter, hand sorting was applied to both streams which aimed to increase the recovery from each stream.

Manufacturing Complexes for the Non-Ferrous Metals Processing of the Golden Horde Cities: Search for Analogies

The article is devoted to the Golden Horde complexes associated with the processing of non-ferrous metals and the organization of handicraft production. Historiography has repeatedly voiced the significant role of the masters of the conquered territories in the formation of the metalworking production of the Golden Horde. In the article the characteristic features of the Golden Horde craft complexes are considered in comparison with similar complexes of Kievan Rus cities, as well as with some traditions of the organization of Central Asian craft. Data from workshops of Tsarevskoe, Uvekskoe, Bolgarskoe settlements, Staryy Orhey were brought in. The complexes are considered in terms of such parameters as location in the city planning system, type of structure, presence of smelting furnaces and hydraulic structures, set of production, range of products and coexistence with other industries. It is noted that in the cities of the Golden Horde there are various forms of organization of metalworking crafts, small workshops in craft districts and complex workshops functioning within household plots. The workshops location is not clearly defined; in general, they do not form specialized areas. The structures in which the workshops operate have no design features and may not contain heat engineering structures. Workshops for the processing of non-ferrous metals most often function in conjunction with bone carving and pottery production, less often in a composition with leather, glass making, and gemstone processing. This is significantly different from the situation in Kievan Rus cities, where the processing of non-ferrous metals is most often combined in various forms with the processing of ferrous metals. The handicraft complexes of the Golden Horde cities demonstrate a wide variety of forms, and most of them find their analogies in the materials of ancient Russian cities, therefore, it is difficult to single out specific features indicating possible genetic connections.

Features of The Processes of Clinker Formation When Using Solid Waste From Caprolactic Production As A Mineralizer

The possibility of using a soda-sulfate mixture - an alkaline waste from the production of caprolactam, as a mineralizing additive in a Portland cement raw mixture containing, as a silica-containing component, flotation tailings of the lead-concentrating plant of Almalyk MMC, has been studied. The effect of this additive on the processes of mineral formation during the synthesis of Portland cement clinker is shown. The possibility of additional recovery of residual non-ferrous metals - lead and copper - by sublimation and trapping of their chlorides has been established.

Environmentally Friendly Pyrometallurgical Scheme for Vacuum Separation of Non-Ferrous Metals from Waste Products in Incineration Plants

Residues from the municipal solid waste processed in incineration plants in European countries are an important raw material to obtain valuable components, including non-ferrous metals. State and private companies specializing in the processing of waste incineration slag as products most often receive concentrates of non-ferrous metals, which, on average, contain, in mass. %: 20÷60 Cu; 10÷30 Zn; 5÷15 Pb; ~ 1 Al; ~ 1 Sn; ~ 1 Fe, up to 50 g/t Аu and up to 3,000 g/t Ag. Concentrates are sent for processing to smelters without taking the cost of zinc into account. The paper presents the study on the separation of metallic zinc into a separate product (zinc concentrate) from the collective concentrate of non-ferrous metals by a vacuum-thermal method, the safest from the environmental point of view. The study was performed with non-ferrous metal concentrate of +0.3-0.8 mm in size, containing wt. %: 68.07 - Cu; 12.4 - Zn; 14.78 - Pb; 0.99 - Al; 1.2 - Sn; 0.15 - Fe, up to 2.0 kg/t - Ag. The material was heat treated at 800÷900℃ with the residual pressure in the system of less than 0.13 kPa. Zinc concentrate was obtained, containing more than 96% of the main component. At the same time, the Cu content increased by 14.09% in the residue from the heat-vacuum treatment. Other metals (Pb, Al, Sn) including noble metals were also concentrated in the residue. The results of the study show that it is possible to separate zinc into a separate product from non-ferrous metal concentrates containing more than 10% Zn in the initial material by the proposed method.