Reconstructing the Microbial Diversity and Function of Pre-Agricultural Tallgrass Prairie Soils in the United States

Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 342 (6158) ◽  
pp. 621-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Fierer ◽  
J. Ladau ◽  
J. C. Clemente ◽  
J. W. Leff ◽  
S. M. Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prairie Soils ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals The Forensic Engineer in State and Federal Court

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Ziernicki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
Court System ◽  
Civil Lawsuits ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
And Function

This paper outlines the legal system in the United States, the different types of courts, the differences between criminal and civil law, and the role of forensic engineering experts involved in civil lawsuits. After providing a summary of relevant procedures employed by civil and criminal courts, the paper describes the basic principles and requirements for the selection and work of a forensic engineering expert in both the state and federal court system. This paper outlines the role and function of forensic experts (specifically forensic engineers), in the United States court system. It is not a treatise on the legal system but on the role of experts. The paper presents the requirements typically used in today’s legal system to qualify a forensic engineer as an expert witness and to accept his or her work and opinions. Furthermore, this paper discusses who can be an expert witness, the expert’s report, applicable standards, conducted research, engineering opinions, and final testimony in court — and how those elements fit into the legal system. Lastly, the paper describes the concept of spoliation of evidence.

Learning from Each Other: A Portrait of Family-School-Community Partnerships in the United States and Mexico

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 2156759X1001400
Author(s):  
Kylie P. Dotson-Blake
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
School Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Partnerships ◽  
Mexican Immigrant Families ◽  
School Community Partnership ◽  
And Function

Family-school-community partnerships are critically important for the academic success of all students. Unfortunately, in the face of specific barriers, Mexican immigrants struggle to engage in partnership efforts. In the hopes of promoting the engagement of Mexican immigrant families in partnerships, this article presents the findings of a transnational ethnography, exploring family-school-community partnership experiences of Mexican nationalists in Veracruz and Mexican immigrants in North Carolina. A portrait of partnerships in Mexico is contrasted with a portrait of partnerships in the United States, highlighting similarities and differences in role, structure, and function. School counselors are offered strategies for utilizing the knowledge of partnerships in Mexico to promote and support the engagement of Mexican immigrants in partnerships in the United States.

Knowledge of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Purpose and Function Among Nurses in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne S. Steffes ◽  
Elaine A. Thompson ◽  
Elizabeth M. Bridges ◽  
Cynthia M. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
And Function

By Ship—The Salt of the Sea Not Withstanding

1963 ◽  
Vol 345 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
John M. Will
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Merchant Marine ◽  
Competitive Disadvantage ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Function ◽  
American Flag

Years of constant study and controversy have always reaffirmed our national policy that a strong merchant marine is essential for economic and defense reasons. Yet, the status of the United States Merchant Marine today is continuing to be debated pro and con. High labor and construction costs place American maritime operators at an economic disadvantage, and political and nationalistic factors place them at a competitive disadvantage. Labor problems, marked by struggles between competing unions and accentuated by the advent of automation, create serious difficulties. With the heterogeneous nature of the industry ignored or misunderstood, the importance and function of essential portions of the United States merchant fleet are often distorted. As a matter of practice, foreign businessmen use their national ships to a greater degree than American shippers. The competitive position of the American operator is also affected by omnipresent government regulation. The increased dependence of the United States upon world trade, however, and the need to achieve a more favorable balance of payments have created a national awareness of the essentiality of an American-flag merchant fleet. This will help to create the atmosphere in business, government, and labor necessary for the solution of present problems and the achievement of a more effective national maritime policy.

Principal Currents in the Economic Historiography of Latin America

1971 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Stein ◽  
Shane J. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Economic History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
French School ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function

It will perhaps clarify the remarks that follow if we observe at the outset that the economic history of Latin America is in its infancy. This is not to say that the development of economic institutions, the operation of economic systems, the formation and growth of economic activities and attitudes, and the formulation and execution of economic policy have gone unnoticed in the history of Latin America. It is only to state that the formal discipline of economic history, even the use of economic history as part of a title, are of recent date. As in the historiography of most areas of the world, political developments and personalities in Latin America have constituted the core of historiography, and even today the “new” interdisciplinary history of half a century ago in the United States or the more recent French school of “total” history have drawn few adherents to Latin America. Many factors may be adduced to explain the delayed interest in economic history, but one may hazard the guess that there is a positive correlation between the degree of criticism of the nature and function of an economy and both the quantity and quality of economic historiography. At least in the United States, economic history owes no small debt to a muck-raking tradition. In Latin America, on the contrary, the nature of the literate elite and the limits on education have tended to stifle until recently the development of a body of economic literature of protest and, by extension, of economic history.

The polemics of Singlish

English Today ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Wong Song Mei
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Linguistic Ideology ◽  
Outer Circle ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Inner Circle ◽  
And Function

An examination of the culture, identity and function of English in Singapore.The widespread use of English in Singapore has placed Singapore in the Outer Circle, along with India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Ghana, Nigeria, the Philippines and others, in contrast with Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States and others who belong to the Inner Circle (Kachru,1991). Placing countries in different circles – inner vs outer or expanding, based on the concept of nativization – has generated questions of democracy in linguistic ideology and related issues of norms and standards. These are discussed.

scholarly journals Sociology of political satire: United States and China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Manh Ho
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Political Satire ◽  
Online Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
And Function ◽  
Meaning And Function

Satire, in the broadest sense, is an art of using humor, irony, exaggeration to criticize and expose some ridiculous aspects of people’s behavior, stupidity, and vices. One of the crucial aspects of satire is the laughter that arises from the interaction between the producer (writer, comedian, cartoonist) and the audience through a number of mediums: print, cartoon, TV, audio, or online networks. Though the literature on the meaning and function of satire is extensive, most researchers seem to agree on the two most crucial components: humor and criticism (Phan, 2003). Given that the nature of satire and political satire is about using humor to criticize and expose some ridiculous, vicious, and stupid aspects of politics, this essay will look at the changes in the social landscape of political satire in the United States and China from a sociological perspective.

scholarly journals Civil Rights in Juvenile Courts

1969 ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Brian Kaliel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Juvenile Courts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

Civil rights in juvenile courts is an area of the law that has attracted wide discussion and comment in the United States. Canada's laws, however, while following the same general pattern as those in the United States have not been the subject of close scrutiny. The purpose of the article is to scrutinize Canada's laws and place them in the context of modem views as the role and function of juvenile courts.

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