Goal Settings Self-Efficacy, and Exercise Behavior

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Poag ◽  
Edward McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Organizational Literature

Whereas the success of goal setting is well documented in the industrial-organizational literature (Locke & Latham, 1990), the empirical efforts to determine its effectiveness in sport settings have met with minimal success, and no studies exist that document the role played by goals in successful adherence to exercise regimens. We examined the relationships among goals, efficacy, and exercise behavior in the context of community conditioning classes. Female participants' goal efficacy was predictive of perceived goal achievement at the end of the program, and exercise self-efficacy was significantly related to subsequent intensity but not frequency of exercise participation. Moreover, a proposed interaction between exercise importance and self-efficacy failed to account for further variation in physical activity participation. The results are discussed in terms of the physical activity history of the sample and the roles played by goals and efficacy at diverse stages of the exercise process.

Correlates of Physical Activity Participation in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy Haley ◽  
Ross Andel
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Exercise Participation

The authors examined factors related to participation in walking, gardening or yard work, and sports or exercise in 686 community-dwelling adults 60–95 years of age from Wave IV of the population-based Americans’ Changing Lives Study. Logistic regression revealed that male gender, being married, and better functional health were associated with greater likelihood of participating in gardening or yard work (p < .05). Male gender, better functional health, and lower body-mass index were independently associated with greater likelihood of walking (p < .05). Increasing age, male gender, higher education, and better functional health were associated with greater likelihood of participating in sports or exercise (p < .05). Subsequent analyses yielded an interaction of functional health by gender in sport or exercise participation (p = .06), suggesting a greater association between functional health and participation in men. Gender and functional health appear to be particularly important for physical activity participation, which may be useful in guiding future research. Attention to different subgroups may be needed to promote participation in specific activities.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Breast on Physical Activity Participation in Females

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Burnett ◽  
Jenny White ◽  
Joanna Scurr
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Breast Health ◽  
Breast Pain ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Activity Survey

Background:The importance of physical activity is well known.1 However, previous research suggests that breast movement during exercise can be painful, embarrassing, and anecdotally deter exercise participation.2,3 Therefore, this research investigates whether the breast influences physical activity participation.Methods:Female respondents (n = 249) completed a breast health and physical activity survey assessing bras and bra fit, physical activity, breast pain, comments and improvements, breast history, and demographics.Results:Results found that the breast was a barrier to physical activity participation for 17% of women. “I can’t find the right sports bra” and “I am embarrassed by excessive breast movement” were the most influential breast related barriers to activity. Breast pain increased with vigorous activity and poor breast support. Breast health knowledge increased the use of a sports bra and levels of physical activity.Conclusions:The breast was the fourth greatest barrier to physical activity, behind energy/motivation (first), time constraints (second), and health (third), despite its omission from previous physical activity literature. As 33% of women were not meeting physical activity guidelines, increasing breast health knowledge may reduce barriers to physical activity.

Application of the Transtheoretical Model to Physical Activity in Deaf Individuals

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Korologou ◽  
Vassilis Barkoukis ◽  
Lambros Lazuras ◽  
Haralambos Tsorbatzoudis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Preparation Stage

The current study used the transtheoretical model (TTM) as a guiding theoretical framework to assess differences in processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy among deaf individuals with different levels of physical activity. Overall, 146 participants (M age = 26.4 yr, SD = 4.28) completed anonymous questionnaires assessing the dimensions of the TTM, stages of change, processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy. Analysis of variance showed that both experiential and behavioral processes of change were higher in the preparation, action, and maintenance stages than in the other stages. Accordingly, the benefits of physical activity participation were stronger in the preparation stage, whereas the costs were more evident in the precontemplation stage. Finally, self-efficacy at the preparation stage was higher than in the other stages. The findings revealed how different stages of physical activity participation can be explained through the TTM, and the implications for physical activity intervention are discussed.

Popular Media Representations of Physical Activity Among Mothers

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret P. Sanders ◽  
Deirdre Dlugonski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Popular Magazines ◽  
Recommended Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. Many mothers fail to meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity. Popular media magazines targeting mothers provide information about physical activity and health, but little is known about the framing and content of physical activity messages within these sources. The aim of this content analysis was to analyze the framing and content (i.e., benefits, consequences, and sources of self-efficacy) of physical activity messages directed toward mothers in popular magazines. Method. Ten popular magazines were selected for data analysis and coded independently by two researchers in NVivo Version 10.0 for gain- or loss-framed messages, benefits and consequences of physical activity, and sources of self-efficacy. Results. Most of the 164 articles encouraged physical activity by presenting benefits associated with physical activity. These benefits primarily focused on weight loss and fitness gains and few articles used self-efficacy messages to enhance confidence in physical activity participation. Conclusions. It is promising that popular media magazines used gain-framed messages about the benefits of physical activity for mothers. Future research should focus on finding ways of using popular media outlets to promote a more comprehensive set of physical activity benefits, enhance physical activity self-efficacy, and determine the impact of such messages on physical activity participation.

Self-Efficacy and Participation in Vigorous Physical Activity by High School Students

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Allison ◽  
John J. M. Dwyer ◽  
Susan Makin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
School Students

The relationship between physical activity self-efficacy and participation in vigorous physical activity by high school students is examined in this article. Self-efficacy is hypothesized to be positively related to participation in three settings (physical education class, other school-related activities, and outside of school). The effects of age, gender, perceived barriers, and actual barriers are also examined. The sample consists of 1,041 grade 9 and 11 students from a large Metropolitan Toronto school board. Factors derived from a previous (factor) analysis were used to examine the effects of self-efficacy, perceived barriers, and life strain (an actual barrier). The results of multiple regression analysis indicate that physical activity self-efficacy, despite external barriers (but not internal barriers), is predictive of physical activity participation in the hypothesized direction. Other results show consistent age and gender effects on physical activity participation and some support for the hypothesized relationship between perceived barriers and participation.

Health-Related Fitness, Physical Activity, and History of Back Pain

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Payne ◽  
Norman Gledhill ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Veronica Jamnik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Waist Girth ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Back Extensor

The relationship between history of back pain and measurements of both health-related fitness and physical activity participation was examined in 233 males and 287 females, aged 15-69 years. Participants were divided by gender into those reporting no history (NH) or a history (H) of recurring back pain. Analysis of variance indicated that trunk flexion, back extensor endurance, and physical activity participation were significantly higher for NH and waist girth significantly lower for NH in both genders. In females, mean abdominal muscular endurance was significantly higher in NH. Forward stepwise discriminant function analyses indicated that the best discriminators between NH and H were back extensor endurance and physical activity participation in both genders and waist girth in females. These findings support using measurements of trunk flexion, abdominal muscular endurance, back extensor endurance, physical activity participation, and waist girth as indicators of back fitness in the evaluation of back health. Key words: back fitness, back extensor endurance, trunk flexion, curl-ups, waist girth

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