Characterization of the distribution of water vapour for DInSAR studies on the volcanic island of Tenerife, Canary Islands

This study aimed to disentangle the structure, composition, and co-occurrence relationships of the banana (cv. Dwarf Cavendish) root endophytome comparing two phenological plant stages: mother plants and suckers. Moreover, a collection of culturable root endophytes (>1000) was also generated from Canary Islands. In vitro antagonism assays against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) races STR4 and TR4 enabled the identification and characterization of potential biocontrol agents (BCA). Eventually, three of them were selected and evaluated against Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) together with the well-known BCA Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 under controlled conditions. Culturable and non-culturable (high-throughput sequencing) approaches provided concordant information and showed low microbial diversity within the banana root endosphere. Pseudomonas appeared as the dominant genus and seemed to play an important role in the banana root endophytic microbiome according to co-occurrence networks. Fungal communities were dominated by the genera Ophioceras, Cyphellophora, Plecosphaerella, and Fusarium. Overall, significant differences were found between mother plants and suckers, suggesting that the phenological stage determines the recruitment and organization of the endophytic microbiome. While selected native banana endophytes showed clear antagonism against Foc strains, their biocontrol performance against FWB did not improve the outcome observed for a non-indigenous reference BCA (strain PICF7).

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Morphological and genetic characterization of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces in the Canary Islands

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution ◽

10.1007/s10722-018-0726-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 465-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jenny Hagenblad ◽

Matti W. Leino ◽

Guacimara Hernández Afonso ◽

Desirée Afonso Morales

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Canary Islands ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L

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Extraction and characterization of pectin on green cincau (Premna oblongifolia) in edible film production

Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry ◽

10.13057/biofar/f080101 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

ARINDA KARINA RACHMAWATI ◽

R. BASKORO KATRI ANANDITO ◽

GODRAS JATI MANUHARA

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Water Vapour ◽

Transmission Rate ◽

Edible Film ◽

Film Production ◽

Water Vapour Transmission Rate ◽

Coating Method ◽

Film Making

Rachmawati AK, Anandito RBK, Manuhara GJ. 2010. Extraction and characterization of pectin on green cincau (Premna oblongifolia) in edible film production. Biofarmasi 8: 1-10. The use of green cincau pectin was presumed to influence the result of edible film characteristics, i.e. thickness, solvability, elongation, tensile strength, and water vapour transmission (WVTR). The aims in this research were: (i) to find out the chemical characteristics of green cincau pectin on the physical (thickness and solvability) and mechanical properties (elongation and tensile strength), (ii) to determine the edible film inhibition of green cincau pectin against the water vapour transmission rate, and (iii) to find out the edible film capability in inhibiting the weight loss on green grape by wrapping and coating method. The five major steps in this research were material preparation (making green cincau powder and pectin extraction), the characterization of extraction result pectin, making edible film, edible film characterization, and edible film application. This research used a completely randomized design with twice replications in edible film making for each treatment concentration and twice replication for edible film characteristic testing in each edible film making replication. Variance analysis was used to analyze data, if there was a significant difference, it will be continued with a Duncan Multiple Range Test at a significance level of 0.05. The yield of green cincau powder and pectin were 27.5% and 15.2%, respectively. The extraction result pectin consisted of 5.09% water, 11.06% protein, 0.35% fat, 28.5% ash, 55.00% carbohydrate (by different), and 12.15% crude fiber. The increasing of pectin concentration tends to increase the thickness and tensile strength, but reduced the water vapour transmission rate. The lowest water vapour transmission rate occurred at the edible film with 30% pectin concentration. Its water vapour transmission rate was 0.317 g.mm/m2.hour. The green grape weight loss with a wrapping method was 0.0212 g/hour, and the green grape weight loss with a coating method was 0.0634 g/hour.

