Test Items and Standards Related to Flexibility/Range of Motion on the Brockport Physical Fitness Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Cord Injury

This manuscript provides information on the test items and standards used to assess flexibility and range of motion in the Brockport Physical Fitness Test. Validity, attainability, and reliability of the back saver sit and reach, the shoulder stretch, the modified Apley test, the modified Thomas test, and the Target Stretch Test are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the utility of these tests for youngsters with mental retardation and mild limitations in fitness, visual impairments (blindness), cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or congenital anomalies or amputations. Suggestions for future research are provided.

Test Items and Standards Related to Body Composition on the Brockport Physical Fitness Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Criterion Referenced

This manuscript examines the validity and reliability of the tests used to measure body composition in the Brockport Physical Fitness Test. More specifically, information is provided on skinfold measures and body mass index and their applicability to youngsters with mental retardation and mild limitations in fitness, visual impairment (blindness), cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or congenital anomalies or amputations. The rationale for criterion-referenced standards for these test items for youngsters with these disabilities is provided along with some data on attainability of those standards. Possible ideas for future research are recommended.

Test Items and Standards Related to Aerobic Functioning on the Brockport Physical Fitness Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Criterion Referenced ◽  
Selection Of

This article describes the procedures and rationale for the selection of test items and criterion-referenced standards associated with the aerobic functioning component of the Brockport Physical Fitness Test. Validity and reliability information is provided for the 1-mile run/walk, the PACER (16-m and 20-m), and the Target Aerobic Movement Test. The relevance of these test items and standards for youngsters with mental retardation and mild limitations in fitness, visual impairments (blindness), cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injuries, and for those with congenital anomalies or amputations is highlighted. Information on the attainability of the selected standards also is provided. Possible topics for future research are suggested.

Test Items and Standards Related to Muscle Strength and Endurance on the Brockport Physical Fitness Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Criterion Referenced ◽  
Selection Of

This manuscript provides information on the rationale for the selection of the muscular strength and endurance test items associated with the Brockport Physical Fitness Test for youngsters with mental retardation and mild limitations in fitness, visual impairment (blindness), cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or congenital anomalies or amputations. Information on the validity, attainability, and reliability of the 16 tests and their criterion-referenced standards is provided. Suggestions are made for future research.

scholarly journals Physical fitness in people with a spinal cord injury: the association with complications and duration of rehabilitation

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 932-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Haisma ◽  
J.B.J. Bussmann ◽  
H.J. Stam ◽  
T.A.R. Sluis ◽  
M.P. Bergen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cord Injury

The Influence of Visual Impairment on Physical Fitness Test Performance

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-731
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Partially Sighted

The Project UNIQUE Physical Fitness Test was administered to 686 normally sighted and 484 visually impaired subjects in the 10-17 age range. Significant differences favoring the normally sighted were found for each of the six test items. The severity of the visual impairment was a significant factor on the two running items. Partially sighted subjects made better scores than legally blind subjects on the 50-yard dash and long-distance run. No significant differences between partially sighted and blind subjects were found for the non-running items in the test battery (skinfolds, grip strength, sit-ups and sit and reach). Findings suggested that, depending upon the purpose of the assessment, physical fitness test scores of the visually impaired generally should be compared to specially designed norms and that, on the running items, separate norms should be utilized for the blind and partially sighted.

scholarly journals Spinal cord injury and male infertility—a review of current literature, knowledge gaps, and future research

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (S3) ◽  
pp. S373-S382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Anderson ◽  
Rachel Moses ◽  
Sara Lenherr ◽  
James M. Hotaling ◽  
Jeremy Myers
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Cord Injury

Physical fitness training for people with spinal cord injury

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiddy Davis ◽  
Senthil Kumaran D ◽  
Sreekumaran Nair ◽  
Vijayamuniraj J
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Fitness Training

scholarly journals Increased physical fitness after 4-week training on a new hybrid FES-cycle in persons with spinal cord injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J.C. Heesterbeek ◽  
H.W.A. Berkelmans ◽  
D.H.J. Thijssen ◽  
H.J.M. van Kuppevelt ◽  
M.T.E. Hopman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals All-cause and cause-specific mortality following non-traumatic spinal cord injury: evidence from a population-based cohort study in Switzerland

Spinal Cord ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Buzzell ◽  
◽  
J. D. Chamberlain ◽  
I. Eriks-Hoogland ◽  
K. Hug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
National Cohort

Abstract Study design Observational cohort study. Objective To benchmark all-cause and cause-specific mortality following NTSCI to the general population (GP). Setting Specialized rehabilitation centers in Switzerland. Methods Longitudinal data from the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury (SwiSCI) Medical Record study were probabilistically linked with cause of death (CoD) information from the Swiss National Cohort. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were estimated for all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Competing risk frameworks were used to estimate the probability of death due to specific CoD. Results One thousand five hundred and one individuals were admitted for first rehabilitation with NTSCI between 1990–2011; CoD information was available for 454 individuals of the 525 individuals that died. Overall, the mortality rate for persons with NTSCI was 1.6 times greater than that of the GP. Deaths due to cardiovascular disease (39.8%), neoplasms (22%), and infection (9.9%) were most often reported. Individuals with an SCI due to a vascular etiology indicated the greatest burden of mortality from infection compared with the GP (SMR 5.4; 95% CI, 3.1 to 9.2). Conclusions Cause-specific SMRs varied according to etiology. This supports the need for targeted clinical care and follow-up. Cardiovascular disease, neoplasms, and infection, emerged as main causes of death following NTSCI and should thus be targets for future research and differential clinical management approaches.

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