Linking Selected Kinematic, Anthropometric and Hydrodynamic Variables to Young Swimmer Performance

The aim of this study was to develop a structural equation model (i.e., a confirmatory technique that analyzes relationships among observed variables) for young swimmer performance based on selected kinematic, anthropometric and hydrodynamic variables. A total of 114 subjects (73 boys and 41 girls of mean age of 12.31 ± 1.09 years; 47.91 ± 10.81 kg body mass; 156.57 ± 10.90 cm height and Tanner stages 1–2) were evaluated. The variables assessed were the: (i) 100 [m] freestyle performance; (ii) stroke index; (iii) speed fluctuation; (iv) stroke distance; (v) active drag; (vi) arm span and; (vii) hand surface area. All paths were significant (p < .05). However, in deleting the path between the hand surface area and the stroke index, the model goodness-of-fit significantly improved. Swimming performance in young swimmers appeared to be dependent on swimming efficiency (i.e., stroke index), which is determined by the remaining variables assessed, except for the hand surface area. Therefore, young swimmer coaches and practitioners should design training programs with a focus on technical training enhancement (i.e., improving swimming efficiency).

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The Influence of Anthropometric, Kinematic and Energetic Variables and Gender on Swimming Performance in Youth Athletes

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2013-0083 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 203-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jorge E Morais ◽

Nuno D Garrido ◽

Mário C Marques ◽

António J Silva ◽

Daniel A Marinho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Swimming Performance ◽

Gender Effect ◽

Swimming Velocity ◽

Stroke Index ◽

Propulsive Efficiency ◽

Stroke Frequency ◽

Self Evaluation ◽

Speed Fluctuation ◽

And Gender

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the: (i) gender; (ii) performance and; (iii) gender versus performance interactions in young swimmers’ anthropometric, kinematic and energetic variables. One hundred and thirty six young swimmers (62 boys: 12.76 ± 0.72 years old at Tanner stages 1-2 by self-evaluation; and 64 girls: 11.89 ± 0.93 years old at Tanner stages 1-2 by self-evaluation) were evaluated. Performance, anthropometrics, kinematics and energetic variables were selected. There was a non-significant gender effect on performance, body mass, height, arm span, trunk transverse surface area, stroke length, speed fluctuation, swimming velocity, propulsive efficiency, stroke index and critical velocity. A significant gender effect was found for foot surface area, hand surface area and stroke frequency. A significant sports level effect was verified for all variables, except for stroke frequency, speed fluctuation and propulsive efficiency. Overall, swimmers in quartile 1 (the ones with highest sports level) had higher anthropometric dimensions, better stroke mechanics and energetics. These traits decrease consistently throughout following quartiles up to the fourth one (i.e. swimmers with the lowest sports level). There was a non-significant interaction between gender and sports level for all variables. Our main conclusions were as follows: (i) there are non-significant differences in performance, anthropometrics, kinematics and energetics between boys and girls; (ii) swimmers with best performance are taller, have higher surface areas and better stroke mechanics; (iii) there are non-significant interactions between sports level and gender for anthropometrics, kinematics and energetics.

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The Structural Equation Models Of Environmental Concern and Knowledge To Green Trust and Green Purchase Intention Towards Green Products (Guideliness)

10.31227/osf.io/sqm28 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

rizka zulfikar

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Model ◽

Purchase Intention ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Environmental Concern ◽

Equation Model ◽

Environmental Knowledge ◽

Green Product ◽

Green Trust ◽

Fit Index

This research aims to find a structural equation model that can explain the relationship and influence of the environmental concern and Environmental Knowledge to green trust and green purchase intention towards green product. This study is a survey research using questionnaires as an instrument. Population and sample used in this study is public of South Kalimantan Province and taken as many as 150 respondents using non-purposivesampling method. The analysis technique used are : the instruments test, the construct validity and reliability test, the suitability of the model based on the goodness of fit index, pathways analysis and the Influence test according to the model of SEM that complies with the goodness of fit index to determine the effect of variable perception value and risk to public trust. The study found that: (1) Structural equation model of the correlation between the environmental concern and Environmental Knowledge to green trust and green purchase intention towards green product are comply with the criteria and standards of goodness of fit index, (2) (3) (4)

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Structural equation model of affecting factors on elder abuse to patients under hemodialysis by family caregivers

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02291-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amaneh Mahmoudian ◽

Abbas Shamsalinia ◽

Atefeh Alipour ◽

Zahra Fotoukian ◽

Fatemeh Ghaffari

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Structural Equation Model ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Elder Abuse ◽

