Determination of Submaximal and Maximal Training Zones From a 3-Stage, Variable-Duration, Perceptually Regulated Track Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-861
Author(s):  
Claire A. Molinari ◽  
Florent Palacin ◽  
Luc Poinsard ◽  
Véronique L. Billat
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
The University ◽  
Track Test

Purpose: To validate a new perceptually regulated, self-paced maximal oxygen consumption field test (the Running Advisor Billat Training [RABIT] test) that can be used by recreational runners to define personalized training zones. Design: In a cross-sectional study, male and female recreational runners (N = 12; mean [SD] age = 43 [8] y) completed 3 maximal exercise tests (2 RABIT tests and a University of Montreal Track Test), with a 48-hour interval between tests. Methods: The University of Montreal Track Test was a continuous, incremental track test with a 0.5-km·h−1 increment every minute until exhaustion. The RABIT tests were conducted at intensities of 11, 14, and 17 on the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale for 10, 5, and 3 minutes, respectively, with a 1-minute rest between efforts. Results: The 2 RABIT tests and the University of Montreal Track Test gave similar mean (SD) maximal oxygen consumption values (53.9 [6.4], 56.4 [9.1], and 55.4 [7.6] mL·kg−1·min−1, respectively, P = .722). The cardiorespiratory and speed responses were reliable as a function of the running intensity (RPE: 11, 14, and 17) and the relative time point for each RPE stage. Indeed, the oxygen consumption, heart rate, ventilation, and speed values did not differ significantly when the running time was expressed as a relative duration of 30%, 60%, or 90% (ie, at 3, 6, and 9 min of a 10-min effort at RPE 11; P = .997). Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the RABIT test is a valid method for defining submaximal and maximal training zones in recreational runners.

scholarly journals Objective and subjective measures of exercise intensity during thermo-neutral and hot yoga

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne N. Boyd ◽  
Stephanie M. Lannan ◽  
Micah N. Zuhl ◽  
Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez ◽  
Rachael K. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Constant Intensity

While hot yoga has gained enormous popularity in recent years, owing in part to increased environmental challenge associated with exercise in the heat, it is not clear whether hot yoga is more vigorous than thermo-neutral yoga. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine objective and subjective measures of exercise intensity during constant intensity yoga in a hot and thermo-neutral environment. Using a randomized, crossover design, 14 participants completed 2 identical ∼20-min yoga sessions in a hot (35.3 ± 0.8 °C; humidity: 20.5% ± 1.4%) and thermo-neutral (22.1 ± 0.2 °C; humidity: 27.8% ± 1.6%) environment. Oxygen consumption and heart rate (HR) were recorded as objective measures (percentage of maximal oxygen consumption and percentage of maximal HR (%HRmax)) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded as a subjective measure of exercise intensity. There was no difference in exercise intensity based on percentage of maximal oxygen consumption during hot versus thermo-neutral yoga (30.9% ± 2.3% vs. 30.5% ± 1.8%, p = 0.68). However, exercise intensity was significantly higher during hot versus thermo-neutral yoga based on %HRmax (67.0% ± 2.3% vs. 60.8% ± 1.9%, p = 0.01) and RPE (12 ± 1 vs. 11 ± 1, p = 0.04). According to established exercise intensities, hot yoga was classified as light-intensity exercise based on percentage of maximal oxygen consumption but moderate-intensity exercise based on %HRmax and RPE while thermo-neutral yoga was classified as light-intensity exercise based on percentage of maximal oxygen uptake, %HRmax, and RPE. Despite the added hemodynamic stress and perception that yoga is more strenuous in a hot environment, we observed similar oxygen consumption during hot versus thermo-neutral yoga, classifying both exercise modalities as light-intensity exercise.

scholarly journals Perceived exertion and energy expenditure during physical activities in healthy young people and older adults

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-510
Author(s):  
Oyéné Kossi ◽  
Justine Lacroix ◽  
Maxence Compagnat ◽  
Jean Christophe Daviet ◽  
Stéphane Mandigout
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Young People

Aim: To test the validity of Borg’s 6–20 rating of perceived exertion scale in assessing the exertion intensity over a multi-activity session in young and older adults.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 56 healthy participants. All participants underwent a single session of activities including working on a computer, treadmill walking, biking, and treadmill running. Results: Results showed a non-significant correlation between the overall perceived exertion and energy expenditure in young people (Rho=−0.05, p=0.75) and in older adults (Rho=−0.05, p=0.78) for the whole session. However, results showed that older adults perceived significantly higher exertion compared to young people while working on a computer, walking and running, whereas they presented lower energy expenditure while resting and working on a computer. Conclusions: Combining the perceived exertion method with other commonly used methods to estimate exercise intensity would be recommended for older adults.