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Morphological and molecular characterization of the cyanobiont-bearing dinoflagellate Sinophysis canaliculata from the Canary Islands (eastern central Atlantic)

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/conf.fmars.2016.05.00048 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

García Portela María ◽

Riobó Agulla Pilar ◽

Rodríguez Hernández Francisco

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Canary Islands ◽

Central Atlantic ◽

Morphological And Molecular Characterization

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Characterization of the time evolution of the PBL structure and dry-layers based on the us of Raman Lidar measurements collected during HYMEX-SOP1

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-10701 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Donato Summa ◽

Paolo Di Girolamo ◽

Noemi Franco ◽

Benedetto De Rosa ◽

Fabio Madonna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Boundary Layer ◽

Water Vapour ◽

Planetary Boundary Layer ◽

Grid Point ◽

Laser Source ◽

Raman Lidar ◽

Water Vapour Concentration ◽

Vapour Concentration

The exchange processes between the Earth and the atmosphere play a crucial role in the development of the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). Different remote sensing techniques can provide PBL measurement with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Vertical profiles of atmospheric thermodynamic variables, i.e. &#160;temperature and humidity, or wind speed, clouds and aerosols can be used as proxy to retrieve PBL height from active and passive remote sensing instruments. The University of BASILicata ground-based Raman Lidar system (BASIL) was deployed in the North-Western Mediterranean basin in the C&#233;vennes-Vivarais site (Candillargues, Southern France, Lat: 43&#176;37' N, Long: 4&#176; 4' E, Elev: 1 m) and operated between 5 September and 5 November 2012, collecting more than 600 hours of measurements, distributed over 51 days and 19 intensive observation periods (IOPs). BASIL is capable to provide high-resolution and accurate measurements of atmospheric temperature and water vapour, both in daytime and night-time, based on the application of the rotational and vibrational Raman lidar techniques in the UV. This measurement capability makes BASIL a key instrument for the characterization of the water vapour concentration. BASIL makes use of a Nd:YAG laser source capable of emitting pulses at 355, 532 and 1064 nm, with a single pulse energy at 355nm of 500 mJ [1] .In the presented research effort, water vapour concentration was &#160;computed and used to determine the PBL height. [2]. A dynamic index&#160; included in the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 atmospheric reanalysis (CAPE, Friction velocity, etc.) is also considered and compared with BASIL resutls. ERA5 provides hourly data on regular latitude-longitude grids at 0.25&#176; x 0.25&#176; resolution at 37 pressure levels [3]. ERA5 is publicly available through the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS, https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu). &#160;In order to properly carry out the comparison, the nearest ERA5 grid point to the lidar site has been considered assuming the representativeness uncertainty due to the use of the nearest grid-point comparable with other methods (e.g. kriging, bilinear interpolation, etc.). More results from this&#160; measurement&#160; effort will&#160; be reported and discussed at the Conference.Reference[1] Di Girolamo, Paolo, De Rosa, Benedetto, Flamant, Cyrille, Summa, Donato, Bousquet, Olivier, Chazette, Patrick, Totems, Julien, Cacciani, Marco. Water vapor mixing ratio and temperature inter-comparison results in the framework of the Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment&#8212;Special Observation Period 1. BULLETIN OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ISSN: 2662-1495, doi: 10.1007/s42865-020-00008-3[2] D. Summa, P. Di Girolamo, D. Stelitano, and M. Cacciani. Characterization of the planetary boundary layer height and structure by Raman lidar: comparison of different approaches&#160; Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 3515&#8211;3525, 2013 www.atmos-meas-tech.net/6/3515/2013/doi:10.5194/amt-6-3515-2013[3] Hersbach et al. The ERA5 global reanalysis Hans&#160; https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803[3]

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Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Temperature and Gaseous Emission Inside a Gallery in An Active Volcanic Island (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

Pure and Applied Geophysics ◽

10.1007/s00024-019-02174-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 176 (8) ◽

pp. 3467-3485 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Torres-González ◽

David Moure-García ◽

Natividad Luengo-Oroz ◽

Víctor Villasante-Marcos ◽

Vicente Soler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Canary Islands ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

Volcanic Island ◽

Gaseous Emission ◽

Spatial And Temporal Analysis

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Development and recent evaluation of the MT_CKD model of continuum absorption

Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.2011.0295 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 370 (1968) ◽

pp. 2520-2556 ◽

Cited By ~ 202

Author(s):