Equation Model ◽

Care Burden ◽

Beta Coefficient ◽

Fit Index

Abstract Background The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of older adults with hemodialysis (HD) abuse by family caregivers and the factors affecting it. Method This is a correlational-causal study, which is conducted in 2018 in Iran. The sample size was 367 in both groups (the older adults and their family caregivers). Data collection was done using an individual-social information questionnaire for the older adults under hemodialysis and their family caregivers, the questionnaire of elder abuse by family caregivers to the older people under hemodialysis, Zarit Burden Interview and the scale of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Data were analyzed by the structural equation model (SEM) method. The Fitness of proposed pattern was measured using the following indexes: chi-square/degree of freedom ratio (CMIN/DF), Normed Fit Index (NFI), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit index (GFI), and standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR). The significant level in this study was considered p < 0.05. Results The results of the present study showed that more than 70 % of the older adults suffer from elder abuse by family caregivers on average. The highest median elder abuse was related to emotional misbehavior (21.46 ± 6.09) and financial misbehavior (19.07 ± 5.33), respectively. Moderate care burden was experienced by 63.2 % of caregivers. The percentage of older women and men, who needed help with daily activities was 81.4 and 80.5 %, respectively. The results showed that the caregivers’ level of education and care burden with standard beta coefficient of -0.251 and 0.200 and the educational level of older adults and IADL with the best beta coefficient of -0.299 and − 0.234, had the highest regression effect on elder abuse respectively. According to the results, the model-fit indices of the hypothesized model was meet the criteria, with the NFI = 0.951, GFI = 0.970, CFI = 0.967, and SRMR = 0.041. The outcome was suitable for the recommended level, so the hypothetical model appeared to fit the data. Conclusions The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of elder abuse by family caregivers among the older adults under hemodialysis is high. Providing psychological counseling can reduce the consequences of elder abuse.

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Relationships Between Propulsion and Anthropometry in Paralympic Swimmers

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2014-0186 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 978-985 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andrew A. Dingley ◽

David B. Pyne ◽

Brendan Burkett

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Physical Disability ◽

Swimming Performance ◽

Upper Body ◽

Swimming Velocity ◽

Frontal Surface ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Arm Span ◽

Upper Body Power

Purpose:To characterize relationships between propulsion, anthropometry, and performance in Paralympic swimming.Methods:A cross-sectional study of swimmers (13 male, 15 female) age 20.5 ± 4.4 y was conducted. Subject locomotor categorizations were no physical disability (n = 8, classes S13–S14) and low-severity (n = 11, classes S9–S10) or midseverity disability (n = 9, classes S6–S8). Full anthropometric profiles estimated muscle mass and body fat, a bilateral swim-bench ergometer quantified upper-body power production, and 100-m time trials quantified swimming performance.Results:Correlations between ergometer mean power and swimming performance increased with degree of physical disability (low-severity male r = .65, ±0.56, and female r = .68, ±0.64; midseverity, r = .87, ±0.41, and r = .79, ±0.75). The female midseverity group showed nearperfect (positive) relationships for taller swimmers’ (with a greater muscle mass and longer arm span) swimming faster, while for female no- and low-severity-disability groups, greater muscle mass was associated with slower velocity (r = .78, ±0.43, and r = .65, ±0.66). This was supported with lighter females (with less frontal surface area) in the low-severity group being faster (r = .94, ±0.24). In a gender contrast, low-severity males with less muscle mass (r = -.64, ±0.56), high skinfolds (r = .78, ±0.43), a longer arm span (r = .58, ±0.60) or smaller frontal surface area (r = -.93, ±0.19) were detrimental to swimming-velocity production.Conclusion:Low-severity male and midseverity female Paralympic swimmers should be encouraged to develop muscle mass and upper-body power to enhance swimming performance. The generalized anthropometric measures appear to be a secondary consideration for coaches.

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THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE SALESPERSON’S PERFORMANCE BY SALESPERSON’S TECHNICAL COMPETENCY, SALES SOFT CAPABILITY, SERVICE ORIENTATION, AND ADAPTIVE SELLING

Jurnal Sains Pemasaran Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Marketing Science) ◽

10.14710/jspi.v16i3.167-181 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Shandy Ibnu Zakaria ◽

