NMR opens a new window into the body. The use of nuclear magnetic resonance for medical diagnosis hovers on the brink of practical application

Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 210 (4467) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marx
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

scholarly journals Verification of precision, accuracy, and characteristics of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and nuclear magnetic resonance in the analysis of mouse body composition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Wan Baek ◽  
Ji-Seok Kim ◽  
Jin Sung Park ◽  
So-Jeong Kim ◽  
Yong-Chan Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Measurement Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Abstract Background: As an instrument for measuring body composition in experimental animals, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is ideal for accuracy, cost, and measurement efficiency. However, there is too little insight into the effectiveness of the various aspects of applying DXA to experimental animals. Therefore, we investigated whether to compare and verify the precision and accuracy of DXA and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) animal body composition analyzers. We used 30 ICR mice in the study. First, in order to evaluate the reproducibility of DXA and NMR, we did repeated measurements by repositioning each mouse in anesthesia and euthanasia states. Subsequently, the accuracy of each device was evaluated by comparing the weight measured before the experiment, the weight of the tissue extracted from the mice after the experiment, and the measured DXA and NMR. In addition, when measuring the body composition of animals, we compared the time and the measurable body composition parameters and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the two devices.Results: Compared to NMR, DXA had the advantage of a fast measurement of bone composition and rapid image analysis. In addition, DXA showed a higher correlation (> 95%) with FM, body weight, and fBMC baseline than did NMR (> 85%).Conclusion: In conclusion, DXA was confirmed to have higher precision and measurement accuracy than did NMR. Therefore, DXA is an effective method for evaluating the body composition of experimental animals.

Clinical nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the body

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Charles B. Higgins ◽  
Hedvig Hricak ◽  
Gordon Gamsu ◽  
Richard W. Webb ◽  
Albert A. Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Clinical nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the body

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B. Higgins ◽  
Hedvig Hricak ◽  
Gordon Gamsu ◽  
Richard W. Webb ◽  
Albert A. Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

An emerging technology: Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
M.J. Hennessy ◽  
E. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Nmr Microscopy ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Temperature Relaxation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Much progress in nuclear magnetic resonance microscope has been made in the last few years as a result of improved instrumentation and techniques being made available through basic research in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies for medicine. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was first observed in the hydrogen nucleus in water by Bloch, Purcell and Pound over 40 years ago. Today, in medicine, virtually all commercial MRI scans are made of water bound in tissue. This is also true for NMR microscopy, which has focussed mainly on biological applications. The reason water is the favored molecule for NMR is because water is,the most abundant molecule in biology. It is also the most NMR sensitive having the largest nuclear magnetic moment and having reasonable room temperature relaxation times (from 10 ms to 3 sec). The contrast seen in magnetic resonance images is due mostly to distribution of water relaxation times in sample which are extremely sensitive to the local environment.

Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 828-829
Author(s):  
Paul C. Lauterbur
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Field Gradients ◽  
Useful Signal ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradients ◽  
Observation Times ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging can reach microscopic resolution, as was noted many years ago, but the first serious attempt to explore the limits of the possibilities was made by Hedges. Resolution is ultimately limited under most circumstances by the signal-to-noise ratio, which is greater for small radio receiver coils, high magnetic fields and long observation times. The strongest signals in biological applications are obtained from water protons; for the usual magnetic fields used in NMR experiments (2-14 tesla), receiver coils of one to several millimeters in diameter, and observation times of a number of minutes, the volume resolution will be limited to a few hundred or thousand cubic micrometers. The proportions of voxels may be freely chosen within wide limits by varying the details of the imaging procedure. For isotropic resolution, therefore, objects of the order of (10μm) may be distinguished.Because the spatial coordinates are encoded by magnetic field gradients, the NMR resonance frequency differences, which determine the potential spatial resolution, may be made very large. As noted above, however, the corresponding volumes may become too small to give useful signal-to-noise ratios. In the presence of magnetic field gradients there will also be a loss of signal strength and resolution because molecular diffusion causes the coherence of the NMR signal to decay more rapidly than it otherwise would. This phenomenon is especially important in microscopic imaging.

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