Making the Grade: An Exploration of Incline Running on a Bodyweight-Supportive Treadmill

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Megan Wagner ◽  
Kevin D. Dames
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Metabolic Demand ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional

Context: Bodyweight-supporting treadmills are popular rehabilitation tools for athletes recovering from impact-related injuries because they reduce ground reaction forces during running. However, the overall metabolic demand of a given running speed is also reduced, meaning athletes who return to competition after using such a device in rehabilitation may not be as fit as they had been prior to their injury. Objective: To explore the metabolic effects of adding incline during bodyweight-supported treadmill running. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: Fourteen apparently healthy, recreational runners (6 females and 8 males; 21 [3] y, 1.71 [0.08] m, 63.11 [6.86] kg). Interventions: The participants performed steady-state running trials on a bodyweight-supporting treadmill at 8.5 mph. The control condition was no incline and no bodyweight support. All experimental conditions were at 30% bodyweight support. The participants began the sequence of experimental conditions at 0% incline; this increased to 1%, and from there on, 2% incline increases were introduced until a 15% grade was reached. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare all bodyweight-support conditions against the control condition. Main Outcome Measures: Oxygen consumption, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion. Results: Level running with 30% bodyweight support reduced oxygen consumption by 21.6% (P < .001) and heart rate by 12.0% (P < .001) compared with the control. Each 2% increase in incline with bodyweight support increased oxygen consumption by 6.4% and heart rate by 3.2% on average. A 7% incline elicited similar physiological measures as the unsupported, level condition. However, the perceived intensity of this incline with bodyweight support was greater than the unsupported condition (P < .001). Conclusions: Athletes can maintain training intensity while running on a bodyweight-supporting treadmill by introducing incline. Rehabilitation programs should rely on quantitative rather than qualitative data to drive exercise prescription in this modality.

scholarly journals Caffeine effects on velocity selection and physiological responses during RPE production

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1077-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Green ◽  
Alyssa Olenick ◽  
Caroline Eastep ◽  
Lee Winchester
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Velocity Selection

Caffeine (CAF) blunts estimated ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) but the effects on RPE production are unclear. This study examined effects of acute caffeine ingestion during treadmill exercise where participants exercised at prescribed RPE 4 and 7. Recreational runners (maximal oxygen consumption = 51.4 ± 9.8 mL·kg−1·min−1) (n = 16) completed a maximal treadmill test followed by trials where they selected treadmill velocity (VEL) (1% grade) to produce RPE 4 and RPE 7 (10 min each). RPE production trials followed CAF (6 mg·kg−1) or placebo (PLA) (counterbalanced) ingestion. Participants were blinded to treadmill VEL but the Omni RPE scale was in full view. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a main effect (trial) for VEL (CAF ∼5 m·min−1 faster) for RPE 4 (p = 0.07) and RPE 7 (p = 0.03). Mean heart rate and oxygen consumption responses were consistently higher for CAF but failed to reach statistical significance. Individual responses to CAF were labeled positive using a criterion of 13.4 m·min−1 faster for CAF (vs. PLA). Ten of 32 trials (31%) were positive responses. In these, systematic increases were observed for heart rate (∼12 beats·min−1) and oxygen consumption (∼5.7 mL·kg−1·min−1). Blunted/stable respiratory exchange ratio values at higher VEL for positive responders suggest increased free fatty acid reliance during CAF. In conlusion, mean results show a mild effect of CAF during RPE production. However, individual responses more clearly indicate whether a true effect is possible. Trainers and individuals should consider individual responses to ensure effectively intensity regulation.

Internal and External Training Workload Quantification in 4 Experienced Paracanoeing Athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Frederico Ribeiro Neto ◽  
Ramires Alsamir Tibana ◽  
Jefferson Rodrigues Dorneles ◽  
Rodrigo Rodrigues Gomes Costa
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospital ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
Weekly Training ◽  
External Training

Context: Paracanoeing is one of the adapted sports eligible for different motor impairments. The acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) is an index between acute and chronic training workload. However, no studies have analyzed this variable in paracanoeing, relating it with training recovery markers. Objective: This study aimed to quantify the internal (session rating of perceived exertion) and external (distance traveled and total training time) training workloads in 4 experienced paracanoe athletes over 9 months and 5 canoeing events. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Paralympic Program. Participants: Four experienced paracanoe athletes participated in 36 weeks of training for 5 events. Main Outcomes Measures: The daily and weekly training workload, monotony, ACWR, distance, and total training time were described for all the training phases. The perceived recovery status scale (PRS) and medicine ball throw (MBT) were used to quantify recovery. Results: The average daily and weekly training workload varied from 213.1 to 239.3 and 767.3 to 1036.8 arbitrary units, respectively. Average ACWR results ranged from 0.96 to 1.10 in the 4 athletes, findings that were outside the safety zone in 38% of the training weeks. All the correlations between MBT and PRS were classified as weak (ρ between .20 and .39, P > .05). ACWR showed a very weak correlation with MBT and moderately and highly significant correlations with PRS in 2 athletes, respectively. Conclusions: The training workloads of 4 paracanoe athletes may serve as a comparison with other periodization models. Pretraining recovery assessments (MBT and PRS) exhibited a low, nonsignificant correlation. However, ACWR correlated significantly with PRS in 2 athletes and might be a suitable tool for daily training adjustments.

