Associations of Leisure Time, Commuting, and Occupational Physical Activity With Physical Fitness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Young Men

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1482-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jani P. Vaara ◽  
Heikki Kyröläinen ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Matti Santtila ◽  
Arja Häkkinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Factor Score ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Risk Factor Score

Background:The aim was to study the relationships between different domains of physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness.Methods:781 young men participated. Self-reported leisure-time (LTPA), commuting (CPA) and occupational (OPA) activity were determined. Blood pressure, s-HDL-cholesterol, s-triglycerides and s-LDL-cholesterol, and glucose were measured. The continuous cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor score was calculated from the z-score mean of each cardiovascular risk factor. The cutpoint was defined as 1 standard deviation above the mean. Cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness were measured.Results:The likelihood of CVD risk factor score was higher in moderate [OR 1.99 (95% CI 1.21–3.28)] and low [1.87 (1.16–3.02)] CPA groups compared with the high group, whereas neither low nor moderate LTPA or OPA groups showed similar associations after adjustments. Low OPA combined either with low LTPA [2.01 (1.08–3.74)] or low CPA [1.90 (1.05–3.44)] had a higher likelihood for CVD risk factor compared with combined moderate-high categories after adjustments. LTPA was positively associated with all physical fitness parameters, CPA with cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular endurance, and OPA with grip strength.Conclusion:The results emphasize the beneficial role of CPA regarding CVD risk factor score and stress the avoidance of low physical activity in its different domains.

scholarly journals Trends in the co-occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors by education in Finland, 1997–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Paalanen ◽  
T Härkänen ◽  
J Kontto ◽  
H Tolonen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Factor Score ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Risk Factor Score ◽  
Education Groups ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Understanding on sociodemographic variation of the co-occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is crucial for planning public health policy and future prevention strategies. We aimed at examining 1) the co-occurrence of smoking, hypertension, elevated cholesterol and obesity by education, and 2) the trends in educational differences in the co-occurrence of these risk factors in Finland. Methods We used cross-sectional health examination surveys carried out every five years among the general adult population: for 1997-2012 the National FINRISK Study and for 2017 the FinHealth 2017 Survey. Respondents aged 25-64 years were included in the analyses (n = 25,036). Current smoking, obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2), hypertension (≥140/≥90 mmHg or medication) and elevated serum total cholesterol (≥5.0 mmol/l or medication) were used for the risk factor accumulation score with categories 1) zero, 2) one, 3) two, and 4) three or four elevated risk factors. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate predicted probabilities for each category. Results Overall, the risk factor score was more favourable among women than men, and among high education groups than low education groups in both sexes. The lowest risk factor score class became more prevalent in all education groups in both sexes over time. The change in educational differences was not significant. However, the intermediate education group approached the highest education group over time. Conclusions Our data indicate an overall transition towards a more favourable risk factor score in Finland, in 1997-2017. The score among the intermediate education group approached that among the highest education group. The tendency of risk factor accumulation among those with least education remained during the study period, which raises a need to develop and implement interventions and public health policies that would be effective in decreasing the risk factor burden particularly in this group. Key messages Overall, a favourable trend of diminishing risk factor prevalence was seen. The tendency of accumulation of major CVD risk factors among the least educated subjects remained from 1997 to 2017.

Cycling to School and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Longitudinal Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1025-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Bo Andersen ◽  
Niels Wedderkopp ◽  
Peter Kristensen ◽  
Niels Christian Moller ◽  
Karsten Froberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Disease Rate ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Risk Factor Profile ◽  
Risk Factor Score

Background:Cycling to school may potentially increase physical activity level in sedentary children. Transport to school occur twice a day and could improve cardiovascular health in children. Commuter cycling is associated with lower mortality and cardiovascular disease rate in adults, but limited evidence exists in children.Methods:Participants were 334 children (age 9.7 ± 0.5 years) who were followed up 6 years later. Mode of travel to school was investigated by questionnaire. Cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors were compared by mode of travel to school both at baseline and at follow up and for subjects who changed mode of transportation. No difference was found between walkers and passive travelers, and these groups were merged in the analysis.Results:A consistent pattern of better CVD risk factor profile in commuter cyclists compared with children using other means of transport was found. Participants, who did not cycle to school at baseline, and who had changed to cycling at follow up, were fitter, had better cholesterol/HDL ratio, better glucose metabolism, and a lower composite CVD risk factor score than those who did not cycle at either time point.Conclusion:Cycling to school may contribute to a better cardiovascular risk factor profile in young people.

