Does Daylight Savings Time Encourage Physical Activity?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1057-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathleen D. Zick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Null Effect ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
Recreation Participation ◽  
Open Question

Background:Extending Daylight Savings Time (DST) has been identified as a policy intervention that may encourage physical activity. However, there has been little research on the question of if DST encourages adults to be more physically active.Methods:Data from residents of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah ages 18–64 who participated in the 2003–2009 American Time Use Survey are used to assess whether DST is associated with increased time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The analysis capitalizes on the natural experiment created because Arizona does not observe DST.Results:Both bivariate and multivariate analyses indicate that shifting 1 hour of daylight from morning to evening does not impact MVPA of Americans living in the southwest.Conclusions:While DST may affect the choices people make about the timing and location of their sports/recreational activities, the potential for DST to serve as a broad-based intervention that encourages greater sports/recreation participation is not supported by this analysis. Whether this null effect would persist in other climate situations is an open question.

scholarly journals Linking the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and the Compendium of Physical Activities: Methods and Rationale

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽  
Tracy L. Washington ◽  
Barbara E. Ainsworth ◽  
Richard P. Troiano
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
Health Related

Background:The 2003 Bureau of Labor Statistics American Time Use Survey (ATUS) contains 438 distinct primary activity variables that can be analyzed with regard to how time is spent by Americans. The Compendium of Physical Activities is used to code physical activities derived from various surveys, logs, diaries, etc to facilitate comparison of coded intensity levels across studies.Methods:This article describes the methods, challenges, and rationale for linking Compendium estimates of physical activity intensity (METs, metabolic equivalents) with all activities reported in the 2003 ATUS.Results:The assigned ATUS intensity levels are not intended to compute the energy costs of physical activity in individuals. Instead, they are intended to be used to identify time spent in activities broadly classified by type and intensity. This function will complement public health surveillance systems and aid in policy and health-promotion activities. For example, at least one of the future projects of this process is the descriptive epidemiology of time spent in common physical activity intensity categories.Conclusions:The process of metabolic coding of the ATUS by linking it with the Compendium of Physical Activities can make important contributions to our understanding of American’s time spent in health-related physical activity.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Perceived Health: Can Time Diary Measures of Momentary Well-Being Inform the Association?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Hofferth ◽  
Sarah M. Flood ◽  
Deborah Carr ◽  
Yoonjoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Time Diary ◽  
Diary Data ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Actual Health

The association between physical activity and health is well documented, yet prior research has largely ignored the context of physical activity, including its specific type and the emotions experienced while engaged in that activity. This study used interview-based time diary data on 24,016 individuals who participated in the American Time Use Survey well-being modules in 2010, 2012, and 2013 to examine the associations between sedentary and moderately vigorous activities and self-reported health, and the extent to which momentary well-being modifies that association. Respondents who engaged in housework, leisure, or play with children reported better health whereas those who engaged in sedentary activity reported worse self-rated health. Respondents who spent more time in housework reported better health, but this was not the case for leisure or playing with children. Greater positive mood and fewer somatic symptoms while engaged in activity were associated with better self-rated health, with more consistent associations for symptoms than mood. Respondent reports of momentary well-being did not explain the link between activities and perceived or actual health.

Adult BMI and Physical Activity: Retrospective Evaluation of High School Sport and Recreation Participation

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Ball ◽  
Matthew R. Bice
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
School Sport ◽  
Recreation Participation ◽  
Sport And Recreation

Research reports children and adolescents who are physically active (PA) are more likely to be active as adults. Physical Activity (PA) levels and BMI status were examined among adults who participated in sport and recreational activities while attending high school. The current study consists of 1363 adults who completed the questionnaire. Correlations were used to assess associations among variables and a regression analysis was used to describe the combined effect of BMI status on the outcome of interest (PA). The current study revealed participates who participated in sports or recreational activities while in high school reported to have more individuals in the normal (healthy) BMI category and met the American PA recommendations for the number of day and minutes engaged in moderate and vigorous physical activity. Data suggests participation in sport and recreational activities while in high school positively influences levels of adult PA and healthier BMIs.