scholarly journals The Intensity of Chair-Assisted Exercises in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-271
Author(s):  
Karin M. Volkers ◽  
Tim C.W. van Dijk ◽  
Laura H. Eggermont ◽  
A. Peter Hollander ◽  
Erik J.A. Scherder
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction:The American College of Sports Medicine prescribes regular performance of at least moderate-intensity physical activity for healthy aging. This study examined whether 1 session of 30 min of chair-assisted exercises for the elderly meets this intensity criterion.Method:This cross-sectional study included 47 cognitively healthy volunteers (mean age 84 years). During the performance of 30 min of chair-assisted exercises the authors determined oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). These measures were expressed as a percentage of the estimated maximal VO2 (VO2max) and the estimated maximal HR (HRmax) and estimated as metabolic equivalent units (METs).Results:Participants performed chair-assisted exercises at 61.0% ± 14.7% of VO2max, 67.6% ± 11.3% HRmax, 3.9 ± 0.9 METs, and 13.1 ± 2.1 RPE.Conclusions:The intensity of these chair-assisted exercises is at least moderate for older adults, which is necessary for healthy aging.

Energy System Assessment in Survivors of Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-446
Author(s):  
Antonio Ignacio Cuesta-Vargas ◽  
Jena Buchan ◽  
Bella Pajares ◽  
Emilio Alba ◽  
Manuel Trinidad-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
System Assessment

Abstract Background Survivors of breast cancer commonly report functional limitations, including cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and decreased aerobic capacity. One key gap is addressing the 3 energy systems (aerobic, anaerobic lactic, and alactic), requiring assessment to establish a baseline exercise intensity and duration. Objective This study examined the feasibility of energy system–based assessment, also providing descriptive values for assessment performance in this population. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods Seventy-two posttreatment survivors of breast cancer were recruited. Following a baseline musculoskeletal assessment, women attempted 3 energy system assessments: submaximal aerobic (multistage treadmill), anaerobic alactic (30-second sit-to-stand [30-STS]), and anaerobic lactic (adapted burpees). Heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. Secondary outcomes included body composition, CRF, and upper- and lower-limb functionality. Results Seventy of 72 participants performed the 30-STS and 30 completed the adapted burpees task. HR and RPE specific to each task were correlated, reflecting increased intensity. Women reported low-moderate levels of CRF scores (3% [2.1]) and moderate-high functionality levels (upper-limb: 65.8% [23.3]; lower-limb: 63.7% [34.7]). Limitations All survivors of breast cancer had relatively low levels of CRF and moderate functioning. Additionally, on average, participants were classified as “overweight” based on BMI. Conclusion This study is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate feasibility of energy system assessment in survivors of breast cancer. Using a combination of HR and RPE, as well as baseline assessment of each energy system, clinicians may improve ability to prescribe personalized exercise and give patients greater ability to self-monitor intensity and progress.

The Role of Aerobic Fitness on Session Rating of Perceived Exertion in Futsal Players

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius F. Milanez ◽  
Rafael E. Pedro ◽  
Alexandre Moreira ◽  
Daniel A. Boullosa ◽  
Fuad Salle-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Total Period

Purpose:The aim of this study was to verify the influence of aerobic fitness (VO2max) on internal training loads, as measured by the session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) method.Methods:Nine male professional outfeld futsal players were monitored for 4 wk of the in-season period with regards to the weekly accumulated session-RPE, while participating in the same training sessions. Single-session-RPE was obtained from the product of a 10-point RPE scale and the duration of exercise. Maximal oxygen consumption was determined during an incremental treadmill test.Results:The average training load throughout the 4 wk period varied between 2,876 and 5,035 arbitrary units. Technical-tactical sessions were the predominant source of loading. There was a significant correlation between VO2max (59.6 ± 2.5 mL·kg–1 ·min–1) and overall training load accumulated over the total period (r = –0.75).Conclusions:The VO2max plays a key role in determining the magnitude of an individual’s perceived exertion during futsal training sessions.

Effects of an External Nasal Dilator Strip on Differentiated Ratings of Perceived Exertion

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1153-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Pujol ◽  
Mark E. Langenfeld ◽  
Jeramie R. Hinojosa ◽  
Willard H. Iman
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
College Age

17 college-age subjects performed two 20-min. runs at 65% of maximal oxygen consumption. Randomized trials were conducted with an external nasal dilator strip or without. Subjects were polled every 5 min. for over-all rating of perceived exertion, central rating of perceived exertion, and local rating of perceived exertion. The use of an external nasal dilator strip did not significantly lower any of the three.

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