The Influence of Visual Impairment on Physical Fitness Test Performance

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-731
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Partially Sighted

The Project UNIQUE Physical Fitness Test was administered to 686 normally sighted and 484 visually impaired subjects in the 10-17 age range. Significant differences favoring the normally sighted were found for each of the six test items. The severity of the visual impairment was a significant factor on the two running items. Partially sighted subjects made better scores than legally blind subjects on the 50-yard dash and long-distance run. No significant differences between partially sighted and blind subjects were found for the non-running items in the test battery (skinfolds, grip strength, sit-ups and sit and reach). Findings suggested that, depending upon the purpose of the assessment, physical fitness test scores of the visually impaired generally should be compared to specially designed norms and that, on the running items, separate norms should be utilized for the blind and partially sighted.

scholarly journals Physical fitness test performance probability with increasing age: suggestions for practical applications in military physical training

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Jorge de Medeiros ◽  
João Victor Domingos Lourenço ◽  
Esteban Aedo-Muñoz ◽  
Diego Ignacio Vanenzuela Perez ◽  
Marco Antonio Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Age Range

Abstract This article analyzes the Physical Fitness Test (PFT) which is performed by the Brazilian Navy to check the physical parameters of its military members in order to present the performance of probabilities with increasing age. We analyzed 702 PFT data in this study, separated into three groups based on the age of those assessed by the PFT, as follows: young adults (YA, n=91, age range between 20-30 years), adults (A, n=243, age range between 30-40 years) and mature adults (MA, n=368, age range between 40-50 years old). PFT measurements were: Body Mass Index (BMI), 100 m freestyle swimming, 3,200 m running, 1 min sit-ups, Pull-up on the bar and Push-up test. The main results indicated significant differences between groups when compared Body mass (YA: 79.1±11.4kg and A: 82.1±14kg < MA: 84.1±12.3kg), BMI (YA: 25.4±2.9 < A: 26.4±4.3 < MA: 27.5±4),Pull-ups (YA: 10.8±4.6 freq./min < A: 10±3.6 freq./min < MA: 8.5±4.7 freq./min), 3,200 m running time (YA: 1282,1±172,4s < A: 1421±199.8s < MA: 1566.7±192.4s) and 100 m swimming time (YA: 140.1±45.6s < A: 149.7±37.9s < MA: 180.8±50s) and the regression analysis demonstrated that 3,200 m running and pull-ups were the most affected variable of aging process (p<0.05). In summary, it is possible to carry out a practical application, considering aging process and the decline of the aerobic capacity and the upper limbs strength-power in Military Physical Training.

Adolescent Physical Fitness: A Comparative Study

1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.X. Short ◽  
J.P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
And Gender

This study compares the physical fitness of 283 segregated resident (SR), 64 segregated nonresident (SN), and 137 integrated (IN) visually impaired subjects aged 10 to 17 years. Subjects were considered visually impaired if they met criteria for either partial sightedness or legal blindness. All subjects were administered the UNIQUE Physical Fitness Test. Test items included sum of the triceps and subscapular skinfolds, sum of right and left hand grip strength, sit and reach, sit-ups, 50-yard dash, and long distance run. Data were analyzed using multivariate ( p< .05) and univariate (p< .01) ANCOVA techniques. Educational environment, age, and gender served as independent variables, and severity of visual impairment served as the sole covariate. Results indicated that educational environment was a significant factor on four of the six items in the battery. Findings suggest that the physical fitness status of visually impaired adolescents may be influenced by their educational environment.

Test Items and Standards Related to Body Composition on the Brockport Physical Fitness Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Criterion Referenced

This manuscript examines the validity and reliability of the tests used to measure body composition in the Brockport Physical Fitness Test. More specifically, information is provided on skinfold measures and body mass index and their applicability to youngsters with mental retardation and mild limitations in fitness, visual impairment (blindness), cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or congenital anomalies or amputations. The rationale for criterion-referenced standards for these test items for youngsters with these disabilities is provided along with some data on attainability of those standards. Possible ideas for future research are recommended.

Test Items and Standards Related to Flexibility/Range of Motion on the Brockport Physical Fitness Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Cord Injury

This manuscript provides information on the test items and standards used to assess flexibility and range of motion in the Brockport Physical Fitness Test. Validity, attainability, and reliability of the back saver sit and reach, the shoulder stretch, the modified Apley test, the modified Thomas test, and the Target Stretch Test are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the utility of these tests for youngsters with mental retardation and mild limitations in fitness, visual impairments (blindness), cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or congenital anomalies or amputations. Suggestions for future research are provided.

