The significant effects of bone structure on inherent patient-specific DXAin vivobone mineral density measurement inaccuracies

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Bolotin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Femoral neck fracture prediction by anisotropic yield criteria

2009 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Mohamed Tellache ◽  
Martine Pithioux ◽  
Patrick Chabrand ◽  
Christian Hochard
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Transversely Isotropic ◽  
Energy Criterion ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Distortion Energy ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Neck Fracture ◽  
Yield Behaviour ◽  
The Difference

The fracture risk due to osteoporosis, is undertaken with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) which is an average of bone mineral density measurement, without taking into account the bone structure. The objective of this study was an experimental test to solicit the human proximal femurs by a physiological configuration (one leg stance phase of walking). For this, transversely isotropic finite element models were developed from CT scan acquisition. The failure load assessment was insured by anisotropic yield behaviour criteria based on distortion energy criterion (Hill’s criterion) and taking into account the difference between tension and compression yield properties (Tsai–Wu’s criterion). The results found in this study showed the significance part of anisotropic yield behaviour of bone on proximal femur.

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density Measurements: Are they Worth While?

1996 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
D J Torgerson ◽  
C Donaldson ◽  
D M Reid
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Bone Density Measurement ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
Bone Mineral Measurements

Bone mineral density measurements have been criticized on the grounds that they are not a worth-while screening tool. In this paper we argue that bone mineral measurements can be an efficient diagnostic tool even if they are not of proven value for screening. There is complex relationship between the costs of a measurement, the intervention and the predictive value of the test all of which must be accounted for when assessing the value of a bone density measurement. For bone density measurements to be used for screening, a wider evaluation needs to be undertaken compared with that for their use as a diagnostic tool. We address some common objections, for example, that low compliance with screening would undermine efficiency, and show that these are not relevant. Evaluations of screening need to address issues that are likely to affect efficiency.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Failure in Conservatively Treated Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822098227
Author(s):  
Max J. Scheyerer ◽  
Ulrich J. A. Spiegl ◽  
Sebastian Grueninger ◽  
Frank Hartmann ◽  
Sebastian Katscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Fracture Development ◽  
Predict Treatment Failure

Study Design: Systematic review. Objectives: Osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases of the elderly, whereby vertebral body fractures are in many cases the first manifestation. Even today, the consequences for patients are underestimated. Therefore, early identification of therapy failures is essential. In this context, the aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the current literature with respect to clinical and radiographic findings that might predict treatment failure. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive, systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) checklist and algorithm. Results: After the literature search, 724 potentially eligible investigations were identified. In total, 24 studies with 3044 participants and a mean follow-up of 11 months (range 6-27.5 months) were included. Patient-specific risk factors were age >73 years, bone mineral density with a t-score <−2.95, BMI >23 and a modified frailty index >2.5. The following radiological and fracture-specific risk factors could be identified: involvement of the posterior wall, initial height loss, midportion type fracture, development of an intravertebral cleft, fracture at the thoracolumbar junction, fracture involvement of both endplates, different morphological types of fractures, and specific MRI findings. Further, a correlation between sagittal spinal imbalance and treatment failure could be demonstrated. Conclusion: In conclusion, this systematic review identified various factors that predict treatment failure in conservatively treated osteoporotic fractures. In these cases, additional treatment options and surgical treatment strategies should be considered in addition to follow-up examinations.

scholarly journals Topical co‐administration of zoledronate with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 can induce and maintain bone formation in the bone marrow environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Ueyama ◽  
Yoichi Ohta ◽  
Yuuki Imai ◽  
Akinobu Suzuki ◽  
Ryo Sugama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Left Femur

