scholarly journals A Meta-Analytic Review of the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior in Physical Activity: Predictive Validity and the Contribution of Additional Variables

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S. Hagger ◽  
Nikos L.D. Chatzisarantis ◽  
Stuart J.H. Biddle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Quantitative Integration

The aim of the present study was to examine relations between behavior, intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, and past behavior across studies using the Theories of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Planned Behavior (TPB) in a physical activity context. Meta-analytic techniques were used to correct the correlations between the TRA/TPB constructs for statistical artifacts across 72 studies, and path analyses were conducted to examine the pattern of relationships among the variables. Results demonstrated that the TRA and TPB both exhibited good fit with the corrected correlation matrices, but the TPB accounted for more variance in physical activity intentions and behavior. In addition, self-efficacy explained unique variance in intention, and the inclusion of past behavior in the model resulted in the attenuation of the intention-behavior, attitude-intention, self-efficacy-intention, and self-efficacy-behavior relationships. There was some evidence that the study relationships were moderated by attitude-intention strength and age, but there was a lack of homogeneity in the moderator groups. It was concluded that the major relationships of the TRA/TPB were supported in this quantitative integration of the physical activity literature, and the inclusion of self-efficacy and past behavior are important additions to the model.

Prediction of Physical Activity Intention from Social Psychological Variables: Results from the Campbell's Survey of Weil-Being

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard M. Waekel ◽  
W. Kerry Mummery ◽  
Thomas Stephens ◽  
Cora L. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Behavior Intention ◽  
Relative Utility

The purpose of the study was to investigate the utility of various social-psychological variables for predicting intentions to engage in physical activity within a national population. More specifically, attitude, perceived behavioral control, and perceived social support measures were utilized to provide modified operationalizations of the theories of planned behavior and reasoned action in order to assess their relative utility for predicting physical activity intentions. Data from the Campbell's Survey of the Weil-Being of Canadians enabled the assessment of the predictive efficacy of the two models in the overall population, as well as in various population subgroups. The theory of planned behavior was found to account for a substantially greater percentage of the behavior intention variance (31%) than did the theory of reasoned action (15%). Further, the study provides some support for the utility of the theory of planned behavior for understanding the activity intentions of different population groups.

scholarly journals Determinants of Teachers’ Intentions to Teach Physically Active Physical Education Classes

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Martin ◽  
Pamela Hodges Kulinna ◽  
Robert C. Eklund ◽  
Brett Reed
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Physically Active

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine determinants of teachers’ intentions to teach physically active physical education classes (i.e., spend at least 50% of class time with the students engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity). Based on the theories of reasoned action, planned behavior, and self-efficacy, a model was examined hypothesizing that teachers’ intentions were determined by subjective norm, attitude, perceived behavioral control, and self-efficacy. Using hierarchical regression analyses, the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior were supported by accounting for 65% of the variance in intention due to the main effects of attitude and subjective norm, as well as their interaction effects. The role of perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy theory were not supported.

Predicting Vigorous Physical Activity of Corporate Employees: Comparing the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Kimiecik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
And Behavior

The purpose of the present study was to compare the utility of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior in predicting the exercise intentions and behavior of corporate employees. Corporate employees (/7=332) who completed two questionnaires served as subjects. The first questionnaire assessed intentions, subjective norm, attitude, and perceived control with respect to participating in regular, vigorous physical activity. Participants also completed a follow-up questionnaire 4 weeks later that assessed self-reported frequency of vigorous physical activity during those 4 weeks. Hierarchical-regression analyses indicated that perceived behavioral control (the critical variable in the theory of planned behavior) accounted for a significant portion of the variance in intentions and self-reported exercise behavior, above that accounted for by reasoned action. These results lend support to Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, which suggests that individuals' perceptions of control are most important when attempting behaviors that are not completely under volitional control.

How to Motivate Childcare Workers to Engage Preschoolers in Physical Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Gagné ◽  
Isabelle Harnois
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Moral Norm ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Childcare Centers ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Childcare Workers ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background:Data available indicate that numerous childcare workers are not strongly motivated to engage children aged 3–5 in physical activity. Using the theory of planned behavior as the main theoretical framework, this study has 2 objectives: to identify the determinants of the intention of childcare workers to engage preschoolers in physical activity and to identify the variables that could be used to develop an intervention to motivate childcare workers to support preschoolers’ physical activity.Methods:174 childcare workers from 60 childcare centers selected at random in 2 regions of Quebec completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing the constructs of the theory of planned behavior as well as past behavior, descriptive norm and moral norm.Results:Moral norm, perceived behavioral control and subjective norm explained 85% of the variance in intention to engage the children in physical activity.Conclusions:To motivate childcare workers, it is necessary that they perceive that directors, children’s parents and coworkers approve of their involvement in children’s physical activity. In addition, their ability to overcome perceived barriers (lack of time, loaded schedule, inclement weather) should be developed. Access to a large outdoor yard might also help motivate childcare workers.

The Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior Applied to Exercise: A Meta-analytic Update

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Symons Downs ◽  
Heather A. Hausenblas
Keyword(s):  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Exercise Intention

Background:Statistical reviews of the theories of reasoned action (TRA) and planned behavior (TPB) applied to exercise are limited by methodological issues including insufficient sample size and data to examine some moderator associations.Methods:We conducted a meta-analytic review of 111 TRA/TPB and exercise studies and examined the influences of five moderator variables.Results:We found that: a) exercise was most strongly associated with intention and perceived behavioral control; b) intention was most strongly associated with attitude; and c) intention predicted exercise behavior, and attitude and perceived behavioral control predicted intention. Also, the time interval between intention to behavior; scale correspondence; subject age; operationalization of subjective norm, intention, and perceived behavioral control; and publication status moderated the size of the effect.Conclusions:The TRA/TPB effectively explained exercise intention and behavior and moderators of this relationship. Researchers and practitioners are more equipped to design effective interventions by understanding the TRA/TPB constructs.

scholarly journals The effect of perceived educational support, self-efficacy and planned behavior predictors on entrepreneurial intention of Ho Chi Minh City University students

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Ngoc Duy Phuong ◽  
Quang Ngoc Thuy Van ◽  
Nguyen Duc Dung
Keyword(s):  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Education Support ◽  
Practical Implications

The research attempts to quantify the significance of perceived education support, self-efficacy, and the theory of planned behavior in predicting the entrepreneurial intention among undergraduate students in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The paper employs a 28-item questionnaire to acquire information on undergraduate demographics and six variables based on the five-point Likert scale. SmartPLS version 3.0 was applied to analyze statistical data collecting from 312 students in three selected universities in Ho Chi Minh City. The findings indicate that perceived education support and two elements of theory planned behavior, specifically, attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control positively and significantly affect entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, perceived education support had a strong correlation on attitude towards entrepreneurship. Overall, the paper suggests practical implications in increasing entrepreneurship intention toward undergraduates.

Gender differences for theory-based determinants of muscle-strengthening physical activity in college-aged students: a moderation analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Fairchild Saidi ◽  
Paul Branscum
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Reasoned Action Approach ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Perceived Norms ◽  
Motivational Interventions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Researchers and practitioners have primarily focused on understanding and promoting aerobic forms of physical activity (PA), while leaving muscle-strengthening forms of PA less understood. There are also stark gender disparities for muscle-strengthening PA but not aerobic PA. The purpose of this study was to apply the reasoned action approach (RAA) toward understanding theory-based determinants of muscle-strengthening PA and to explore gender differences. Female (n = 272) and male (n = 120) college students completed a valid and reliable survey evaluating their participation in muscle-strengthening PA and the constructs of the RAA (intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control [PBC]). Results showed that attitudes, perceived norms, and PBC explained a substantial amount of the variance of intentions for both female (53.8%) and male (54.7%) participants; however, when predicting participation in muscle-strengthening PA, PBC moderated the relationship between intentions and muscle-strengthening PA participation for female participants but not for male participants. Results from this study showed that for women, implementational processes are likely needed for public health interventions to promote muscle-strengthening PA to build capability, skills, and self-efficacy, while for men, motivational interventions are warranted to create favorable attitudes.

Predicting Physical Activity Intention and Behavior in School-Age Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Foley ◽  
Harry Prapavessis ◽  
Ralph Maddison ◽  
Shauna Burke ◽  
Erin McGowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Efficacy Measures ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
And Behavior

Two studies were conducted to predict physical activity in school-aged children. Study 1 tested the utility of an integrated model in predicting physical activity (PA) intention and behavior—the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and self-efficacy theory. Six hundred and forty-five New Zealand children (aged 11–13 years) completed measures corresponding to the integrated model and a self-reported measure of PA one week later. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm were the two strongest predictors of intentions. Task efficacy and barrier efficacy were the two strongest predictors of PA. A second study (Study 2) was conducted to determine whether the self-efficacy measures could discriminate objectively measured PA levels. Sixty-seven Canadian children (aged 11–13 years) completed task and barrier self-efficacy measures. The following week, children classified as ‘high’ (n = 11) and ‘lower’ (n = 7) for both task and barrier efficacy wore an Actical® monitor for seven consecutive days to provide activity-related energy expenditure (AEE) data. Results showed that children with high efficacy expended significantly greater AEE than their lower efficacious counterparts. Findings from these two studies provide support for the use of self-efficacy interventions as a potentially useful means of increasing PA levels among school-aged children.

The Theory of Planned Behavior and Physical Activity Change: Outcomes of the Aging Well and Healthily Intervention Program for Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elske Stolte ◽  
Marijke Hopman-Rock ◽  
Marja J. Aartsen ◽  
Theo G. van Tilburg ◽  
Astrid Chorus
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Aging Well

The predictive value of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on intention and physical activity (PA) over time was examined. Data from the Aging Well and Healthily intervention program (targeting perceived behavioral control and attitude, not subjective norm) were analyzed, including pretest (T0), posttest (T1, except subjective norm) and 4–6 months follow-up (T2, PA outcomes only) (N = 387, M age 72 years). Structural equation modeling was used to test a TPB model. PA was measured subjectively using the Voorrips sports subscale (T0 and T2), items measured perceived increase in PA (T1), and adherence to exercises (T1 and T2). Model fit was good. The TPB explained variation in intention well (R2 .54–.60) and some PA behavior (R2 .13–.16). The intervention successfully got participants to exercise independent of the measured TPB concepts. More TPB studies in the context of interventions are needed.

Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to Physical Activity: The Moderating Role of Mental Toughness

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Hannan ◽  
Robyn L. Moffitt ◽  
David L. Neumann ◽  
Patrick R. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Toughness Index

This study explored whether mental toughness, the capacity to maintain performance under pressure, moderated the relation between physical activity intentions and subsequent behavior. Participants (N = 117) completed the Mental Toughness Index and a theory of planned behavior questionnaire. Seven days later, physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control explained substantial variance (63.1%) in physical activity intentions. Intentions also significantly predicted physical activity behavior. The simple slopes analyses for the moderation effect revealed a nonsignificant intention–behavior relation at low levels of mental toughness. However, intentions were significantly and positively related to physical activity when mental toughness was moderate or high, suggesting that the development of a mentally tough mindset may reduce the gap between behavior and physical activity intention. Future research is needed to confirm these findings and apply them in the design of mental toughness interventions to facilitate physical activity engagement.

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