Augusty Tae Ferdinand ◽

Susilo Toto Raharjo

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Equation Model ◽

Distribution Area ◽

Service Orientation ◽

Chi Square ◽

Adaptive Selling ◽

Central Java ◽

Technical Competency

This research aims to find out whether a salesperson’s technical competention, sales soft capability, service orientation, and adaptive selling have any impact to improve salespersons’ performance in a case study of Prepaid Television Channel Transvision’s Salesperson in distribution area Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta. This research takes 102 respondents as the object and uses sampling technique.Data analysis technic that is used in this research is structural equation model (SEM) from AMOS 22 software. The test result done using SEM shows the goodness of fit full model criteria which are Chi-square = 67,203; Probability = 0,035; CMIN/DF = 1,400; GFI = 0,905; AGFI = 0,845, TLI = 0,904; CFI = 0,930; dan RMSEA = 0,063. Therefore, it can be said that the model in this research is qualified to use. The research findings show that from 6 hypothesis being tested, there are 2 hypothesis rejected and 4 hypothesis accepted. The first hypothesis which is salesperson’s technical competency has positive impact and is significant. The second hypothesis which is salesperson’s technique has positive impact and is significant. The third hypothesis sales soft capability has positive impact but is not significan. The fourth hypothesis sales soft capability has positive impact and is significant. The fifth hypothesis service orientation has positive impact and is significant. The sixth hypothesis which is adaptive selling has positive impact but is not significant with value. This research has several limitation and gives the agenda for the further researches to be done after this research.

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Methamphetamine use among people who inject heroin in Hanoi, Vietnam

MedPharmRes ◽

10.32895/ump.mpr.6.1.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

Thuy Thi Dieu Dao ◽

Trang Thu Nguyen ◽

Tam Minh Nguyen ◽

Daniel Feaster ◽

Giang Minh Le

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Family Functioning ◽

Structural Equation Model ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Equation Model ◽

Urine Test ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Methamphetamine Use ◽

History Of

Introduction: The pattern of drug use in Vietnam has changed rapidly over the past decade, and a large number of people who have a history of heroin injection reportedly use methamphetamine. This paper describes factors associated with methamphetamine use among people who inject heroin in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey among 521 heroin injectors who were recruited through chain referral and outreach at community and clinic settings. Eligibility criteria included: (1) male aged 18 or older; (2) reported heroin injecting during the 12 months before the survey; (3) agreed for a urine test to detect methamphetamine and opiate metabolites. The primary outcome, methamphetamine use, was defined as selfreported methamphetamine use during the 30 days before the survey and/or having a urine test positive for methamphetamine. Structural Equation Model was used to evaluate associated factors for methamphetamine use. Results: One third of participants qualified as methamphetamine users as defined in this study. A longer history of heroin use (β=0.126, p<0.001), using MDMA and/or cannabis (β=0.28, p<0.001) and not using condom during sex (β=0.139, p<0.001) were positively associated with methamphetamine use. Family functioning (β=-0.141; p<0.001) was protective. The goodness-of-fit of Structural Equation Model was excellent (CFI=0.934; TLI=0.912; RMSEA=0.033; WRMR=0.98). Conclusions: Methamphetamine use among people who inject heroin is a substantial issue in Hanoi. Family functioning has made a critical contribution on reducing methamphetamine use. Future studies should pay attention to address the role of factors at the family level in addition to individual-level factors towards the pattern of drug use.

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Pengaruh Kompetensi Menjual, Kualitas Hubungan, dan Pengalaman Menjual untuk meningkatkan Kinerja Tenaga Penjualan (Studi pada PT. New Ratna Motor Semarang)

Jurnal Sains Pemasaran Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Marketing Science) ◽

10.14710/jspi.v16i1.1-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Aulia Arma ◽

Augusty Tae Ferdinand ◽

Susilo Toto Raharjo

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Model ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Equation Model ◽

Full Model ◽

Chi Square

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi menjual, kualitas hubungan, dan pengalaman menjual untuk meningkatkan kinerja tenaga penjualan di PT. New Ratna Motor. Adapun objek pada penelitian ini adalah tenaga penjualan PT. New Ratna Motor. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 139 responden dan teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik sensus.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik structural equation model (SEM) dari software AMOS 22. Hasil pengujian menggunakan SEM menunjukan kriteria goodness of fit full model adalah Chi-Square = 92,407; Probability = 0,000; CMIN/DF = 1,925; GFI = 0,893; AGFI = 0,826, TLI = 0,960; CFI = 0,971; dan RMSEA = 0,084. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa model dalam penelitian ini layak untuk digunakan.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kompetensi menjual berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas hubungan, pengalaman menjual tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hubungan, pengalaman menjual berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kompetensi menjual, pengalaman menjual berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja tenaga penjualan, kompetensi menjual tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja tenaga penjualan, kualitas hubungan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja tenaga penjualan. Penelitian ini memberikan beberapa keterbatasan penelitian serta agenda penelitian mendatang yang bisa dilakukan pada penelitian selanjutnya.