Eli J. Mlawer ◽

Vivienne H. Payne ◽

Jean-Luc Moncet ◽

Jennifer S. Delamere ◽

Matthew J. Alvarado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Vapour ◽

Line Shape ◽

Mathematical Formulation ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Continuum Absorption ◽

Semi Empirical ◽

Vapour Molecule ◽

Primary Agent ◽

The Continuum

Water vapour continuum absorption is an important contributor to the Earth's radiative cooling and energy balance. Here, we describe the development and status of the MT_CKD (MlawerTobinCloughKneizysDavies) water vapour continuum absorption model. The perspective adopted in developing the MT_CKD model has been to constrain the model so that it is consistent with quality analyses of spectral atmospheric and laboratory measurements of the foreign and self continuum. For field measurements, only cases for which the characterization of the atmospheric state has been highly scrutinized have been used. Continuum coefficients in spectral regions that have not been subject to compelling analyses are determined by a mathematical formulation of the spectral shape associated with each water vapour monomer line. This formulation, which is based on continuum values in spectral regions in which the coefficients are well constrained by measurements, is applied consistently to all water vapour monomer lines from the microwave to the visible. The results are summed-up (separately for the foreign and self) to obtain continuum coefficients from 0 to 20 000 cm −1 . For each water vapour line, the MT_CKD line shape formulation consists of two components: exponentially decaying far wings of the line plus a contribution from a water vapour molecule undergoing a weak interaction with a second molecule. In the MT_CKD model, the first component is the primary agent for the continuum between water vapour bands, while the second component is responsible for the majority of the continuum within water vapour bands. The MT_CKD model should be regarded as a semi-empirical model with strong constraints provided by the known physics. Keeping the MT_CKD continuum consistent with current observational studies necessitates periodic updates to the water vapour continuum coefficients. In addition to providing details on the MT_CKD line shape formulation, we describe the most recent update to the model, MT_CKD_2.5, which is based on an analysis of satellite- and ground-based observations from 2385 to 2600 cm −1 (approx. 4 μm).

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Use of Mass Spectrometry to Determine the Diversity of Toxins Produced by Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa Species from Balearic Islands and Crete (Mediterranean Sea) and the Canary Islands (Northeast Atlantic)

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12050305 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 305 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pablo Estevez ◽

Manoëlla Sibat ◽

José Manuel Leão-Martins ◽

Angels Tudó ◽

Maria Rambla-Alegre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Canary Islands ◽

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Balearic Islands ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Toxic Compounds ◽

Madeira Archipelago ◽

Species Specific

Over the last decade, knowledge has significantly increased on the taxonomic identity and distribution of dinoflagellates of the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. Additionally, a number of hitherto unknown bioactive metabolites have been described, while the role of these compounds in ciguatera poisoning (CP) remains to be clarified. Ciguatoxins and maitotoxins are very toxic compounds produced by these dinoflagellates and have been described since the 1980s. Ciguatoxins are generally described as the main contributors to this food intoxication. Recent reports of CP in temperate waters of the Canary Islands (Spain) and the Madeira archipelago (Portugal) triggered the need for isolation and cultivation of dinoflagellates from these areas, and their taxonomic and toxicological characterization. Maitotoxins, and specifically maitotoxin-4, has been described as one of the most toxic compounds produced by these dinoflagellates (e.g., G. excentricus) in the Canary Islands. Thus, characterization of toxin profiles of Gambierdiscus species from adjacent regions appears critical. The combination of liquid chromatography coupled to either low- or high-resolution mass spectrometry allowed for characterization of several strains of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa from the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands. Maitotoxin-3, two analogues tentatively identified as gambieric acid C and D, a putative gambierone analogue and a putative gambieroxide were detected in all G. australes strains from Menorca and Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) while only maitotoxin-3 was present in an F. paulensis strain of the same region. An unidentified Gambierdiscus species (Gambierdiscus sp.2) from Crete (Greece) showed a different toxin profile, detecting both maitotoxin-3 and gambierone, while the availability of a G. excentricus strain from the Canary Islands (Spain) confirmed the presence of maitotoxin-4 in this species. Overall, this study shows that toxin profiles not only appear to be species-specific but probably also specific to larger geographic regions.

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