scholarly journals Sleep Duration and Waking Activities in Relation to the National Sleep Foundation’s Recommendations: An Analysis of US Population Sleep Patterns from 2015 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6154
Author(s):  
Michael Osei Mireku ◽  
Alina Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Weighted Estimates ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Time Use Survey

The objective was to investigate the association between time spent on waking activities and nonaligned sleep duration in a representative sample of the US population. We analysed time use data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), 2015–2017 (N = 31,621). National Sleep Foundation (NSF) age-specific sleep recommendations were used to define recommended (aligned) sleep duration. The balanced, repeated, replicate variance estimation method was applied to the ATUS data to calculate weighted estimates. Less than half of the US population had a sleep duration that mapped onto the NSF recommendations, and alignment was higher on weekdays (45%) than at weekends (33%). The proportion sleeping longer than the recommended duration was higher than those sleeping shorter on both weekdays and weekends (p < 0.001). Time spent on work, personal care, socialising, travel, TV watching, education, and total screen time was associated with nonalignment to the sleep recommendations. In comparison to the appropriate recommended sleep group, those with a too-short sleep duration spent more time on work, travel, socialising, relaxing, and leisure. By contrast, those who slept too long spent relatively less time on each of these activities. The findings indicate that sleep duration among the US population does not map onto the NSF sleep recommendations, mostly because of a higher proportion of long sleepers compared to short sleepers. More time spent on work, travel, and socialising and relaxing activities is strongly associated with an increased risk of nonalignment to NSF sleep duration recommendations.

scholarly journals Profiles of Loneliness and Social Isolation in Physically Active and Inactive Older Adults in Rural England

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3971
Author(s):  
Jolanthe de Koning ◽  
Suzanne H. Richards ◽  
Grace E. R. Wood ◽  
Afroditi Stathi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Physically Active

Objective: Loneliness and social isolation are associated with higher risk of morbidity and mortality and physical inactivity in older age. This study explored the socioecological context in which both physically active and inactive older adults experience loneliness and/or social isolation in a UK rural setting. Design: A mixed-methods design employed semi structured interviews and accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Interviews explored the personal, social and environmental factors influencing engagement with physical activities, guided by an adapted-socioecological model of physical activity behaviour. Findings: Twenty-four older adults (MeanAge = 73 (5.8 SD); 12 women) were interviewed. Transcripts were thematically analysed and seven profiles of physical activity, social isolation and loneliness were identified. The high-MVPA group had established PA habits, reported several sources of social contact and evaluated their physical environment as activity friendly. The low MVPA group had diverse experiences of past engagement in social activities. Similar to the high MVPA, they reported a range of sources of social contact but they did not perceive the physical environment as activity friendly. Conclusions: Loneliness and/or social isolation was reported by both physically active and inactive older adults. There is wide diversity and complexity in types and intensity of PA, loneliness and social isolation profiles and personal, social and environmental contexts.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Overview of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity during School Recess: An Updated Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Sergio Pulido Sánchez ◽  
Damián Iglesias Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
World Health ◽  
After School ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

Interest in analyzing physically active behaviors during school recesses has grown in recent years as the school environment has consolidated (recess, physical education classes, lunch-time, before and after school) as a crucial space to bring these levels towards those recommended through intervention programs and improvements in the school environment. Unfortunately, in most of these studies, children do not achieve the 60 min a day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommended by the World Health Organization. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies objectively measured with accelerometers that have emerged in recent years to determine the amount of MVPA of children at recess. This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The extraction process for the studies included in this systematic review yielded a total of 43 articles. The studies were classified according to the methodological nature of the research: cross-sectional (n = 34), longitudinal (n = 3) and quasi-experimental (n = 6). The results of the studies confirm that during the recess period younger children are physically more active than older ones and that in general, boys are more physically active than girls. In addition, the data show that the school contributes to more than 40% of the total MVPA. The intervention programs led to an increase in MVPA of up to 5%. Providing schools with equipment and facilities shows that intervention programs are beneficial for raising children’s levels of physical activity.

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