Energy flux streamlines versus acoustic rays for modeling an acoustic lens: Energy flow inside and in the focal region for a carbon dioxide filled spherical balloon in air

2014 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 2409-2409
Author(s):  
Cleon E. Dean ◽  
James P. Braselton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Focal Region ◽  
Acoustic Lens

scholarly journals Focusing fractional-order cylindrical vector beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
S.S. Stafeev ◽  
V.D. Zaitsev
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Focal Spot ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Vortex Beam ◽  
Incident Wavelength ◽  
Spot Center ◽  
Vector Beams ◽  
Linearly Polarized

By numerically simulating the sharp focusing of fractional-order vector beams (0≤m≤1, with azimuthal polarization at m=1 and linear polarization at m=0), it is shown that the shape of the intensity distribution in the focal spot changes from elliptical (m=0) to round (m=0.5) and ends up being annular (m=1). Meanwhile, the distribution pattern of the longitudinal component of the Poynting vector (energy flux) in the focal spot changes in a different way: from circular (m=0) to elliptical (m=0.5) and ends up being annular (m=1). The size of the focal spot at full width at half maximum of intensity for a first-order azimuthally polarized optical vortex (m=1) and numerical aperture NA=0.95 is found to be 0.46 of the incident wavelength, whereas the diameter of the on-axis energy flux for linearly polarized light (m=0) is 0.45 of the wavelength. Therefore, the answers to the questions: when the focal spot is round and when elliptical, or when the focal spot is minimal -- when focusing an azimuthally polarized vortex beam or a linearly polarized non-vortex beam, depend on whether we are considering the intensity at the focus or the energy flow. In another run of numerical simulation, we investigate the effect of the deviation of the beam order from m=2 (when an energy backflow is observed at the focal spot center). The reverse energy flow is shown to occur at the focal spot center until the beam order gets equal to m=1.55.

Tracing China’s energy flow and carbon dioxide flow based on Sankey diagrams

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiyin Wang ◽  
Pengtao Wang ◽  
Xiaomeng Xu ◽  
Lihui Dong ◽  
Honglai Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Flow

Tables of Rosseland mean opacities for candidate atmospheres of life hosting free-floating planets

Open Physics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorel Badescu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe existence of life on a free-floating planet is conditioned by the existence of an optically thick atmosphere. This may ensure the long-term thermal stability of a (liquid) solvent on the surface of that body. Requirements to be fulfilled by a hypothetic gas constituent of a free-floating planet atmosphere are studied. The four gases analyzed here (nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and ethane) are candidates. They may induce a higher opacity than molecular hydrogen, which has been considered in previous research. The paper deals with preparation of tables of Rosseland mean opacity values. Selection of the ranges of temperature and pressure is guided by life existence considerations. The range of temperatures involved (50 to 650 K) is lower than usually found in the literature. The tables may be useful for studies related to free-floating planets, where the usage of absorption opacity is a straightforward way to compute the energy flux in the atmosphere. Also, the results are useful in all cases where radiation is transferred through dense layers of the gases considered in this paper.

The energy flow for a spherical acoustic lens: ray vs. wave methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 3520-3520
Author(s):  
Cleon E. Dean ◽  
James P. Braselton
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Acoustic Lens ◽  
Wave Methods
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