Postexercise Hypotension After Muscle Power Training Session in Older Adults With Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-657
Author(s):  
José Machado Filho ◽  
Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo Machado ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Rodrigo Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Control Session ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Postexercise Hypotension ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

The aim of the present study was to determine the acute effects of a muscle power training (PT) session on arterial blood pressure (BP) in older adults with hypertension. Thirteen participants (64 ± 4 years) with essential hypertension were randomly assigned to a PT session and control session without exercise. During PT, the participants performed three sets of eight repetitions at 50% of the one-repetition maximum tests. The concentric phase during each repetition was performed as fast as possible. The systolic BP (post-15 min: −1.7 ± 1.8 mmHg [p = .048; d = 0.22]; post-30 min: −3.6 ± 1.7 mmHg [p = .010; d = 0.48]; post-45 min: −3.3 ± 1.3 mmHg [p = .002; d = 0.42]; post-60 min: −3.9 ± 1.7 mmHg [p = .003; d = 0.49]) and diastolic BP (post-15 min: −1.5 ± 1.5 mmHg [p = .053; d = 0.20]; post-30 min: −2.2 ± 1.7 mmHg [p = .001; d = 0.29]; post-45 min: −2.0 ± 2.0 mmHg [p = .001; d = 0.27]; post-60 min: −2.0 ± 1.3 mmHg [p < .001; d = 0.26]) reductions were observed at all times after the PT session, compared with the preexercise and control session. PT is an effective strategy to acutely reduce BP in older patients with essential hypertension.

scholarly journals Effect of muscle power training on fall risk in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jiménez-Lupión ◽  
◽  
Daniel Jerez-Mayorga ◽  
Luis Javier Chirosa-Ríos ◽  
Darío Martínez-García
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Review question / Objective: P: Older adults; I: Power training; C: Other type of exercise program; O: Fall Risk. Objective: To describe the effectiveness of muscle power training on fall risk in older adults. Condition being studied: Healthy older adults or those with different pathologies who undergo a muscle power training program for the prevention of falls. Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT); Adults over 60 years of age, living independently in the community without disabilities and other diseases that make them unsuitable for exercise interventions; muscle power training of the lower limbs, without combining it with other types of exercise; Outcome: Fall Risk. Exclusion Criteria: Studies that used ergogenic drugs or aids; studies that manipulated diet; conference presentations, theses, books, editorials, review articles, and expert opinions; missing full text or incomplete data on outcome indicators.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Post-exercise Hypotension, Ambulatory Blood Pressure Variability, and Endothelial Function After a Power Training Session in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro de Oliveira Carpes ◽  
Lucas Betti Domingues ◽  
Renato Schimitt ◽  
Sandra C. Fuchs ◽  
Taha Alhalimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Post Exercise Hypotension

Background: The efficacy of power training (PT) to acutely reduce blood pressure (BP) in participants with hypertension is controversial, and no studies have assessed the influence of sex on post-exercise hypotension and its mechanisms in older adults.Purpose: The aims of this secondary, exploratory analysis were to compare the effects of a single bout of PT on post-exercise hypotension, BP variability, and endothelial function between older men and women with hypertension.Methods: Twenty-four participants with hypertension (12 men and 12 women aged to &gt;60 years old) took part in this crossover study and randomly performed two experimental sessions: power exercise training (PT) and non-exercising control session (Con). The PT protocol was composed of 3 sets of 8–10 repetitions of five exercises performed in the following order: leg press, bench press, knee extension, upright row, and knee flexion, using an intensity corresponding to 50% of one repetition maximal test (1RM) and 2-min intervals between sets and exercises. The concentric phase of exercises during each repetition was performed “as fast as possible,” while the eccentric phase lasted 1 to 2 s. During Con, the participants remained at seated rest on the same exercise machines, but without any exercise. Each protocol lasted 40 min. Office BP, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), 24-h ambulatory BP, and the average real variability (ARV) of systolic and diastolic BP were assessed before and after experimental sessions.Results: Comparing PT with Con, a reduced office BP after exercise was found in men (systolic BP—average post 1 h: −14 mmHg, p &lt; 0.001; diastolic BP—average post 1 h: −8 mmHg, p &lt; 0.001) and only a reduced systolic BP in women (average post 1 h: −7 mmHg, p = 0.04). Comparing men and women, a reduced systolic BP (post 60': −15 mmHg, p = 0.048; average post 1 h: −7 mmHg, p = 0.046) and diastolic BP (post 60': −9 mmHg, p = 0.049) after the first hour were found in men. In relation to 24-h ambulatory BP, ARV, and FMD, no statistically significant differences were found between men and women.Conclusion: In older adults with hypertension, the office BP response after the experimental sessions was different in men and women, showing that the PT protocol is more effective to acutely reduce BP in men. Additionally, the mechanisms behind this reduction remain unclear. This finding suggests that sex cannot be combined to analyze post-exercise hypotension.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT03615625.