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Effect of Grandmother-Mother Relationship on Grandmother-Grandchildren Ties: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Coparenting

Family and Environment Research ◽

10.6115/fer.2020.011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 149-161

Author(s):

Hye Jeong Choi ◽

Jeong Shin An

Keyword(s):

Indirect Effect ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Equation Model ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Mediation Effect ◽

Likelihood Method ◽

Chi Square ◽

Fit Index

This study showed that the association between grandmother-mother relationship and grandmother-grandchildren ties is mediated by the coparenting. Participants consisted of 329 grandmothers who were rearing preschool aged grandchildren in the Seoul and Gyeonggido area. SPSS 23.0 performed descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis. The structural equation model was estimated with AMOS 23.0. Parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Model fit index used the chi-square statistic, the goodness of fit index (GFI), the Turker-Lewis index (TLI), the comparative fit index (CFI), the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). The mediation effect analysis followed a two-step verification process; direct and indirect effect. In addition, statistical significance of the indirect effect was examined using a bootstrapping procedure. The results are as follows. First, a positive correlation was found between the grandmother-mother relationship, grandmother-grandchildren ties, and coparenting. Second, the association between grandmother-mother relationship and grandmother-grandchildren ties is mediated by coparenting. The results of this study suggest that the quality of the grandmother’s relationship with mothers and cooperative coparenting is important to building relationships with grandchildren. In addition, coparenting can be an important mechanism for grandmother-mother relationships and grandmother-grandchild ties. Based on the results of this study, we discussed ways to improve the grandmothers’ relationship quality with the mother and strengthen parenting ability.

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Using the Job Burden-Capital Model of Occupational Stress to Predict Depression and Well-Being among Electronic Manufacturing Service Employees in China

10.20944/preprints201608.0030.v2 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Wang ◽

Shuang Li ◽

Tao Li ◽

Shanfa Yu ◽

Junming Dai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Stress ◽

Structural Equation Model ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Well Being ◽

Equation Model ◽

Hunan Province ◽

Electronic Manufacturing ◽

Proposed Model

Background: This study aimed to identify the association between occupational stress and depression-well-being by proposing a comprehensive and flexible job burden-capital model with its corresponding hypotheses. Methods: For this research, 1618 valid samples were gathered from the electronic manufacturing service industry in Hunan Province, China; self-rated questionnaires were administered to participants for data collection after obtaining their written consent. The proposed model was fitted and tested through structural equation model analysis. Results: Single-factor correlation analysis results indicated that coefficients between all items and dimensions had statistical significance. The final model demonstrated satisfactory global goodness of fit (CMIN/DF=5.37, AGFI=0.915, NNFI=0.945, IFI=0.952, RMSEA=0.052). Both the measurement and structural models showed acceptable path loadings. Job burden and capital were directly associated with depression and well-being or indirectly related to them through personality. Multi-group structural equation model analyses indicated general applicability of the proposed model to basic features of such a population. Gender, marriage and education led to differences in the relation between occupational stress and health outcomes. Conclusions: The job burden-capital model of occupational stress-depression and well-being was found to be more systematic and comprehensive than previous models.

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The effects of tightness-looseness in organizational culture on corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance: A regional study in Turkey

Journal of Human Sciences ◽

10.14687/jhs.v14i4.4933 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 3866

Author(s):

Ferda Üstün ◽

Kemal Can Kılıç

Keyword(s):

Firm Performance ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽

Equation Model ◽

Organizational Level ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Cultural Dimension ◽

Regional Study ◽

Industrial Enterprises

In this study, the tightness-looseness dimension, suggested as a cultural dimension of community was examined at organizational level. Introducing the tightness-looseness dimension to the literature, and identifying the effects of the dimension on corporate entrepreneurship activities and firm performance, which poses great importance for organizations, were the main purposes of the study. In the study, the correlations between dependent and independent variables were examined through the hypotheses suggested, and the consistency level of the model was analyzed through the structural equation modeling. It was concluded from the study that there was a significant positive correlation between the tightness-looseness level and corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance. Coefficients of corporate entrepreneurship, proactivity, innovational orientation, and coefficients of firm performance, and coefficients concerning the profit, growth, and customer satisfaction seem to be statistically significant. Accordingly, the higher (or lower) the level of looseness is, the higher (or lower) the level of corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance will be. The validity of the model on the target sample has been discussed considering the compliance indices of the model proposed in the study on Turkey's leading industrial enterprises. As the results of the analysis of the constructed structural equation model gave the values of good and acceptance level goodness of fit (RMSEA <0.05, GFI and CFI> 0.95 and AGFI> 0.90), the model was found to be acceptable.

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