Abstract Background Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) induce osteogenesis in various environments. However, when BMPs are used alone in the bone marrow environment, the maintenance of new bone formation is difficult owing to vigorous bone resorption. This is because BMPs stimulate the differentiation of not only osteoblast precursor cells but also osteoclast precursor cells. The present study aimed to induce and maintain new bone formation using the topical co-administration of recombinant human BMP-2 (rh-BMP-2) and zoledronate (ZOL) on beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) composite. Methods β-TCP columns were impregnated with both rh-BMP-2 (30 µg) and ZOL (5 µg), rh-BMP-2 alone, or ZOL alone, and implanted into the left femur canal of New Zealand white rabbits (n = 56). The implanted β-TCP columns were harvested and evaluated at 3 and 6 weeks after implantation. These harvested β-TCP columns were evaluated radiologically using plane radiograph, and histologically using haematoxylin/eosin (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome (MT) staining. In addition, micro-computed tomography (CT) was performed for qualitative analysis of bone formation in each group (n = 7). Results Tissue sections stained with H&E and MT dyes revealed that new bone formation inside the β-TCP composite was significantly greater in those impregnated with both rh-BMP-2 and ZOL than in those from the other experimental groups at 3 and 6 weeks after implantations (p < 0.05). Micro-CT data also demonstrated that the bone volume and the bone mineral density inside the β-TCP columns were significantly greater in those impregnated with both rh-BMP-2 and ZOL than in those from the other experimental groups at 3 and 6 weeks after implantations (p < 0.05). Conclusions The topical co-administration of both rh-BMP-2 and ZOL on β-TCP composite promoted and maintained newly formed bone structure in the bone marrow environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Age on Bone Structure Parameters in Laying Hens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Masayoshi Yamada ◽  
Chongxiao Chen ◽  
Toshie Sugiyama ◽  
Woo Kyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Medullary Bone ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tibial Diaphysis

Changes in medullary and cortical bone structure with age remain unclear. Twenty Hy-Line W36 hens, 25 or 52 weeks of age, were euthanized, and both tibiae were collected when an egg was present in the magnum. Serial cross sections of the tibiae were stained with Alcian blue. The bones were scanned using micro-computed tomography. Trabecular width (Tb.Wi) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in 25-week-old hens, whereas medullary bone tissue volume (TV) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in 52-week-old hens. 25-week-old hens had significantly higher (p < 0.01) bone volume fraction (BVF = calcified tissue / TV). Moreover, the cortical bone parameters were significantly higher (TV and bone mineral content (BMC) at p < 0.05, and bone volume (BV) and BVF at p < 0.01) in younger hens. Open porosity and total porosity, which indicate less density, were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in older hens. Older hens showed significantly higher (p < 0.01) tibial diaphysis TV than younger hens. Younger hens had significantly higher (p < 0.01) BV, BVF and bone mineral density (BMD) of the tibial diaphysis. These findings reveal that reductions in medullary bone quality might be associated with age-related low estrogen levels and stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption by parathyroid hormone. Cortical bone quality decreased with enlargement of the Haversian canals and loss of volume, with a longer egg-laying period leading to osteoporosis.

Compromised Volumetric Bone Density and Microarchitecture in men with Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Ostertag ◽  
Georgios E Papadakis ◽  
Corinne Collet ◽  
Severine Trabado ◽  
Luigi Maione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Markers ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trabecular Microarchitecture ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Abstract Context Men with Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (CHH) and Kallmann syndrome (KS) have both low circulating testosterone and estradiol levels. Whether bone structure is affected remains unknown. Objective To characterize bone geometry, volumetric density and microarchitecture in CHH/KS. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting One tertiary academic French center. Patients and Controls 51 genotyped CHH/KS patients and 40 healthy volunteers were included. Ninety-eight percent of CHH/KS men had received testosterone and/or combined gonadotropins. Intervention(s) High-resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-pQCT), Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and measurement of serum bone markers. Main Outcome Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), cortical and trabecular microarchitecture. Results CHH and controls did not differ for age, BMI, vitamin D and PTH levels. Despite long-term hormonal treatment (10.8 ± 6.8 years), DXA showed lower areal BMD in CHH/KS at lumbar spine, total hip, femoral neck and distal radius. Consistent with persistently higher serum bone markers, HR-pQCT revealed lower cortical and trabecular vBMD as well as cortical thickness at the tibia and the radius. CHH/KS men had altered trabecular microarchitecture with a predominant decrease of trabecular thickness. Moreover, CHH/KS men exhibited lower cortical bone area, whereas total and trabecular areas were higher only at the tibia. Earlier treatment onset (before the age of 19 years) conferred a significant advantage for trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and trabecular vBMD at the tibia. Conclusion Both vBMD and bone microarchitecture remain impaired in CHH/KS men despite long-term hormonal treatment. Treatment initiation during adolescence is associated with enhanced trabecular outcomes, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis.

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