scholarly journals Suppression of dendrite growth by cross-flow in microfluidics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. eabf6941
Author(s):  
Meghann C. Ma ◽  
Gaojin Li ◽  
Xinye Chen ◽  
Lynden A. Archer ◽  
Jiandi Wan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Dendrite Growth ◽  
Ion Diffusion ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Charged Fluid ◽  
Effective Strategies

Formation of rough, dendritic deposits is a critical problem in metal electrodeposition processes and could occur in next-generation, rechargeable batteries that use metallic electrodes. Electroconvection, which originates from the coupling of the imposed electric field and a charged fluid near an electrode surface, is believed to be responsible for dendrite growth. However, few studies are performed at the scale of fidelity where root causes and effective strategies for controlling electroconvection and dendrite growth can be investigated in tandem. Using microfluidics, we showed that forced convection across the electrode surface (cross-flow) during electrodeposition reduced metal dendrite growth (97.7 to 99.4%) and delayed the onset of electroconvective instabilities. Our results highlighted the roles of forced convection in reducing dendrite growth and electroconvective instabilities and provided a route toward effective strategies for managing the consequences of instability in electrokinetics-based processes where electromigration dominates ion diffusion near electrodes.

Dendrite growth under forced convection: analysis methods and experimental tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 184 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Alexandrov ◽  
Petr K. Galenko
Keyword(s):  
Forced Convection ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Dendrite Growth ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Forced Convection Analysis

Ice needle nucleation and dendrite growth under an electric field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandra P. Santos ◽  
Douglas S. da Silva ◽  
Andre Galembeck ◽  
Fernando Galembeck
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Dendrite Growth

scholarly journals Advanced Anode Materials of Potassium Ion Batteries: from Zero Dimension to Three Dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiefeng Zheng ◽  
Yuanji Wu ◽  
Yingjuan Sun ◽  
Jianhua Rong ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Ionic Transfer ◽  
Transfer Path ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Stress Changes

Abstract Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) with the prominent advantages of sufficient reserves and economical cost are attractive candidates of new rechargeable batteries for large-grid electrochemical energy storage systems (EESs). However, there are still some obstacles like large size of K+ to commercial PIBs applications. Therefore, rational structural design based on appropriate materials is essential to obtain practical PIBs anode with K+ accommodated and fast diffused. Nanostructural design has been considered as one of the effective strategies to solve these issues owing to unique physicochemical properties. Accordingly, quite a few recent anode materials with different dimensions in PIBs have been reported, mainly involving in carbon materials, metal-based chalcogenides (MCs), metal-based oxides (MOs), and alloying materials. Among these anodes, nanostructural carbon materials with shorter ionic transfer path are beneficial for decreasing the resistances of transportation. Besides, MCs, MOs, and alloying materials with nanostructures can effectively alleviate their stress changes. Herein, these materials are classified into 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D. Particularly, the relationship between different dimensional structures and the corresponding electrochemical performances has been outlined. Meanwhile, some strategies are proposed to deal with the current disadvantages. Hope that the readers are enlightened from this review to carry out further experiments better.

Assessment of Cooling Enhancement of Synthetic Jet in Conjunction With Forced Convection

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogen Utturkar ◽  
Mehmet Arik ◽  
Mustafa Gursoy
Keyword(s):  
Forced Convection ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Electronics Cooling ◽  
Synthetic Jet ◽  
Synthetic Jets ◽  
Channel Height ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Cooling Enhancement ◽  
The Impact

Synthetic jets are meso or micro fluidic devices, which operate on the “zero-net-mass-flux” principle. They impart a positive net momentum flux to the external environment, and are able to produce the cooling effect of a fan sans its ducting, reliability issues, and oversized dimensions. As a result, recently their application as electronics cooling devices is gaining momentum. Traditionally, synthetic jets have been sought as a replacement to the fan in many electronic devices. However, in certain large applications, complete replacement of the fan is not feasible, because it is necessary to provide the basic level of cooling over a large area of a printed assembly board. Such applications often pose a question whether synthetic jet would be able to locally provide reasonable enhancement over the forced convection of the fan flow. In the present study, we present the cooling performance of synthetic jets complementing forced convection from a fan. Both experiments and CFD computations are performed to investigate the interaction of the jet flowfield with a cross flow from fan. The inlet velocity, jet disk amplitude, and channel height are varied in the computational simulations to evaluate the impact of these changes on the cooling properties. Overall, both studies show that a synthetic jet is able to pulse and disrupt the boundary layer caused from fan flow, and improve heat transfer up to 4× over forced convection.

scholarly journals Effect of forced convection on dendrite growth kinetics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Toropova
Keyword(s):  
Forced Convection ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Dendrite Growth

Forced convection heat transfer over horizontal triangular cylinder in cross flow

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali ◽  
O. Zeitoun ◽  
A. Nuhait
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Convection Heat ◽  
Forced Convection Heat Transfer

Fabrication of glass microlenses by ion diffusion under an electric field

1989 ◽  
Vol 112 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Yoshida ◽  
Takeshi Kataoka ◽  
Masami Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Ion Diffusion

scholarly journals A Continuous Flow-through Microfluidic Device for Electrical Lysis of Cells

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Jie Lo ◽  
U Lei
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Lower Half ◽  
Rectangular Microchannel ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Biomedical Systems ◽  
Electrical Lysis ◽  
Flow Through

In contrast to the delicate 3D electrodes in the literature, a simple flow-through device is proposed here for continuous and massive lysis of cells using electricity. The device is essentially a rectangular microchannel with a planar electrode array built on its bottom wall, actuated by alternating current (AC) voltages between neighboring electrodes, and can be incorporated easily into other biomedical systems. Human whole blood diluted 10 times with phosphate-buffered saline (about 6 × 108 cells per mL) was pumped through the device, and the cells were completely lysed within 7 s after the application of a 20 V peak-to-peak voltage at 1 MHz, up to 400 μL/hr. Electric field and Maxwell stress were calculated for assessing electrical lysis. Only the lower half-channel was exposed to an electric field exceeding the irreversible threshold value of cell electroporation (Eth2), suggesting that a cross flow, proposed here primarily as the electro-thermally induced flow, was responsible for bringing the cells in the upper half-channel downward to the lower half-channel. The Maxwell shear stress associated with Eth2 was one order of magnitude less than the threshold mechanical stresses for lysis, implying that an applied moderate mechanical stress could aid electrical lysis.

Charged fluid without electric field: a generalization of the Godel solution

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
N V Mitskievic ◽  
G A Tsalakou
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Charged Fluid
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