Acute Creatine Supplementation and Performance during a Field Test Simulating Match Play in Elite Female Soccer Players

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Cox ◽  
Iñigo Mujika ◽  
Douglas Tumilty ◽  
Louise Burke
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Glucose Polymer ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance

This study investigated the effects of acute creatine (Cr) supplementation on the performance of elite female soccer players undertaking an exercise protocol simulating match play. On two occasions, 7 days apart, 12 players performed 5 X 11-min exercise testing blocks interspersed with 1 min of rest. Each block consisted of 11 all-out 20-m running sprints, 2 agility runs, and 1 precision ball-kicking drill, separated by recovery 20-m walks, jogs, and runs. After the initial testing session, subjects were assigned to either a CREATINE (5 g of Cr, 4 times per day for 6 days) or a PLACEBO group (same dosage of a glucose polymer) using a double-blind research design. Body mass (BM) increased (61.7 ± 8.9 to 62.5 ± 8.9 kg, p < .01) in the CREATINE group; however, no change was observed in the PLACEBO group (63.4 ± 2.9 kg to 63.7 ± 2.5 kg). No overall change in 20-m sprint times and agility run times were observed, although the CREATINE group achieved faster post-supplementation times in sprints 11, 13, 14, 16, 21, 23, 25, 32, and 39 (p < .05), and agility runs3,5,and8 (p < .05). The accuracy of shooting was unaffected in both groups. In conclusion, acute Cr supplementation improved performance of some repeated sprint and agility tasks simulating soccer match play, despite an increase in BM.

scholarly journals CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION AND PERFORMANCE DURING OFF-SEASON TRAINING IN FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Larson ◽  
G. R. Hunter ◽  
C. A. Trowbridge ◽  
J. C. Turk ◽  
P. A. Harbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
And Performance

Development of a Soccer Simulation Protocol to Include Repeated Sprints and Agility

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keeron J. Stone ◽  
Jonathan L. Oliver ◽  
Michael G. Hughes ◽  
Michael R. Stembridge ◽  
Daniel J. Newcombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Match Play ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Repeated Sprints ◽  
Soccer Match ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Simulation Protocol ◽  
And Performance

Existing procedures for the simulation of soccer match play fail to incorporate multidirectional and repeated-sprint activities, even though these movements are considered fundamental to match play. In the current study, selected physiological and performance responses were assessed during an adapted version of an existing soccer simulation protocol. Mean heart rates of 163 ± 14 beats·min–1, mean blood lactates of 4.9 ± 2.3 mmol·L-1 and decrements in single-sprint and repeated-sprint performances were observed. The presented adaptations to an existing soccer simulation protocol better reflect the movement characteristics as well as the physiological and performance responses of soccer match play.

scholarly journals The Effects of Protein and Carbohydrate Supplementation on Muscular Regeneration After Intense Resistance Training in Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1756-1756
Author(s):  
Eduard Isenmann ◽  
Patrick Diel ◽  
Stephan Geisler ◽  
Thorsten Schiffer
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Physiological Parameter ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Objectives Nutrition is a key element in post-exercise regeneration. Various studies suggest that ingestion of combined carbohydrates and proteins after exercise result in a decrease of inflammatory processes and consequently in an increase of regeneration and physical performance. Recent studies compared the pro-regenerative effects of protein/carbohydrate shakes with the intake of foodstuffs (white bread and high protein cheese) on the skeletal muscle after acute endurance exercise. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a conventional curd/juice shake on the regenerative capacity of soccer players after intensive strength training. Methods Therefore, sixteen young healthy in-season football payers run through a placebo checked double-blind crossover study with two groups. After a standardized training protocol, 3 sets of 12 reps deep back squats and 3 sets of 15 reps drop jumps, the participants ingested either a placebo shake (placebo-group, total calories &lt; 10 kcal) or a conventional shake of 300 g curd and 200 ml grape juice (protein 35.8 g, carbohydrates 43.6 g, fat 0.9 g, total calories 338 kcal). To evaluate the muscle damage effects, serum creatin kinase (CK) as a physiological parameter as well 10 m sprint, counter movement jump (CMJ) and 3RM-squat as functional markers were measured at two time points (t0, t24). In addition, the CK of five players was analysed after a soccer match. Results The results show a positive trend concerning sprint and squat performance in the shake group. Especially in the squat group a significant decrease of performance was observed in the placebo group compared to the shake group (PL: −5.0 kg, P ≤ 05, SH: −3,2 kg, P = .10). In CMJ and CK no difference was observed between the two groups. In both groups, the jump in CMJ decreased and the CK value increased significantly. The increase in CK due to intensive resistance training is also comparable to the muscle damage after a football match. Conclusions In summary, it was found that a quark/juice shake has a positive influence on strength performance in soccer players after intensive strength training. These findings confirm observations from previous studies. However, the positive effects on CK could not be observed in this study. Therefore, further research on conventional foodstuff after resistance training is necessary. Funding Sources No funding.