Physical Activity in Overweight and Obese Adolescents: Systematic Review of the Effects on Physical Fitness Components and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1139-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Vasconcellos ◽  
André Seabra ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Luiz Guilherme Kraemer-Aguiar ◽  
Eliete Bouskela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Obese Adolescents

scholarly journals Relationships of Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Changes in Physical Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk Profile in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: The Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study 2 (IDES_2)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Balducci ◽  
Jonida Haxhi ◽  
Massimo Sacchetti ◽  
Giorgio Orlando ◽  
Patrizia Cardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents

<a><strong>Objective.</strong></a> In the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study_2, a behavioral counseling <a>promoted</a> a sustained increase in physical activity (PA) volume (+3.3 metabolic equivalents-hour·week<sup>-1</sup>), moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA, +6.4 min·day<sup>-1</sup>), and light-intensity PA (LPA, +0.8 hours·day<sup>-1</sup>) and decrease in sedentary time (SED-time, -0.8 hours·day<sup>-1</sup>). Here, we investigated <a>the relationships of changes in PA/SED-time with changes in physical fitness and cardio-metabolic risk profile in individuals with type 2 diabetes</a>. <p><b>Research Design and Methods. </b><a>In this 3-year randomized clinical trial, 300 physically inactive and sedentary patients were randomized 1:1 to receive one-month theoretical and practical counseling once-a-year or standard care. </a>Changes in physical fitness and cardiovascular risk factors/scores according to quartiles of accelerometer-measured changes in PA/SED-time were assessed, together with univariate and multivariable associations between these parameters<a>, in the whole cohort and by study arm</a>.</p> <p><b>Results. </b>Physical fitness increased and HbA<sub>1c</sub> and coronary heart disease 10-year risk scores decreased with quartiles of MVPA and SED-time change. In quartile IV of MVPA increase and SED-time decrease, cardiorespiratory fitness increased by 5.23 and 4.49 ml·min<sup>-1</sup>·kg<sup>-1</sup> and HbA<sub>1c</sub> decreased by 0.73 and 0.85%, respectively. Univariate correlations confirmed these relationships and mean changes in both MPVA and SED-time predicted changes in physical fitness and cardiovascular risk factors/scores independently of one another and of other confounders. Similar findings were observed with LPA and PA volume and in each group separately.</p> <p><b>Conclusions. </b>Even modest increments in MVPA may have a clinically meaningful impact and reallocating SED-time to LPA may also contribute to improve outcomes, possibly by increasing total energy expenditure.</p>

Leisure-time physical activity, cardiovascular risk factors and mortality during a 34-year follow-up in men

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salla Savela ◽  
Pentti Koistinen ◽  
Reijo S. Tilvis ◽  
Arto Y. Strandberg ◽  
Kaisu H. Pitkälä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity

scholarly journals Association of leisure time and occupational physical activity with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (22) ◽  
pp. 2549-2559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Petermann-Rocha ◽  
Rosemary E. Brown ◽  
Ximena Diaz-Martínez ◽  
Ana M. Leiva ◽  
María A. Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity

scholarly journals Changes in leisure-time physical activity during the adult life span and relations to cardiovascular risk factors—Results from multiple Swedish studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256476
Author(s):  
Lars Lind ◽  
Björn Zethelius ◽  
Eva Lindberg ◽  
Nancy L. Pedersen ◽  
Liisa Byberg
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Life Span

Objective To evaluate how self-reported leisure-time physical activity (PA) changes during the adult life span, and to study how PA is related to cardiovascular risk factors using longitudinal studies. Methods Several Swedish population-based longitudinal studies were used in the present study (PIVUS, ULSAM, SHE, and SHM, ranging from hundreds to 30,000 participants) to represent information across the adult life span in both sexes. Also, two cross-sectional studies were used as comparison (EpiHealth, LifeGene). PA was assessed by questionnaires on a four or five-level scale. Results Taking results from several samples into account, an increase in PA from middle-age up to 70 years was found in males, but not in females. Following age 70, a decline in PA was seen. Young adults reported both a higher proportion of sedentary behavior and a higher proportion high PA than the elderly. Females generally reported a lower PA at all ages. PA was mainly associated with serum triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol, but also weaker relationships with fasting glucose, blood pressure and BMI were found. These relationships were generally less strong in elderly subjects. Conclusion Using data from multiple longitudinal samples the development of PA over the adult life span could be described in detail and the relationships between PA and cardiovascular risk factors were portrayed. In general, a higher or increased physical activity over time was associated with a more beneficial cardiovascular risk factor profile, especially lipid levels.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk factors in students at a public college institution in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Thiago Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
Mariana da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Sueyla Ferreira da Silva dos Santos ◽  
Silvio Aparecido Fonseca ◽  
Aline Rodrigues Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Assessment Of Stress

Objective: To compare the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in university students from a Brazilian public higher education institution between three surveys. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted with 1,084, 1,085, and 1,041 university students in 2010, 2012, and 2014, respectively, from an institution located in Bahia, Brazil. Outcomes were cardiovascular risk factors: overweight, leisure-time physical activity for < 150 min per week, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, consumption of meat and chicken with fat, fried snacks, soft drinks or artificial juices, smoking, drinking alcohol abuse, and negative self-assessment of stress in life. The independent variable was the year of the survey.The measure of association was the Prevalence Ratio (PR). The significance level was 5%. Results: In all surveys, there was a higher prevalence of college students with insufficient leisure-time physical activity, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, consumption of fatty and savory meat, and negative self-assessment of stress. Overweight and consumption of chicken with fat increased over the years of the survey. Prevalence decreased in the last survey among college students concerning the consumption of fruits, vegetables, snacks, and artificial soft drinks or juices (PR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.52–0.84). Conclusions: There was an increase in overweight; however, there were also positive modifications in eating habits among college students.

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