DT-MRI Based Numerical Simulation of Collagen Fiber Deformation in Human Articular Cartilage

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Pierce ◽  
Werner Trobin ◽  
Siegfried Trattnig ◽  
Horst Bischof ◽  
Gerhard A. Holzapfel
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Fiber Deformation ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
High Level

Within the articular cartilage (composed of fluid, electrolytes, chondrocytes, collagen fibers, proteoglycans and other glycoproteins) fibers of predominantly Type II collagen provide tensile strength and stiffness to the solid phase, a proteoglycan gel. Collagen fibers exhibit a high level of structural organization usually consisting of three sub-tissue zones: (i) a superficial tangent zone with fibers which are tangential to the articular surface, (ii) a middle zone with fibers isotropically oriented, (iii) a deep zone with fibers oriented perpendicular to the subchondral bone [1]. Given the importance of this collagen fiber fabric in the mechanical properties of articular cartilage, many destructive and nondestructive experimental methods have been pursued to characterize fiber orientation and density.

A Review of the Collagen Orientation in the Articular Cartilage

Cartilage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194760352098877
Author(s):  
Roy D. Bloebaum ◽  
Andrew S. Wilson ◽  
William N. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Deep Zone ◽  
Collagen Fiber Orientation ◽  
Critical Point Drying

Objective There has been a debate as to the alignment of the collagen fibers. Using a hand lens, Sir William Hunter demonstrated that the collagen fibers ran perpendicular and later aspects were supported by Benninghoff. Despite these 2 historical studies, modern technology has conflicting data on the collagen alignment. Design Ten mature New Zealand rabbits were used to obtain 40 condyle specimens. The specimens were passed through ascending grades of alcohol, subjected to critical point drying (CPD), and viewed in the scanning electron microscope. Specimens revealed splits from the dehydration process. When observing the fibers exposed within the opening of the splits, parallel fibers were observed to run in a radial direction, normal to the surface of the articular cartilage, radiating from the deep zone and arcading as they approach the surface layer. After these observations, the same samples were mechanically fractured and damaged by scalpel. Results The splits in the articular surface created deep fissures, exposing parallel bundles of collagen fibers, radiating from the deep zone and arcading as they approach the surface layer. On higher magnification, individual fibers were observed to run parallel to one another, traversing radially toward the surface of the articular cartilage and arcading. Mechanical fracturing and scalpel damage induced on the same specimens with the splits showed randomly oriented fibers. Conclusion Collagen fiber orientation corroborates aspects of Hunter’s findings and compliments Benninghoff. Investigators must be aware of the limits of their processing and imaging techniques in order to interpret collagen fiber orientation in cartilage.

DT-MRI Based Computation of Collagen Fiber Deformation in Human Articular Cartilage: A Feasibility Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2447-2463 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Pierce ◽  
Werner Trobin ◽  
José G. Raya ◽  
Siegfried Trattnig ◽  
Horst Bischof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Fiber Deformation

On the Natural Lubrication of Synovial Joints: Normal and Degenerate

1977 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Mansour ◽  
Van C. Mow
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Moving Load ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Elastic Solid ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Synovial Joints

Fluid flow and mass transport mechanisms associated with articular cartilage function are important biomechanical processes of normal and pathological synovial joints. A three-layer permeable, two-phase medium of an incompressible fluid and a linear elastic solid are used to model the flow and deformational behavior of articular cartilage. The frictional resistance of the relative motion of the fluid phase with respect to the solid phase is given by a linear diffusive dissipation term. The subchondral bony substrate is represented by an elastic solid. The three-layer model of articular cartilage is chosen because of the known histological, ultrastructural, and biomechanical variations of the tissue properties. The calculated flow field shows that for material properties of normal healthy articular cartilage the tissue creates a naturally lubricated surface. The movement of the interstitial fluid at the surface is circulatory in manner, being exuded in front and near the leading half of the moving surface load and imbibed behind and near the trailing half of the moving load. The flow fields of healthy tissues are capable of sustaining a film of fluid at the articular surface whereas pathological tissues cannot.

India Ink Pinprick Experiments on Surface Organization of Cricoarytenoid Joints

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel C. Kahane ◽  
Alice R. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cricoarytenoid Joint ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Fiber Organization

Collagen fiber organization in the articular surfaces of the cricoarytenoid joint (CAJ) was studied using a pinpricking technique used in biomechanical research in orthopedics. Four male human formalin preserved specimens (3 months to 20 years) and 6 male freshly autopsied specimens (19 to 30 yrs) were studied. Specimens were dissected using the stereomicroscope. Distinctive patterns of articular cartilage slits reflect the orientation of collagen fibers in the cricoid and arytenoid articular surfaces. The orientation of the collagen fibers reinforces the articular surfaces along the principle path of CAJ motion. No age related differences were found. This suggests that the orientation of collagen fibers in the CAJ articular surfaces is prenatally determined rather than significantly influenced by postnatal mechanical factors.

scholarly journals Ageing and zonal variation in post-translational modification of collagen in normal human articular cartilage: The age-related increase in non-enzymatic glycation affects biomechanical properties of cartilage

1998 ◽  
Vol 330 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruud A. BANK ◽  
Michael T. BAYLISS ◽  
Floris P. J. G. LAFEBER ◽  
Alice MAROUDAS ◽  
Johan M. TEKOPPELE
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Collagen Network ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Age Related

