scholarly journals Comparison of Thoracic and Lumbar Erector Spinae Muscle Activation Before and After a Golf Practice Session

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme G. Sorbie ◽  
Fergal M. Grace ◽  
Yaodong Gu ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
Ukadike C. Ugbolue
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Practice Session ◽  
Ball Speed ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Erector Spinae Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance

Lower back pain is commonly associated with golfers. The study aimed: to determine whether thoracic- and lumbar-erector-spinae muscle display signs of muscular fatigue after completing a golf practice session, and to examine the effect of the completed practice session on club head speed, ball speed and absolute carry distance performance variables. Fourteen right-handed male golfers participated in the laboratory-based-study. Surface electromyography (EMG) data was collected from the lead and trail sides of the thoracic- and lumbar-erector-spinae muscle. Normalized root mean squared (RMS) EMG activation levels and performance variables for the golf swings were compared before and after the session. Fatigue was assessed using median frequency (MDF) and RMS during the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) performed before and after the session. No significant differences were observed in RMS thoracic- and lumbar-erector-spinae muscle activation levels during the five phases of the golf swing and performance variables before and after the session (p > .05). Significant changes were displayed in MDF and RMS when comparing the MVC performed before and after the session (p < .05). Fatigue was evident in the trail side of the erector-spinae muscle after the session.

Determining the Optimal Interval Exercise Intensity Dose for Improving Exercise Performance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norah MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Optimal Interval ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Type Of Exercise

Short duration interval training is a time-efficient exercise strategy that can improve fitness through changes in metabolic, cardiovascular and performance related variables. Studies have examined the positive effects of maximal intensity exercise (≥100% VO2max) on metabolic and performance variables in recreationally active individuals and trained athletes. The intensity of interval training required to cause improvements in aerobic fitness is unknown. This study will look at the performance related adaptations that occur with three different exercise intensities of interval training matched in terms of duration, frequency and type of exercise. Sixteen recreationally active individuals, both males (n=9, age = 23.3±3.3, VO2max = 44.2±6.5) and females (n=6, age = 21.5±0.7, VO2max = 39.7±5.4) were randomly assigned to one of three groups who trained using intervals at 120% VO2max (n=5), 90% VO2max (n=4) or 65% VO2max (n=7). The participants performed 14 days of training spread over 4 weeks that consisted of 8-12 repeats of 1-minute cycling at the prescribed intensity with 1-minute active recovery between intervals. Training increased time to fatigue in the 90% VO2max and 120% VO2max group however not in the 65% VO2max group. The changes in VO2max before and after training were significant in the 90% VO2max group and the 120% VO2max group, however not between the 120% VO2max and 90% VO2max group (p≤0.05). Interval training at 90% and 120% VO2max stimulates analogous improvements in fitness. These results may be important for diseased or sedentary populations where very high-intensity and long duration exercise may not be well tolerated.

Effect of using the Flexi-Bar tool on erector spinae muscle activation under different standing weight-bearing conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-509
Author(s):  
Alireza Doroudian ◽  
Mohammad Mohsen Roostayi ◽  
Sedigheh Sadat Naimi ◽  
Abbas Rahimi ◽  
Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Erector Spinae Muscle

Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning: Cognitive Effects of a Peer Mediation Intervention

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina Shamir ◽  
David Tzuriel ◽  
Ronit Guy
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Peer Mediation ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Computer Supported Collaborative Learning ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cognitive Modifiability ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control

The Peer Mediation with Young Children (PMYC) was investigated in computerized versus noncomputerized environments using process (e.g., mediation strategies) and performance variables (e.g., cognitive modifiability) as outcome measures. The sample consisted of 108 pupils drawn from fourth- (tutors) and first-grade (tutored) classes randomly assigned to experimental (n = 27) and control (n = 27) dyads. Dyads in each group were randomly assigned to either computerized or noncomputerized learning environments. Experimental tutors received training in the PMYC program whereas control tutors received general preparation for peer tutoring. Following the PMYC program, each dyad was assigned to a collaborative learning situation in which the older child taught his/her partner a problem solving task. All children were tested on a set of cognitive measures before and after the PMYC program. The findings showed that the experimental tutors used significantly higher levels of mediation strategies and achieved higher cognitive modifiability than did the control children in both learning environments. Children tutored in the computerized environment achieved higher cognitive modifiability than children tutored in the noncomputerized environment. The findings are discussed in light of Vygotsky and Feuerstein’s theories and recent research on peer-assisted learning.

scholarly journals Analysis of the X-Factor and X-Factor stretch during the completion of a golf practice session in low-handicap golfers

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme G Sorbie ◽  
Yaodong Gu ◽  
Julien S Baker ◽  
Ukadike C Ugbolue
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Practice Session ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Ball Velocity ◽  
Club Head ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Professional Golfers ◽  
Game Performance

The X-Factor and X-Factor stretch have been positively correlated with golf long game performance. The aim of this study was to compare the X-Factor, X-Factor stretch and long game performance variables pre and following a golf practice session. A group of male golfers (n = 15, handicap = 3.3 ± 1.7) participated in the laboratory-based study. Movement and performance variables were collected from five golf swings performed pre and following a golf practice session using a motion-capture system and launch monitor, respectively. Following the practice session, significant increases were observed in the X-Factor ( p = 0.00, d = 0.22) and the X-Factor stretch ( p = 0.02, d = 0.25). Specifically, the X-Factor increased from 52.82 ± 5.64° to 54.06 ± 5.61° following the practice session. The X-Factor stretch increased from 1.54 ± 1.05° to 1.90 ± 1.41° following the practice session. Significant differences were displayed in club head velocity ( p = 0.00, d = 0.35), ball velocity ( p = 0.01, d = 0.21) and actual carry distance ( p = 0.00, d = 0.29) following the practice session. These findings suggest that performing multiple golf shots is not detrimental in terms of muscular fatigue in the long game performance. In actual fact, the findings demonstrate that performing 100 golf shots increases the X-Factor, X-Factor stretch patterns and performance variables which, in turn, increases the long game performance. These findings can help Professional Golfers’ Association golf Professionals improve teaching practices and formulation of golf programmes and warm-up sessions.

