Changes in The Number of Mold and Acceptance Rate of Kappaphycus alvarezii Jelly Candy Packed with Edible Film Gelatin-CMC During Storage

This study aimed to analyze changes in the number of molds and the level of panelist acceptance of K. alvarezii jelly candy packaged using gelatin-CMC edible film during storage. The method used in this study is a laboratory experimental method which consists of two stages, namely preliminary research which aims to determine the best edible film formula to be used as jelly candy packaging and the main research to analyze changes in the number of molds and the level of acceptance of appearance, taste, aroma and texture of jelly candy that has been packaged using a gelatin-CMC edible film during storage. Storage for 60 days was converted to 15 days in a climatic chamber with a temperature of 40 ℃ and a humidity of 75%. Sampling was carried out every 3 days. The research design used linear regression to see the relationship between storage time and test parameters. The results of the preliminary study showed the best formula for edible film, namely 1% gelatin, 0.3% bees wax, 0.75% CMC, and 0.3% glycerol which resulted in a water vapor transmission rate of 18.60 g/m2/24 hours. The results of the main study showed that storage time had a moderate effect on mold. Mold was detected on the last day of observation, storage time had a very strong effect on the level of acceptance which decreased with storage time. The organoleptic value of jelly candy packaged using gelatin-CMC edible film was still acceptable to the panelists until the 36th day of storage.

PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG GLUKOMANAN DARI PATI UMBI PORANG (AMORPHOPHALLUS MUELLERI BLUME) SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR PEMBUATAN EDIBLE FILM

Bahan makanan pada umumnya sangat sensitif dan mudah mengalami penurunan kualitas. Bahan pengemas dari plastic banyak digunakan dengan pertimbangan ekonomis dan memberikan perlindungan yang baik dalam pengawetan. Penggunaan material sintetis tersebut berdampak pada pencemaran lingkungan, sehingga dibutuhkan penelitian mengenai bahan pengemas yang dapat diuraikan. Alternative penggunaan kemasan yang dapat diuraikan adalah menggunakan edible film. Edible film didefinisikan sebagai lapisan yang dapat dimakan yang ditempatkan di atas atau di antara komponen makanan, dapat memberikan alternative bahan pengemas yang tidak berdampak pada pencemaran lingkungan karena menggunakan bahan yang dapat diperbaharui dan harganya murah. Kandungan glukomanan pada umbi porang memiliki kemampuan membentuk lapisan film yang baik, biocompatibility yang baik, biodegradable serta memiliki kemampuan membentuk gel. Oleh karena itu umbi porang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan biopolimer atau biodegradable polimer. Edible film Glukomanan dan plasticizer gliserol dengan penambahan kitosan dibuat dengan proses pemanasan pada suhu 50oC dan pengeringan pada suhu 60oC. hasil terbaik edible film biodegradable diperoleh pada konsentrasi gliserol 3 ml dan glukomanan 3 gram dan memiliki nilai ketebalan 0,59 mm, nilai ketahanan air 25,229% dan nilai kemampuan terdegradasi 100%. Hasil spektrum FTIR terhadap edible film menunjukkan tidak adanya perubahan bilangan gelombang dari spektrum glukomanan, kitosan dan gliserol dengan gugus fungsi O–H, N–H dan C=O. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa edible film yang dihasilkan hanya berinteraksi secara fisik.

Making Edible Film from Jackfruit Seed Starch (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) with the Addition of Rosella Flower Extract (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) as Antioxidant

This study aims to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the edible film of jackfruit seed starch (Artocarpus heterophyllus) added with antioxidant rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa). The type of plasticizer used is glycerol. The best treatment in this study was the jackfruit seed edible film with the addition of rosella flower extract 3% (v/v) with the results obtained respectively for a thickness of 0.09 mm, tensile strength 0.003332 N/mm2, elongation percentage 126.36%, elasticity 0.002637 Kgf/mm2, pH 6.122, water absorption 61.67%, solubility 40%, water vapor transmission speed 0.6714 gram/hour m2, FTIR test results show that the process of making edible film in this research is the mixing process Physics, the shelf life of edible film at room temperature is 6 days and at cold temperatures is 8 days, and has antioxidant activity with an IC50 value 219.948 ppm. The addition of rosella flower extract enhances another benefit of edible film which functions as a food protector from the oxidation process (antioxidant).

ANTI-MICROBIC FOOD PACKAGING INNOVATION FROM WASTE BANANA SKIN AND DURIAN SEEDS

Edible film is a packaging that has the advantage of being easily degraded so that it does not cause environmental problems such as plastic waste which can pollute the environment. Edible film is considered to have good prospects for application in food ingredients, one of which is meat, because meat has a limited shelf life. The addition of antimicrobial ingredients to the edible film in the form of essential oil of basil leaves is useful for reducing microbial growth. The purpose of this study was to make edible films to extend the shelf life of frozen meat, utilize banana peels and durian seeds as the main ingredients for making edible films and use basil essential oil as an antimicrobial agent. The stages of activities carried out in this study included the preparation of raw materials for waste banana peels, durian seeds, and basil leaves. This stage includes the extraction process of each ingredient that produces pectin from banana peels, starch from durian seeds, and essential oil from basil leaves. Furthermore, the making of edible films from these raw materials varied the ratio between the mass of pectin and starch. The formed edible films were analyzed using FTIR, attractiveness test, and microbial growth testing by comparing meat coated with edible film and meat not coated with edible film. The characteristics of the edible film produced are 0.1 mm thick with a tensile strength value of 64.65 MPa - 75.34 MPa and a percent elongation value of 0.318% - 0.36%. The best edible film was produced at a ratio of 4: 1 (pectin: starch) with the addition of antimicrobials which had a film thickness of 0.1 mm with a tensile strength value of 75.34 MPa and 0.35% elongation percent.

Mechanical properties of edible film based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using starch as stabilizer

Edible film is a thin layer made of edible material as a packaging for food products. In the edible film production, required additional material that serves as stabilizer and plasticizer. This research aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the edible film-based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using some types of starch as a stabilizer. The starches used as stabilizers in making edible films were corn, cassava, and sago starch. Mechanical properties were measured include tensile strength, elongation at break, elasticity (Young’s modulus), and water holding capacity (WHC). The results showed that the thickness of corn, sago, and cassava starch was 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, and 0.11 mm, respectively. The mechanical properties of the edible film with corn, sago, and cassava starch as stabilizers namely a tensile strength (MPa) were 10.90; 15.90 and 61.92 respectively, elongation at break (%) were 8, 20, and 87, young’s modulus (MPa) were 13.48, 7.84 and 6.98, respectively and water holding capacity (g/g) were 34.26; 18.18 and 16.40 respectively. Therefore, the utilization of starch as a stabilizer in edible film can improve its mechanical properties.