Prejudice Against Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Coaches: The Influence of Race, Religious Fundamentalism, Modern Sexism, and Contact with Sexual Minorities

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
George B. Cunningham ◽  
Nicole Melton
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Sexual Prejudice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Sexual Stigma ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

In drawing from Herek’s (2007, 2009) sexual stigma and prejudice theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among prejudice toward sexual minority coaches, religious fundamentalism, sexism, and sexual prejudice and to determine whether race affected these relationships. The authors collected data from 238 parents. Results indicated that Asians expressed greater sexual prejudice than Latinos and Whites, while African Americans expressed more religious fundamentalism than did Whites. There were also differences in the associations among the variables. For African Americans, sexism held the strongest association with prejudice toward sexual minority coaches. While for Asians and Whites, religious fundamentalism held the strongest association, contact with lesbian and gay friends was a significant predictor of prejudice for Asians, but not for the other groups. For Latinos, both religious fundamentalism and sexism were associated with sexual prejudice. The authors discuss the results in terms of theoretical and practical implications.

scholarly journals Intergroup Contact as the Missing Link Between LGB Rights and Sexual Prejudice

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Górska ◽  
Martijn van Zomeren ◽  
Michał Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Sexual Prejudice ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
European Union Member States ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract. Although research has revealed that more progressive LGB (lesbian, gay, and bisexual) rights are positively associated with more favorable attitudes toward sexual minorities, little is known about why LGB rights co-occur with positive attitudes. The present contribution fills this gap by testing whether the prevalence of intergroup contact with LGB individuals explains the relationship between more progressive LGB rights and sexual prejudice. Utilizing representative Eurobarometer data from 28 European Union Member States, we find that progressive institutional arrangements positively predict favorable attitudes toward sexual minorities by rendering intergroup contact with LGB individuals more commonplace. Importantly, this pattern of findings replicates for different measures of prejudice and LGB-related legislation. The theoretical and practical implications of the current findings are discussed.

The state of opportunities: clarifying the transitions between opportunity types

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 1398-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Welter ◽  
Sharon Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
System States ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe how discovery and creation opportunities transition from one to the other and thereby clarify the relationship between opportunity types. This theoretical work will offer insight for studying opportunities and clarify the different practical implications of different opportunity types. Design/methodology/approach – To further the understanding of opportunity types, the paper employs Dubin’s (1978) theory building methodology focussing specifically on the concepts of system states. Approaching opportunity types as system states clarifies the relationship between discovery and creation opportunities. Findings – This research argues that opportunities transition from creation opportunities to discovery opportunities. Furthermore, understanding the opportunity state can clarify the practical implications for entrepreneurs. In particular, entrepreneurs in discovery states employ different processes regarding human resources, strategy, financing, planning, leadership, and potential competitive advantage than entrepreneurs pursuing creation states. Originality/value – This paper offers value to researchers by clarifying the differences between opportunity types. To date, there has been little to no investigation into how opportunity types change from one type to another. This research offers to clarify the debate about the existence of different opportunity types and move the discussion forward theoretically. Additionally, this manuscript offers practical insights for entrepreneurs pursuing different types of opportunities.