Effects of Three Combinations of Plyometric and Weight Training Programs on Selected Physical Fitness Test Items

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Thomas Ford ◽  
John R. Puckett ◽  
James P. Drummond ◽  
Kenneth Sawyer ◽  
Kyle Gantt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Shuttle Run

To determine the effects of prescribed training programs on 5 physical fitness test items, each of 50 high school boys participated for 10 wk. in one of three programs (wrestling, softball, and plyometrics; weight training; and weight training and plyometrics). (a) On the sit-ups, 40-yd. dash, vertical jump, and pull-ups, each group improved significantly from pre-to posttest, (b) On the shuttle run, none of the groups improved significantly from pre- to posttest, (c) On the vertical jump, groups had a significant effect, but the interaction was nonsignificant. No effects were significant.

Physical Fitness of Adolescents with Auditory Impairments

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Winnick ◽  
Francis X. Short
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gender Performances ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Auditory Impairments ◽  
Age Range

The Project UNIQUE Physical Fitness Test was administered to 153 hard of hearing, 892 deaf, and 686 hearing subjects in the age range of 10 to 17 years to contrast their physical fitness status. Relatively few significant differences between groups were found. Only on the sit-up test did hearing subjects surpass the performance of at least one of the two auditory impaired groups in at least two of the three age groups contrasted. Although some gender and age interactions were found on other test items, no clear pattern relative to a comparison of hearing and auditory impaired groups occurred. Age and gender performances within the auditory impaired groups were similar to those expected of hearing groups.

Application Analysis of Physical Fitness Test Performance Management Based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1991-1999
Author(s):  
Dong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Ant Colony Algorithm ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Application Analysis

Objectives: With the continuous development of quality education in China, higher education pays more and more attention to the development of physical education. However, in the process of China’s development, there is a lack of corresponding evaluation system for physical fitness test results. Methods: Therefore, this paper proposes the analysis and research application of fitness test performance management based on ant colony algorithm. Firstly, it expounds the development status of physical education performance management. Results: Then, aiming at the corresponding shortcomings, this paper puts forward the application analysis of the fitness test performance management platform based on the mixed mode of cloud theory, and carries out a series of comprehensive tests on the system. Conclusion: According to the performance test of all aspects of the database, the test results show that the system is feasible.

Differences in Physical-Fitness Test Scores between Actively and Passively Recruited Older Adults: Consequences for Norm-Based Classification

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke J.G. van Heuvelen ◽  
Martin Stevens ◽  
Gertrudis I.J.M. Kempen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Giving Feedback

This study investigated differences in physical-fitness test scores between actively and passively recruited older adults and the consequences thereof for norm-based classification of individuals. Walking endurance, grip strength, hip flexibility, balance, manual dexterity, and reaction time were measured in participants age 57 years or older: 1 sample recruited through media announcements (passively recruited) and 1 sample recruited through personal contact (actively recruited). Classifications on a 5-point scale based on norms were cross-tabulated. Compared with the actively recruited sample, performance of the passively recruited sample was significantly better on all tests except, for women, hip flexibility and manual dexterity. Cross-tabulation of the 2 classifications showed that percentages of agreement varied from 27.4% to 87.4%. Cohen's Kappa varied from .11 to .84. Caution should be used when giving feedback on test performance and subsequently making physical activity recommendations if norms are based on the performance of passively recruited older adults.

Test Items and Standards Related to Aerobic Functioning on the Brockport Physical Fitness Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis X. Short ◽  
Joseph P. Winnick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Criterion Referenced ◽  
Selection Of

This article describes the procedures and rationale for the selection of test items and criterion-referenced standards associated with the aerobic functioning component of the Brockport Physical Fitness Test. Validity and reliability information is provided for the 1-mile run/walk, the PACER (16-m and 20-m), and the Target Aerobic Movement Test. The relevance of these test items and standards for youngsters with mental retardation and mild limitations in fitness, visual impairments (blindness), cerebral palsy, and spinal cord injuries, and for those with congenital anomalies or amputations is highlighted. Information on the attainability of the selected standards also is provided. Possible topics for future research are suggested.

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