The Effects of Low– and High–Glycemic Index Foods on High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Little ◽  
Philip D. Chilibeck ◽  
Dawn Ciona ◽  
Albert Vandenberg ◽  
Gordon A. Zello
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance

The glycemic index (GI) of a pre exercise meal may affect substrate utilization and performance during continuous exercise.Purpose:To examine the effects of low- and high-GI foods on metabolism and performance during high-intensity, intermittent exercise.Methods:Seven male athletes participated in three experimental trials (low-GI, high-GI, and fasted control) separated by ~7 days. Foods were consumed 3 h before (~1.3 g·kg−1 carbohydrate) and halfway through (~0.2 g·kg−1 carbohydrate) 90 min of intermittent treadmill running designed to simulate the activity pattern of soccer. Expired gas was collected during exercise to estimate substrate oxidation. Performance was assessed by the distance covered on fve 1-min sprints during the last 15 min of exercise.Results:Respiratory exchange ratio was higher and fat oxidation lower during exercise in the high-GI condition compared with fasting (P < .05). The mean difference in total distance covered on the repeated sprint test between low GI and fasting (247 m; 90% confidence limits ±352 m) represented an 81% (likely, probable) chance that the low-GI condition improved performance over fasting. The mean difference between high GI and fasted control (223 m; ±385 m) represented a 76% (likely, probable) chance of improved performance. There were no differences between low and high GI.Conclusions:When compared with fasting, both low- and high-GI foods consumed 3 h before and halfway through prolonged, high-intensity intermittent exercise improved repeated sprint performance. High-GI foods impaired fat oxidation during exercise but the GI did not appear to influence high-intensity, intermittent exercise performance.

scholarly journals Repeated Sprints: An Independent Not Dependent Variable

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Taylor ◽  
Tom W. Macpherson ◽  
Iain R. Spears ◽  
Matthew Weston
Keyword(s):  
Team Sports ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Repeated Sprints ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The ability to repeatedly perform sprints has traditionally been viewed as a key performance measure in team sports, and the relationship between repeated-sprint ability (RSA) and performance has been explored extensively. However, when reviewing the repeated-sprint profile of team-sports match play it appears that the occurrence of repeated-sprint bouts is sparse, indicating that RSA is not as important to performance as commonly believed. Repeated sprints are, however, a potent and time-efficient training strategy, effective in developing acceleration, speed, explosive leg power, aerobic power, and high-intensity-running performance—all of which are crucial to team-sport performance. As such, we propose that repeated-sprint exercise in team sports should be viewed as an independent variable (eg, a means of developing fitness) as opposed to a dependent variable (eg, a means of assessing fitness/performance).

scholarly journals Comparison of Ergogenic Effects of Caffeine and Nitrate Supplementation on Speed, Power and Repeated Sprint Performance of Soccer Players

Physiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Dimitris Karampelas ◽  
Konstantinos Antonopoulos ◽  
Yiannis Michailidis ◽  
Michalis Mitrotasios ◽  
Athanasios Mandroukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soccer Players ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Ergogenic Effects ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
To Receive

