scholarly journals Relationship Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Amanda E. Staiano
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to pediatric 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods:The sample included 357 white and African American children aged 5–18 years. Physical activity, television viewing, and sleep duration were measured using questionnaires, and the 24-hour movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity on ≥5 days per week, ≤ 2 hours per day of television, and sleeping 9–11 hours per night (ages 5–13 y) or 8–10 hours per night (ages 14–18 y). Waist circumference, body fat, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose were measured in a clinical setting.Results:A total of 26.9% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 36.4%, 28.3%, and 8.4% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. There were significant associations between the number of guidelines met and body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, triglycerides, and glucose. There were no associations with blood pressure or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:Meeting more components of the 24-hour movement guidelines was associated with lower levels of obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors. Future efforts should consider novel strategies to simultaneously improve physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.

scholarly journals Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue and associations with cardiometabolic risk in Inuit, Africans and Europeans: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e038071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille Falberg Rønn ◽  
Gregers Stig Andersen ◽  
Torsten Lauritzen ◽  
Dirk Lund Christensen ◽  
Mette Aadahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

ObjectivesAbdominal fat has been identified as a risk marker of cardiometabolic disease independent of overall adiposity. However, it is not clear whether there are ethnic disparities in this risk. We investigated the associations of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with cardiometabolic risk factors in three ethnic diverse populations of Inuit, Africans and Europeans.DesignCross-sectional pooled study.SettingGreenland, Kenya and Denmark.MethodsA total of 5113 participants (2933 Inuit, 1397 Africans and 783 Europeans) from three studies in Greenland, Kenya and Denmark were included. Measurements included abdominal fat distribution assessed by ultrasound, oral glucose tolerance test, hepatic insulin resistance, blood pressure and lipids. The associations were analysed using multiple linear regressions.ResultsAcross ethnic group and gender, an increase in VAT of 1 SD was associated with higher levels of hepatic insulin resistance (ranging from 14% to 28%), triglycerides (8% to 16%) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, −1.0 to −0.05 mmol/L) independent of body mass index. VAT showed positive associations with most of the other cardiometabolic risk factors in Inuit and Europeans, but not in Africans. In contrast, SAT was mainly associated with the outcomes in Inuit and Africans. Of notice was that higher SAT was associated with higher HDL-C in African men (0.11 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.18) and with lower HDL-C in Inuit (−0.07 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.12 to –0.02), but not in European men (−0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.09 to 0.05). Generally weaker associations were observed for women. Furthermore, the absolute levels of several of the cardiometabolic outcomes differed between the ethnic groups.ConclusionsVAT and SAT were associated with several of the cardiometabolic risk factors beyond overall adiposity. Some of these associations were specific to ethnicity, suggesting that ethnicity plays a role in the pathway from abdominal fat to selected cardiometabolic risk factors.

Sedentary behavior moderates the relationship between physical activity and cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil A Malik ◽  
Jennifer Coto ◽  
Elizabeth R Pulgaron ◽  
Amber Daigre ◽  
Janine E Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Latino Children

Abstract This study investigated the role of objectively measured moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic risk factors of young Latino children. We hypothesized that MVPA would be associated with lower cardiometabolic risk when sedentary behavior is low. We studied 86 primarily low-income, Latino children using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 51 girls and 35 boys, with mean age 5.6 (SD = .53) years. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, anthropometric measures obtained, and fasting blood samples were used to measure cardiometabolic risk factors. Greater levels of sedentary behavior were associated with increased waist circumference (rs = .24, p < .05) and metabolic risks. MVPA, however, had significant beneficial associations with all cardiometabolic risk factors (rs-range = −.20 to −.45, p < .05) with the exception of plasma insulin. MVPA predicted latent variables representing anthropometric risk (β = −.57, p < .01), cardiac risk (β = −.74, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β = −.88, p < .01). Sedentary behavior significantly moderated the effect of MVPA on anthropometric (β-interaction = .49, p < .01), cardiac (β-interaction = .45, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β-interaction = .77, p < .01), such that more MVPA was associated with better health outcomes under conditions of lower sedentary behavior. The model explained 13%, 22%, and 45% variance in anthropometric, cardiac, and metabolic risk factors, respectively. Increased MVPA is associated with decreased cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children, particularly when sedentary behavior is low.

scholarly journals Adverse differences in cardiometabolic risk factor levels between individuals with pre-diabetes and normal glucose metabolism are more pronounced in women than in men: the Maastricht Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianneke de Ritter ◽  
Simone J S Sep ◽  
Carla J H van der Kallen ◽  
Miranda T Schram ◽  
Annemarie Koster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure Difference

ObjectiveTo investigate whether adverse differences in levels of cardiovascular risk factors in women than men, already established when comparing individuals with and without diabetes, are also present before type 2 diabetes onset.Research design and methodsIn a population-based cohort study of individuals aged 40-75 years (n=3410; 49% women, 29% type 2 diabetes (oversampled by design)), we estimated associations with cardiometabolic and lifestyle risk factors of (1) pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes (reference category: normal glucose metabolism) and (2) among non-diabetic individuals, of continuous levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Age-adjusted sex differences were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models with sex interaction terms.ResultsIn pre-diabetes, adverse differences in cardiometabolic risk factors were greater in women than men for systolic blood pressure (difference, 3.02 mm Hg; 95% CI:−0.26 to 6.30), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (difference, −0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.18 to −0.02), total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (difference, 0.22; 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.44), triglycerides (ratio: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.22), and inflammation markers Z-score (ratio: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.41). In type 2 diabetes, these sex differences were similar in direction, and of greater magnitude. Additionally, HbA1c among non-diabetic individuals was more strongly associated with several cardiometabolic risk factors in women than men: per one per cent point increase, systolic blood pressure (difference, 3.58 mm Hg; 95% CI: −0.03 to 7.19), diastolic blood pressure (difference, 2.10 mm Hg; 95% CI: −0.02 to 4.23), HDL cholesterol (difference, −0.09 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.19 to 0.00), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (difference, 0.26 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.47). With regard to lifestyle risk factors, no consistent pattern was observed.ConclusionOur results are consistent with the concept that the more adverse changes in cardiometabolic risk factors in women (than men) arise as a continuous process before the onset of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Combined Associations Between Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
Michael Borghese ◽  
Travis J. Saunders ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
Mélanie Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
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