A biomechanical failure of the collagen network is postulated in many hypotheses of the development of osteoarthritis with advancing age. Here we investigate the accumulation of non-enzymatic glycation (NEG) products in healthy human articular cartilage, its relation to tissue remodelling and its role in tissue stiffening. Pentosidine levels were low up to age 20 years, and increased linearly after this age. This indicates extensive tissue remodelling at young age, and slow turnover of collagen after maturity has been reached. The slow remodelling is supported by the finding that enzymatic modifications of collagen (hydroxylysine, hydroxylysylpyridinoline, and lysylpyridinoline) were not related to age. The high remodelling is supported by levels of the crosslink lysylpyridinoline (LP) as a function of distance from the articular surface. LP was highest at the surface in mature cartilage (> 20 years), whereas in young cartilage (< 10 years) the opposite was seen; highest levels were close to the bone. LP levels in cartilage sections at age 14 years are high at the surface and close to the bone, but they are low in the middle region. This indicates that maturation of cartilage in the second decade of life starts in the upper half of the tissue, and occurs last in the tissue close to the bone. The effect of NEG products on instantaneous deformation of cartilage was investigated as a functional of topographical variations in pentosidine levels in vivo and in relation to in vitro induced NEG. Consistently, higher pentosidine levels were associated with a stiffer collagen network. A stiffer and more crosslinked collagen network may become more brittle and more prone to fatigue.

scholarly journals Maturating Articular Cartilage Can Induce Ectopic Joint-Like Structures in Neonatal Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-382
Author(s):  
Shinichirou Miura ◽  
Rio Tsutsumi ◽  
Kiyokazu Agata ◽  
Tetsuya Endo
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Proximal Fragment ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cut Edge ◽  
Neonatal Mice ◽  
Distal Interphalangeal ◽  
Zonal Organization ◽  
Inductive Signals

Abstract Osteoarthritis is a huge health burden to our society. Seeking for potential ways to induce regeneration of articular cartilage (AC) that is intrinsically limited, we focused on the interaction between two opposing joints. To evaluate the role of the interaction of opposing regions of AC for joint maturation, we amputated digits at the distal interphalangeal level without injuring the articular surface of the intermediate phalanx (P2) and observed that the zonal organization of AC was defective. We then removed the P2 bone without injuring the articular surface of the proximal phalanx (P1), and the remaining part of the digit was amputated near the distal interphalangeal level. The distribution pattern of type II collagen and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) suggested that maturation of AC in P1 was delayed. These two experiments suggested that an interaction between the opposing AC in a joint is necessary for maturation of the zonal organization of AC in neonatal digits. To test if an interaction of the joints is sufficient to induce articular cartilage, a proximal fragment of P2 was resected, inverted, and put back into the original location. Newly formed cartilage was induced at the interface region between the AC of the inverted graft and the cut edge of the distal part of P2. Type II collagen and PRG4 were expressed in the ectopic cartilage in a similar manner to normal AC, indicating that neonatal AC can induce ectopic joint-like structures in mice comparable with what has been reported in newts and frogs. These results suggest that the neonatal joint could be a source of inductive signals for regeneration of AC. Lay Summary In this study, we experimentally show that neonatal mice appear to have the capacity to regenerate articular cartilage (AC) in digits. It is already known that mice can regenerate a digit tip after amputation, but do not regenerate in response to amputations at more proximal levels. Therefore, it has been thought that mammalian joint structures are non-regenerative. However, we found that normal digit AC can induce AC-like structures in a non-joint region when it is placed next to the cut edge of a bone, suggesting that the normal AC has regenerative capacity in certain situations in neonatal mice. Future Works Joint disorders are a huge health problem of our society. The results of this study suggest that neonatal AC could be a potential source of inductive signals for regeneration of AC. The discovery of these inductive signals will aid in developing regenerative therapies of a joint in human.

scholarly journals Increased type II collagen cleavage by cathepsin K and collagenase activities with aging and osteoarthritis in human articular cartilage

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. R113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria M Dejica ◽  
John S Mort ◽  
Sheila Laverty ◽  
John Antoniou ◽  
David J Zukor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Type Ii

scholarly journals In situ zymographic localisation of type II collagen degrading activity in osteoarthritic human articular cartilage

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Freemont ◽  
R J Byers ◽  
Y O Taiwo ◽  
J A Hoyland
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Type Ii

scholarly journals Comparison of Compressive Stress-Relaxation Behavior in Osteoarthritic (ICRS Graded) Human Articular Cartilage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
David M. Pierce ◽  
Vidar Isaksen ◽  
Catharina de Lange Davies ◽  
Jon O. Drogset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Relaxation Behavior ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Osteoarthritic Cartilage ◽  
Human Cartilage ◽  
Stress Relaxation Behavior

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder found mostly in elderly people. The role of mechanical behavior in the progression of OA is complex and remains unclear. The stress-relaxation behavior of human articular cartilage in clinically defined osteoarthritic stages may have importance in diagnosis and prognosis of OA. In this study we investigated differences in the biomechanical responses among human cartilage of ICRS grades I, II and III using polymer dynamics theory. We collected 24 explants of human articular cartilage (eight each of ICRS grade I, II and III) and acquired stress-relaxation data applying a continuous load on the articular surface of each cartilage explant for 1180 s. We observed a significant decrease in Young&rsquo;s modulus, stress-relaxation time, and stretching exponent in advanced stages of OA (ICRS grade III). The stretch exponential model indicated that significant loss in hyaluronic acid polymer might be the reason for the loss of proteoglycan in advanced OA. This work encourages further biomechanical modelling of osteoarthritic cartilage utilizing these data as input parameters to enhance the fidelity of computational models aimed at revealing how mechanical behaviors play a role in pathogenesis of OA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document