Caffeine and nitrates have both been reported to enhance performance in power efforts; however, it is not clear which supplement is most effective. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of caffeine and nitrates on the performance of semi-professional soccer players during different fitness tests. Ten male soccer players in a randomized crossover design were assigned to receive caffeine (5 mg/kg body mass) (CG), nitrate ((250 mL/150 mg of NO3−) (NG), or a placebo (PG) on three different occasions. In each treatment, the participants performed the following tests: 10 m and 30 m sprints, the Illinois agility test, a countermovement jump test, a squat jump test, and a repeated sprint test (6 × 40 m). Caffeine boosted performance in jumps (CMJ: CGvsPG, p = 0.018; SJ: CGvsPG, p = 0.045 and CGvsNG, p = 0.001) and limited the decrease in performance in the RSA test (CGvsPG, p = 0.012). Nitrates limited the decrease in performance in the RSA test (NGvsPG, p = 0.035). In conclusion, the two supplements limited the decrease in performance in the test of repeated sprints, with caffeine showing a greater effect. Among the other tests, only caffeine improved performance, and only in the jumps. Thus, we can conclude that supplementation with caffeine 1 h before these kinds of activities at a dosage of 5 mg/kg of body weight can enhance performance.

Sustained Passing Performance of Elite and Subelite Female Soccer Players Following a Female Match-Specific Exercise Protocol

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mikayla J. Lyons ◽  
Jennifer Conlon ◽  
Amy Perejmibida ◽  
Paola Chivers ◽  
Christopher Joyce
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Test List ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Performance Times ◽  
Female Specific

Purpose: This study examined the maintenance of passing performance following soccer-specific high-intensity intermittent exercise in elite (n = 9) and subelite (n = 11) Western Australian female soccer players (19.5 [2.5] y). Methods: A total of 20 participants completed the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT) prior to, during, and following 90 minutes of a modified, female-specific, individualized exercise protocol (Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test [LIST]) to simulate 2 halves of a soccer match. Performance in the LSPT was calculated by adding “raw time” to the accumulated “penalty time” for each test. Results: Elite players recorded greater distances (t58 = 4.671, P < .001, effect size [ES] = 1.21) and higher derived VO2max values (t58 = 4.715, P < .001, ES = 1.20) for the LIST exercise protocol over the subelite players. The total performance times for each LSPT were longer in the subelites in comparison with the elites, with a very large ES difference seen in post-LIST1 (t18 = −6.64, P < .001, ES = 2.99) and post-LIST2 (t18 = −9.143, P < .001, ES = 4.12). No between-groups differences were identified for “raw time” at any time point. Hence, all reported LSPT performance differences are attributed to “penalty time.” Conclusion: These data suggest that elite players can sustain their passing performance more efficiently throughout match play that can subelite female soccer players. These findings may contribute to future talent-identification testing by helping to distinguish between elite- and subelite-level players through sustained passing performance. Coaches may also use this information to better inform best-practice training methods through modification of male soccer-specific high-intensity intermittent exercise to a female cohort.

Caffeine Enhances Cognitive Function and Skill Performance during Simulated Soccer Activity

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Foskett ◽  
Ajmol Ali ◽  
Nicholas Gant
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cognitive Demands ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sporting Performance

There is little evidence regarding the benefits of caffeine ingestion on cognitive function and skillful actions during sporting performance, especially in sports that are multifaceted in their physiological, skill, and cognitive demands.Purpose:To examine the influence of caffeine on performance during simulated soccer activity.Methods:Twelve male soccer players completed two 90-min soccer-specific intermittent running trials interspersed with tests of soccer skill (LSPT). The trials were separated by 7 days and adhered to a randomized crossover design. On each occasion participants ingested 6 mg/kg body mass (BM) of caffeine (CAF) or a placebo (PLA) in a double-blind fashion 60 min before exercise. Movement time, penalties accrued, and total time were recorded for the LSPT. Physiological and performance markers were measured throughout the protocol. Water (3 ml/kg BM) was ingested every 15 min.Results:Participants accrued significantly less penalty time in the CAF trial (9.7 ± 6.6 s vs. PLA 11.6 ± 7.4 s; p = .02), leading to a significantly lower total time in this trial (CAF 51.6 ± 7.7 s vs. PLA 53.9 ± 8.5 s; p = .02). This decrease in penalty time was probably attributable to an increased passing accuracy in the CAF trial (p = .06). Jump height was 2.7% (± 1.1%) higher in the CAF trial (57.1 ± 5.1 cm vs. PLA 55.6 ± 5.1 cm; p = .01).Conclusions:Caffeine ingestion before simulated soccer activity improved players’ passing accuracy and jump performance without any detrimental effects on other performance parameters.

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