Endmember detection in marine environment with oil spill event

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charoula Andreou ◽  
Vassilia Karathanassi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment

scholarly journals OIL SPILL INCIDENTS AND DISPERSANT APPLICATIONS IN KUWAIT

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Salah M. Al-Mazidi ◽  
Omar Samhan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACT Since the discovery of oil in Kuwait, most oil-related activities have been located along the coastline 50 km south of Kuwait City. Other related industrial activities have been developed in this area apart from oil and petroleum products export in order to diversify the national sources of income. For these reasons, the potential for large oil spills in Kuwait's marine environment is highest along the south coast, where oil refineries and exporting facilities are located. An average of 219 barrels of oil were spilled annually between 1979 and 1985, and 2,100 gallons of dispersants were used in cleanup operations. The majority of incidents involved less than 5 barrels of oil and 500 gallons of dispersants. Incidents involving more than 100 barrels of oil and 5,000 gallons of dispersants were confined to the Sea Island and Mina Al-Ahmadi North and South Piers. This distribution undoubtedly affects the concentration of petroleum residues in various components of the marine environment, resulting in an increase in tar ball density along this coast, reaching a maximum at Ras Az-Zor, and significantly higher levels of vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and oysters collected south of Mina Al-Ahmadi. The objective of this paper is to report on the number, volume, and frequency distribution of oil spill incidents in Kuwait and the usage of dispersants in cleanup operations. Vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations also are described as is the sensitivity of the southern coastal environment to oil spills. Recommendations have been made on how to conduct cleanup operations for any future oil spill incidents along the southern shoreline of Kuwait.

The Chemical Baseline as a Key to Defining Continuing Injury and Recovery of Prince William Sound

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Boehm ◽  
John S. Brown ◽  
David S. Page ◽  
William A Burns ◽  
Jerry M. Neff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Leading Indicators ◽  
Prince William Sound ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Constant Feature

ABSTRACT Studies of records and data pertaining to anthropogenic and natural sources of petroleum, and specifically of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), have indicated a generally constant background, with episodic input spikes of bioavailable PAH to the marine environment of Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. The Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) was one such PAH spike. However, hundreds of smaller spills, occurring prior to and since the EVOS, contribute a background of bioavailable petrogenic PAH to PWS. The widespread historical and contemporary uses of PWS by man have left chronic, sizeable, and widespread petrogenic and pyrogenic PAH fingerprints and bioavailable PAH at many locations in PWS. Evidence from mussel samples, taken both prior to and since EVOS, and from subtidal sediments, indicates that bioavailable PAH are a constant feature of the PWS system. While EVOS may continue to add some bioavailable PAH to highly localized areas, most PAH inputs to the PWS marine environment are unrelated to EVOS. Such findings indicate that biological, sublethal effects studies, which rely on tissue body burdens and biomarkers as leading indicators of continuing effects from EVOS (e.g. CYP1A-P450, etc.) may have been misinterpreted, as they are confounded by this easily detectable, significant, and continuing background of bioavailable PAH. Therefore measurements of exposure to PAH as indicating lingering effects from EVOS, 13 years after the spill, are speculative and ignore the baseline PAH from non-EVOS inputs.

Research on Marine Environmental Quality and Oil Spill Influence in Dagukou District of Tianjin Port

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2543-2546
Author(s):  
Feng Zou ◽  
Guang Yu Zhang ◽  
Ming Chang Li
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Marine Environmental

In this paper, marine environment in Dagukou district of Tianjin port is analyzed and evaluated. Marine oil spill accident is an important source of petroleum hydrocarbon in marine waters. So the simulation and forecasting of influence scope and trajectory of oil spill is a key means to obtain the hazard of oil spill to environmental protection target. A multi-module coupled oil spill model is constructed for simulating the influence scope and trajectory of oil spill, based on the coupling of the hydrodynamic model and wind field data.

One Operational Visual Method for Oil Spill Detection by SAR Image

2015 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
Peng Chen ◽  
Kai Guo Fan ◽  
Yan Zhen Gu ◽  
Ke Xu
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Sar Image ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Visual Method ◽  
Oil Spill Detection

SAR has been proven to be a useful tool for ocean oil spill detection due to its large coverage, independence of the day and night cycle and all-weather capability. In this paper, one operational visual method for oil spill detection using SAR image was performed and the oil spill key information, such as the location and coverage, has also been demonstrated. The results show that the operational visual method of oil spill detection by SAR image will play an important role in the marine environment protection.

scholarly journals Oceanobacter-related bacteria are important for the degradation of petroleum aliphatic hydrocarbons in the tropical marine environment

Microbiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 155 (10) ◽  
pp. 3362-3370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Teramoto ◽  
Masahito Suzuki ◽  
Fumiyoshi Okazaki ◽  
Ariani Hatmanti ◽  
Shigeaki Harayama
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Alkane Degradation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Tropical Sea ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Crude Oil Spill

Petroleum-hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were obtained after enrichment on crude oil (as a ‘chocolate mousse’) in a continuous supply of Indonesian seawater amended with nitrogen, phosphorus and iron nutrients. They were related to Alcanivorax and Marinobacter strains, which are ubiquitous petroleum-hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in marine environments, and to Oceanobacter kriegii (96.4–96.5 % similarities in almost full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences). The Oceanobacter-related bacteria showed high n-alkane-degrading activity, comparable to that of Alcanivorax borkumensis strain SK2. On the other hand, Alcanivorax strains exhibited high activity for branched-alkane degradation and thus could be key bacteria for branched-alkane biodegradation in tropical seas. Oceanobacter-related bacteria became most dominant in microcosms that simulated a crude oil spill event with Indonesian seawater. The dominance was observed in microcosms that were unamended or amended with fertilizer, suggesting that the Oceanobacter-related strains could become dominant in the natural tropical marine environment after an accidental oil spill, and would continue to dominate in the environment after biostimulation. These results suggest that Oceanobacter-related bacteria could be major degraders of petroleum n-alkanes spilt in the tropical sea.

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