A Theoretical Assessment of the Influence of Myosin Filament Dispersion on Smooth Muscle Contraction

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kroon
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Strain Energy Function ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Myosin Filament ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue ◽  
Active Stress ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Myosin Filaments

A new constitutive model for the biomechanical behavior of smooth muscle tissue is employed to investigate the influence of statistical dispersion in the orientation of myosin filaments. The number of activated cross-bridges between the actin and myosin filaments governs the contractile force generated by the muscle and also the contraction speed. A strain-energy function is used to describe the mechanical behavior of the smooth muscle tissue. The predictions from the constitutive model are compared to histological and isometric tensile test results for smooth muscle tissue from swine carotid artery. In order to be able to predict the active stress at different muscle lengths, a filament dispersion significantly larger than the one observed experimentally was required. Furthermore, a comparison of the predicted active stress for a case of uniaxially oriented myosin filaments and a case of filaments with a dispersion based on the experimental histological data shows that the difference in generated stress is noticeable but limited. Thus, the results suggest that myosin filament dispersion alone cannot explain the increase in active muscle stress with increasing muscle stretch.

A collagen matrix derived from bladder can be used to engineer smooth muscle tissue

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung-Soo Kim ◽  
Anthony Atala ◽  
James J. Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue

Mechanism of partial adaptation in airway smooth muscle after a step change in length

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 569-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Ali ◽  
Leslie Chin ◽  
Peter D. Paré ◽  
Chun Y. Seow
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Intermediate State ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Myosin Filament ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
Myosin Filaments ◽  
Partial Adaptation ◽  
Static Conditions

The phenomenon of length adaptation in airway smooth muscle (ASM) is well documented; however, the underlying mechanism is less clear. Evidence to date suggests that the adaptation involves reassembly of contractile filaments, leading to reconfiguration of the actin filament lattice and polymerization or depolymerization of the myosin filaments within the lattice. The time courses for these events are unknown. To gain insights into the adaptation process, we examined ASM mechanical properties and ultrastructural changes during adaptation. Step changes in length were applied to isolated bundles of ASM cells; changes in force, shortening velocity, and myosin filament mass were then quantified. A greater decrease in force was found following an acute decrease in length, compared with that of an acute increase in length. A decrease in myosin filament mass was also found with an acute decrease in length. The shortening velocity measured immediately after the length change was the same as that measured after the muscle had fully adapted to the new length. These observations can be explained by a model in which partial adaptation of the muscle leads to an intermediate state in which reconfiguration of the myofilament lattice occurred rapidly, followed by a relatively slow process of polymerization of myosin filaments within the lattice. The partially adapted intermediate state is perhaps more physiologically relevant than the fully adapted state seen under static conditions, and it simulates a more realistic behavior for ASM in vivo.

scholarly journals Force maintenance and myosin filament assembly regulated by Rho-kinase in airway smooth muscle

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (1) ◽  
pp. L1-L10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Lan ◽  
Linhong Deng ◽  
Graham M. Donovan ◽  
Leslie Y. M. Chin ◽  
Harley T. Syyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Myosin Filament ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Kinase Inhibition ◽  
Myosin Filaments ◽  
Force Maintenance

Smooth muscle contraction can be divided into two phases: the initial contraction determines the amount of developed force and the second phase determines how well the force is maintained. The initial phase is primarily due to activation of actomyosin interaction and is relatively well understood, whereas the second phase remains poorly understood. Force maintenance in the sustained phase can be disrupted by strains applied to the muscle; the strain causes actomyosin cross-bridges to detach and also the cytoskeletal structure to disassemble in a process known as fluidization, for which the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. In the present study we investigated the ability of airway smooth muscle to maintain force after the initial phase of contraction. Specifically, we examined the roles of Rho-kinase and protein kinase C (PKC) in force maintenance. We found that for the same degree of initial force inhibition, Rho-kinase substantially reduced the muscle's ability to sustain force under static conditions, whereas inhibition of PKC had a minimal effect on sustaining force. Under oscillatory strain, Rho-kinase inhibition caused further decline in force, but again, PKC inhibition had a minimal effect. We also found that Rho-kinase inhibition led to a decrease in the myosin filament mass in the muscle cells, suggesting that one of the functions of Rho-kinase is to stabilize myosin filaments. The results also suggest that dissolution of myosin filaments may be one of the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of fluidization. These findings can shed light on the mechanism underlying deep inspiration induced bronchodilation.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural Pathology of Smooth Muscle Tissue Surrounding Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (S02) ◽  
pp. 1400-1401
Author(s):  
H.J. Finol ◽  
T. Gledhill ◽  
D. Parada ◽  
C. López ◽  
O. Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Prostatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Pathology

scholarly journals Contact between Cd4+ T Cells and Smooth Muscle Tissue Enhances Contractile Function

2013 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 452a-453a
Author(s):  
Oleg S. Matusovsky ◽  
Emily M. Nakada ◽  
Linda Kachmar ◽  
Elizabeth Fixman ◽  
Anne-Marie Lauzon
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue
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