Trunk muscle activation during moderate- and high-intensity running

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Behm ◽  
Dario Cappa ◽  
Geoffrey A. Power
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Extension Activity ◽  
Exercise Type ◽  
Main Effects

Time constraints are cited as a barrier to regular exercise. If particular exercises can achieve multiple training functions, the number of exercises and the time needed to achieve a training goal may be decreased. It was the objective of this study to compare the extent of trunk muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity during running and callisthenic activities. EMG activity of the external obliques, lower abdominals (LA), upper lumbar erector spinae (ULES), and lumbosacral erector spinae (LSES) was monitored while triathletes and active nonrunners ran on a treadmill for 30 min at 60% and 80% of their maximum heart rate (HR) reserve, as well as during 30 repetitions of a partial curl-up and 3 min of a modified Biering-Sørensen back extension exercise. The mean root mean square (RMS) amplitude of the EMG signal was monitored over 10-s periods with measures normalized to a maximum voluntary contraction rotating curl-up (external obliques), hollowing exercise (LA), or back extension (ULES and LSES). A main effect for group was that triathletes had greater overall activation of the external obliques (p < 0.05), LA (p = 0.01), and LSES (p < 0.05) than did nonrunners. Main effects for exercise type showed that the external obliques had less EMG activity during 60% and 80% runs, respectively, than with the curl-ups (p = 0.001). The back extension exercise provided less ULES (p = 0.009) and LSES (p = 0.0001) EMG activity than the 60% and 80% runs, respectively. In conclusion, triathletes had greater trunk activation than nonrunners did while running, which could have contributed to their better performance. Back-stabilizing muscles can be activated more effectively with running than with a prolonged back extension activity. Running can be considered as an efficient, multifunctional exercise combining cardiovascular and trunk endurance benefits.

scholarly journals Muscle Activation in Middle-Distance Athletes with Compression Stockings

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Diego Moreno-Pérez ◽  
Pedro J. Marín ◽  
Álvaro López-Samanes ◽  
Roberto Cejuela-Anta ◽  
Jonathan Esteve-Lanao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
And Performance

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in electromyographic activity with the use of gradual compression stockings (GCSs) on middle-distance endurance athletes’ performance, based on surface electromyography measurement techniques. Sixteen well-trained athletes were recruited (mean ± SD: age 33.4 ± 6.3 years, VO2max 63.7 ± 6.3 mL·kg−1·min−1, maximal aerobic speed 19.7 ± 1.5 km·h). The athletes were divided into two groups and were assigned in a randomized order to their respective groups according to their experience with the use of GCSs. Initially, a maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) test was performed to standardize the athletes’ running speeds for subsequent tests. Afterward, electromyographic activity, metabolic, and performance variables for each group were measured with surface electromyography. In addition, blood lactate concentration was measured, both with and without GCSs, during 10 min at 3% above VT2 (second ventilatory threshold), all of which were performed on the track. Next, surface electromyography activity was measured during a 1 km run at maximum speed. No significant changes were found in electromyography activity, metabolic and performance variables with GCSs use (p > 0.164) in any of the variables measured. Overall, there were no performance benefits when using compression garments against a control condition.

scholarly journals Electromyographic evaluation of selected muscles during active hip extension in men treated McKenzie method

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jabłońska ◽  
Anna Fryzowicz ◽  
Małgorzata B. Ogurkowska
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Erector Spinae Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mckenzie Method ◽  
Hip Extension

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate objective results of short-term treatment with the use of electromyography and to determine changes in muscle recruitment during the prone hip extension test in individuals with chronic low back pain who underwent the McKenzie treatment. Methods: The studied group consisted of 17 male office workers aged 33–55 who underwent two experimental sessions comprising of 3 measurements and the McKenzie method of mechanical diagnosis and therapy. Electromyographic examination of selected muscles was performed during the test in order to assess changes in their activity before and after the McKenzie method and the Visual Analogue Scale was used to assess the level of pain. Results: There was a tendency towards significance at the beginning of activation between the first and second test for the left erector spinae muscle (p = 0.0684). In 18% of patients, the onset activation time decreased, which is indicative of correct direction of changes. No statistically significant changes were observed in the remaining muscles. Statistical significance (p = 0.0131) was observed between the first and third test for the left erector spinae muscle. A decrease in the onset activation time was observed in 75% of the subjects. Effectiveness increased by as much as 57%. The level of pain decreased in the third test compared to the first one (p = 0.0240). However, the change in pain sensations between the first and second test was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The study showed objective changes in the activation sequence of selected muscles and subjective changes in pain following short term McKenzie therapy.

Physical and performance variables for talent identification in water polo

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Viero ◽  
Tamara Triossi ◽  
Daniele Bianchi ◽  
Alessandro Campagna ◽  
Giovanni Melchiorri
Keyword(s):  
Talent Identification ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
And Performance
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