Power training using pneumatic machines vs. plate-loaded machines to improve muscle power in older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop T. Balachandran ◽  
Kristine Gandia ◽  
Kevin A. Jacobs ◽  
David L. Streiner ◽  
Moataz Eltoukhy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Power Training

Functional Benefit of Power Training for Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hazell ◽  
Kenji Kenno ◽  
Jennifer Jakobi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Functional Benefit ◽  
Adl Performance

Aging leads to significant losses in muscle mass, strength, and the ability to independently perform activities of daily living (ADL). Typically, standard resistance training (RT) has been used to reduce these losses in function by maintaining or even increasing muscle strength in older adults. Increasing strength does not necessarily, however, result in an increase in the ability to perform ADL. There is now research suggesting that muscle power is more closely associated with the performance of ADL than muscle strength is, so training for muscle power might lead to more beneficial results in functional performance. This review of studies investigating the effect of training on ADL performance in older adults indicated that standard RT is effective in increasing strength in older adults, but power training that contains high-velocity contractions might be a more optimal means of training older adults when the emphasis is on increasing the performance of ADL.

An LQ Approach to Active Control of Vibrations in Helicopters

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Bittanti ◽  
Fabrizio Lorito ◽  
Silvia Strada
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Vibration Effect ◽  
Suitable Definition ◽  
Lq Optimal Control ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

In this paper, Linear Quadratic (LQ) optimal control concepts are applied for the active control of vibrations in helicopters. The study is based on an identified dynamic model of the rotor. The vibration effect is captured by suitably augmenting the state vector of the rotor model. Then, Kalman filtering concepts can be used to obtain a real-time estimate of the vibration, which is then fed back to form a suitable compensation signal. This design rationale is derived here starting from a rigorous problem position in an optimal control context. Among other things, this calls for a suitable definition of the performance index, of nonstandard type. The application of these ideas to a test helicopter, by means of computer simulations, shows good performances both in terms of disturbance rejection effectiveness and control effort limitation. The performance of the obtained controller is compared with the one achievable by the so called Higher Harmonic Control (HHC) approach, well known within the helicopter community.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Community-Delivered Functional Power Training Program for Frail and Pre-frail Community-Dwelling Older Adults: a Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nien Xiang Tou ◽  
Shiou-Liang Wee ◽  
Wei Ting Seah ◽  
Daniella Hui Min Ng ◽  
Benedict Wei Jun Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractTranslation of community-based functional training for older adults to reduce frailty is still lacking. We evaluated the effectiveness and implementation of a community-delivered group-based functional power training (FPT) program for frail older adults within their neighborhoods. A two-arm, multicenter assessor-blind stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted at four local senior activity centers in Singapore. Sixty-one community-dwelling older adults with low handgrip strength were randomized to intervention (IG) or control (CG) group. The IG underwent the FPT program (power and balance exercises using simple equipment) delivered by a community service provider. The 12-week program comprised 2 × 60 min sessions/week. CG continued usual activities at the centers. Functional performance, muscle strength, and frailty status were assessed at baseline and 3 months. Program implementation was evaluated using RE-AIM framework. The program was halted due to Coronavirus Disease 2019-related suspension of senior center activities. Results are reported from four centers, which completed the program. IG showed significantly greater improvement in the Short Physical Performance Battery test as compared to CG (p = 0.047). No effects were found for timed up and go test performance, muscle strength, and frailty status. The community program exhibited good reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. Our study demonstrated that FPT was associated with greater improvement in physical function in pre-frail/frail participants as compared to exercise activities offered at local senior activity centers. It is a feasible intervention that can be successfully implemented for frail older adults in their neighborhoods. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04438876. Registered 19 June 2020–retrospectively registered.

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