Sedentary behavior moderates the relationship between physical activity and cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil A Malik ◽  
Jennifer Coto ◽  
Elizabeth R Pulgaron ◽  
Amber Daigre ◽  
Janine E Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Latino Children

Abstract This study investigated the role of objectively measured moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic risk factors of young Latino children. We hypothesized that MVPA would be associated with lower cardiometabolic risk when sedentary behavior is low. We studied 86 primarily low-income, Latino children using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 51 girls and 35 boys, with mean age 5.6 (SD = .53) years. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, anthropometric measures obtained, and fasting blood samples were used to measure cardiometabolic risk factors. Greater levels of sedentary behavior were associated with increased waist circumference (rs = .24, p < .05) and metabolic risks. MVPA, however, had significant beneficial associations with all cardiometabolic risk factors (rs-range = −.20 to −.45, p < .05) with the exception of plasma insulin. MVPA predicted latent variables representing anthropometric risk (β = −.57, p < .01), cardiac risk (β = −.74, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β = −.88, p < .01). Sedentary behavior significantly moderated the effect of MVPA on anthropometric (β-interaction = .49, p < .01), cardiac (β-interaction = .45, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β-interaction = .77, p < .01), such that more MVPA was associated with better health outcomes under conditions of lower sedentary behavior. The model explained 13%, 22%, and 45% variance in anthropometric, cardiac, and metabolic risk factors, respectively. Increased MVPA is associated with decreased cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children, particularly when sedentary behavior is low.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Amanda E. Staiano
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to pediatric 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods:The sample included 357 white and African American children aged 5–18 years. Physical activity, television viewing, and sleep duration were measured using questionnaires, and the 24-hour movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity on ≥5 days per week, ≤ 2 hours per day of television, and sleeping 9–11 hours per night (ages 5–13 y) or 8–10 hours per night (ages 14–18 y). Waist circumference, body fat, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose were measured in a clinical setting.Results:A total of 26.9% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 36.4%, 28.3%, and 8.4% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. There were significant associations between the number of guidelines met and body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, triglycerides, and glucose. There were no associations with blood pressure or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:Meeting more components of the 24-hour movement guidelines was associated with lower levels of obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors. Future efforts should consider novel strategies to simultaneously improve physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.

scholarly journals Combined Associations Between Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
Michael Borghese ◽  
Travis J. Saunders ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
Mélanie Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

scholarly journals Body Adiposity, But Not Elements of Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior or Physical Activity, Is Associated With Circulating Liver Enzymes in Adults With Overweight and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saara Laine ◽  
Tanja Sjöros ◽  
Henri Vähä-Ypyä ◽  
Taru Garthwaite ◽  
Eliisa Löyttyniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Body Adiposity

ObjectiveWe studied the associations between accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior (SB) and habitual physical activity (PA) as well as markers of body adiposity and other cardiometabolic risk factors with liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT).MethodsA total of 144 middle-aged adults (mean age 57 (SD 6.5) years) with overweight or obesity (mean body mass index [BMI] 31.8 [SD 3.9] kg/m2) participated. Different components of SB (sitting, lying) and PA (standing, breaks in SB, daily steps, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA and total PA) were measured with validated hip-worn accelerometers for four consecutive weeks (mean 25 days, [SD 4]). Fasting venous blood samples were analysed using standard assays. The associations were examined with Pearson’s partial correlation coefficient test and linear mixed model.ResultsAmong 102 women and 42 men accelerometer measured SB or the elements of PA were not associated with circulating liver enzymes. When adjusted for age and sex, liver enzymes correlated positively with BMI and waist circumference (WC) (ALT r=0.34, p<0.0001, r=0.41, < 0.0001, AST r=0.17, p=0.049, r=0.26, p=0.002, GGT r=0.29, p=0.0005, r=0.32, p < 0.0001, respectively). SB proportion associated positively with BMI (r=0.21, p=0.008) and WC (r=0.27, p=0.001). Components of PA associated negatively with BMI (MVPA r=-0.23, p=0.005, daily steps r=-0.30, p<0.0001 and breaks in sedentary time r=-0.32, p<0.0001), as well as with WC (breaks in SB r=-0.35, p<0.0001, MVPA r=-0.26, p=0.002, daily steps r=-0.31, p<0.0001, standing time r=-0.27, p=0.001). Liver enzymes associated positively with common cardiometabolic markers such as resting heart rate (ALT; β=0.17, p=0.03, AST; β=0.25, p=0.002, GGT; β=0.23, p=0.004) and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (ALT β=0.20, p=0.01, β=0.22, p=0.005, AST (only diastolic) β=0.23, p=0.006, GGT β=0.19, p=0.02, = 0.23, p=0.004, respectively), fasting insulin (ALT β=0.41, p<0.0001, AST β=0.36, p=0.0003, GGT β=0.20, p=0.04) and insulin resistance index (ALT β=0.42, p<0.0001, AST β=0.36, p=0.0003, GGT β=0.21, p=0.03), even after adjustment with BMI.ConclusionsLiver enzymes correlate with body adiposity and appear to cluster with other common cardiometabolic risk factors, even independently of body adiposity. SB and PA appear not to be essential in modulating the levels of circulating liver enzymes.

scholarly journals Environmental and Psychological Differences in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Among Young Adults at Cardiometabolic Risks: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Li ◽  
Hsin-Yen Yen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Young adults’ physical activity is a foundation of creating future healthy lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to explore differences in physical activity, sedentary behavior, walkability, and health beliefs between young adults with and without cardiometabolic risk factors and the influence of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire.Results: Totally, 1149 valid responses were received for a response rate of 86.32%. A significant effect of cardiometabolic risk factors on the physical activity and sedentary time among groups was found. Young adults at high risk had a lower probability of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity than did healthy adults. Individuals who perceived that there were more recreational facilities, higher benefits of exercise, and lower barriers to exercise were more likely to participate in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.Conclusions: Engaging in physical activity from environment and psychological perspectives is necessary for young adults’ cardiometabolic health promotion.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Sedentary Patterns among Metabolically Healthy Individuals Living with Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika de Winter ◽  
Brittany V. Rioux ◽  
Jonathan G. Boudreau ◽  
Danielle R. Bouchard ◽  
Martin Sénéchal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Background. Some individuals living with obesity are free from typical cardiometabolic risk factors and are termed metabolically healthy obese (MHO). The patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among MHO are currently unknown. Methods. This study includes 414 youth (12–18 years old), 802 adults (19–44 years old), and 1230 older adults (45–85 years old) living with obesity from the 2003-2004 or 2005-2006 NHANES cycles. Time spent in bouts of 1, 5, 10, 30, and 60 minutes for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time was measured objectively using accelerometers. Participants were categorized as MHO if they had no cardiometabolic risk factors above the identified thresholds (triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and glucose). Results. The proportion of MHO was 19%, 14%, and 12% in youth, adults, and older adults, respectively. MHO adults displayed a higher 1-minute bout of MVPA per day compared to non-MHO (p=0.02), but no difference was observed for MVPA and sedentary behavior patterns for youth and older adults. When adjusted for confounders, all bouts of sedentary behavior patterns in youth were significantly associated with being classified as MHO. Conclusion. This study suggests that greater sedentary time is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in youth even if they are physically active.

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