scholarly journals Minority Stress in the Context of the Disablement Process Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 872-872
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Lentz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Disablement Process ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The changing demographics and growing diversity in the United States pose significant challenges for researchers, particularly scholarship involving sexual minority adults’ health and aging processes. Not much is known about how all minority stressors could lead to a disability. Sexual minority adults are at a greater risk of developing a disability later in life than their heterosexual counterparts (Fredriksen-Goldsen, Kim, & Barkan, 2012). Drawing from critical components of the disablement process model (Verbrugge & Jette, 1994), this dissertation sought to understand the relationship between minority stress and disability status among sexual minority adults 50 years and older. Minority stress in the context of the disablement process model is a social condition. While exploring the relationship between minority stress and disability status, intra-individual factors and extra-individual factors were assessed to see if they mediated the relationship between minority stress and disability status among sexual minorities 50 years and older. Discrimination is significantly associated with having a disability. None of the intra-individual factors and extra-individual factors mediated the relationship between minority stress and disability; however, several intra- and extra-individual were associated with greater or lesser odds of experiencing a disability. This dissertation concluded that discrimination is associated with disability status among sexual minority adults 50 years and older. On the other hand, the disablement process model does not support minority stress as a social condition leading to a disability. On the other hand, this dissertation's results support the ideology that experiencing discrimination is associated with a disability.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Sexual Minority Stigma and Sexual Health Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Positive Older Gay and Bisexual Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 931-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Emlet ◽  
Karen I. Fredriksen-Goldsen ◽  
Hun-Jun Kim ◽  
Charles Hoy-Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates how internalized sexual minority stigma and enacted sexual minority stigma in health care settings are associated with sexual health risk behaviors (SRBs) and the mediating role of infrequent routine health care and perceived stress among older gay and bisexual (G/B) men living with HIV disease. Survey responses from 135 sexually active older G/B men living with HIV were analyzed using hierarchical linear regression models. Results indicate that one fifth of G/B older adult men living with HIV are engaged in multiple SRBs. Internalized sexual minority stigma and enacted sexual minority stigma in health care settings are significantly associated with SRBs. The relationship between internalized sexual minority stigma and SRBs are mediated by infrequent routine health care and elevated levels of perceived stress. Improved primary and secondary prevention strategies are needed for the growing number of sexually active older G/B men.

scholarly journals Intimate Dynamics and Relationship Satisfaction among LGB Adolescents: The Role of Sexual Minority Oppression

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Henrique Pereira ◽  
Graça Esgalhado
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Relationship Dynamics ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescent lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) romantic partners face the challenge of developing satisfactory relationships while managing stressors associated with being members of a stigmatized minority group due to their sexual minority status. The aims of this study were to explore and describe relationship dynamics among LGB adolescents that are in committed same-sex relationships in Portugal, to assess levels of satisfaction with their relationships, and to assess whether LGB oppression was associated with the likelihood of anticipating and experiencing problems within the relationship. A sample of 182 self-identified LGB adolescents (mean age = 17.89 years; SD = 1.99), completed an online survey consisting of various sociodemographic measures, a relationship dynamics questionnaire, a self-assessment of relationship satisfaction, and an adapted version of the Gay and Lesbian Oppressive Situations Inventory. Results show that participants were highly satisfied with their relationships, except those who were non-monogamous and less committed to their relationships. Participants showed moderate levels of LGB oppression situations, and, as demonstrated by the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, age (being older), having lower levels of commitment, and being exposed to higher levels of exclusion, rejection, and separation were strong predictors of lower levels of relationship satisfaction.

Racial Identity and Its Impact on Job Applicants

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astin D. Steward ◽  
George B. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Athletic Director ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Across two experimental studies, the purpose of this research project was to examine how Whites evaluate African Americans with a strong racial identity. In Study 1, participants evaluated applicants for an athletic director position. Relative to their weakly identified counterparts, applicants believed to possess a strong racial identity were rated as a poorer fit for the job. Results from Study 2, which was also set within the context of hiring an athletic director, show that participant social dominance orientation moderates the relationship between racial identity and subsequent evaluations. The authors discuss theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future directions.

scholarly journals Advance Care Plans for Sexual Minority Older Adults: Disparities Across Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 860-860
Author(s):  
Britney Wardecker ◽  
Jes Matsick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
Advance Care ◽  
And Bisexual

Abstract To ensure preference-based care, health providers advise individuals to establish advance care plans (e.g., power of attorney, valid will; NIA, 2018). Though important for all individuals to prepare for declining health, it is critical for bisexual older adults to establish plans given they evidence more health problems compared to heterosexual, lesbian, and gay counterparts (Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2016). To assess factors related to having advance care plans, we used data from sexual minority older adults (n=158) in the Health and Retirement Study (2016). Bisexual individuals reported a lower number of valid wills than lesbian and gay participants, t(152)=3.80, p<.001. This finding is particularly alarming given bisexual people are the numeric majority of sexual minorities and experience elevated health problems in older age. We will discuss mechanisms of disparities, the need for research on end-of-life care for sexual minorities, and implications for improving healthcare providers role in facilitating care plans.

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