Cribra orbitalia, linear enamel hypoplasia and life expectancy of the 20 years old as stressors of the early medieval population

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-299
Author(s):  
Gerhard Hotz
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Medieval Population

scholarly journals Analysis of cribra orbitalia in the earliest inhabitants of medieval Vilnius

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Šarūnas Jatautis ◽  
Ieva Mitokaitė ◽  
Rimantas Jankauskas
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Negative Effect

Analysis of cribra orbitalia in the earliest inhabitants of medieval VilniusThe purpose of this work is to present an analysis of cribra orbitalia (CO) from the population of a medieval cemetery in Vilnius, Lithuania, dated between the end of the 13th to the beginning of the 15th centuries. The sample consisted of 208 individuals with sufficiently preserved orbits: 82 subadults and 122 adults. CO was correlated with sex, age-at-death, and three skeletal indicators of biological health: linear enamel hypoplasia, periostitis, and adult femur length as a proxy value for stature. Siler's and Gompertz-Makeham's parametric models of mortality as well as χ2 statistics were used to evaluate these relationships. Almost one-third of all analyzed individuals had signs of CO, including approximately 60% of the subadults. There was a very strong relationship between the age-at-death and incidence of CO, i.e., individuals with the lesion were dying much younger. The frequency of CO among the sexes was not statistically significant. On the other hand, CO had a negative effect only on adult males, i.e., males who had the lesion died at a younger age. Furthermore, CO and linear enamel hypoplasia were positively related for subadults, whereas no significant relationships were found among adults of corresponding sex. Incidence of periostitis and adult stature were not related to CO.

scholarly journals Burials from Cemetery Wad Ben Naga C260 – First Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
Gabriela Jungová
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Porotic Hyperostosis ◽  
First Report ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Grave Goods

During the sixteenth–eighteenth excavation seasons, cemetery WBN C260 at the archaeological site of Wad Ben Naga (Sudan) yielded the remains of fourteen individuals, both adult and non-adult. The burials, tentatively dated as post-Meroitic/Christian, were oriented to the north or north-west, with scarce grave goods, simple substructures, and no identified superstructures. Anthropological analysis revealed non-specific signs of stress including porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia, linear enamel hypoplasia, and endocranial lesions known as serpens endocrania symmetrica.

scholarly journals Novas Inferências sobre o Sítio Arqueológico Içara-01 a partir da Análise dos Remanescentes Humanos

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Marina Nogueira Di Giusto ◽  
Veronica Wesolowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Porotic Hyperostosis ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia

A partir de um projeto de pesquisa que objetivou averiguar o comportamento de marcadores osteológicos em remanescentes humanos na perspectiva da longa duração no litoral sul de Santa Catarina, foram obtidos interessantesresultados para o sítio conchífero Içara-01. Foram analisados os marcadores de estresse osteológicos de Hiperostose Porótica (HP), Cribra orbitalia (CO) e Hipoplasia Linear de Esmalte (HLE) em 35 indivíduos de Içara-01 e seusresultados foram comparados com os adquiridos para indivíduos sepultados em períodos concomitantes dos sambaquis Cabeçuda e Jabuticabeira II. As autoras levantam a hipótese de que os indivíduos sepultados em Içara poderiam ser de um grupo litorâneo que utilizou o sítio como cemitério e que teria mobilidade na costa e no planalto, e não provenientes do planalto e que utilizariam Içara comoacampamento temporário, como postula a literatura. Abstract: As part of a research project that aimed to investigate the osteological markers behavior in human remains from a long-term perspective on the south coast ofSanta Catarina (Brazil), interesting results were obtained from the Içara´s conchiferous site (Içara-01). The authors analyzed osteological stress markers of Porotic Hyperostosis (HP), Cribra orbitalia (CO) and Linear Enamel Hypoplasia(LEH) in 35 individuals from Içara-01. They compared the results with those obtained for individuals buried in concomitant periods at Cabeçuda and Jabuticabeira II shellmounds. The hypothesis is that the buried individualsin Içara-01 could be members from a coastal group that used the site as a cemetery and had mobility through the coast and the highland, and not that came from the highland and used Içara-01 as a temporary camp, as the literature postulates. 

scholarly journals A novel approach: combining dental enamel hypoplasia and paleoparasitological analysis in medieval Islamic individuals buried in Santarém (Portugal)

2017 ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Cunha ◽  
Ana Luísa Santos ◽  
António Matias ◽  
Luciana Sianto
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Long Term Impact

Paleopathological and paleoparasitological studies seek evidences to understand health and disease in past populations. These two approaches are often used independently despite the obvious importance of its complementary. This paper aims to explore the possible relation between a common indicator of childhood stress and infection by intestinal parasites. Thirty adult individuals from the Islamic necropolis of Santarém (9th-12th cent. AD) were macroscopically examined for linear enamel hypoplasia. Sediment from the pelvis and skull of each skeleton were observed under the optical microscope in search of helminth eggs. Hypoplasic defects were identified in 46.67% of the individuals, mostly on canines and incisors. Eggs from Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were identified respectively in 4 and 2 individuals. The Fisher’s exact test was performed to analyze whether the individuals with evidences of stress in early childhood were more prone to helminth infections or death at younger ages. Although these variables were shown to be independent, this exploratory study highlights the contribution of combining paleopathological and paleoparasitological methods to address the long-term impact of the physiological stress exposure in early life on the immune system. Furthermore, variety of factors that could have influenced these results are discussed and interpreted in a biocultural perspective.

scholarly journals Frequency and chronological distribution of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age population from Żerniki Górne (Poland) – preliminary report

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tomczyk ◽  
Maria Tomczyk-Gruca ◽  
Marta Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Tool Stress ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) is treated as a nonspecific indicator of stress, but even so, many authors consider it the most reliable tool stress in anthropological research. Its analysis allows the reconstruction of health related to the socio-economic status of the group. This study documents and interprets patterns of LEH in Żerniki Górne (Poland), a settlement which was functional in the Late Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. We examined two successive cultures: the Corded Ware Culture (CWC; 3200-2300BC) and the Trzciniec Culture (TC; 1500-1300BC). In total, there were 1486 permanent teeth (124 adult individuals). The frequency of LEH in the examined cultures shows a small rising trend. In these series from Żernik Górne, males showed a higher occurrence of LEH (16.5%) than females (13.4%). The earliest LEH appeared at similar ages at about 2.0/2.2 years and the last LEH occurred at about 4.2 years of age in both cultures. However, it is worth noting that periods associated with physiological stress were more common but not very long (four months on average) in the CWC. Longer stress periods (nine months on average) were associated with the TC.

Dental Modifications of Anterior Teeth in the Danish Viking Age

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verner Alexandersen ◽  
Niels Lynnerup
Keyword(s):  
Viking Age ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia

Inspired by previous finds of filed, likely ornamental grooves on upper incisors of Swedish and Danish male Vikings, a Viking sample from Denmark (ca. AD 800–1050) was studied (M=69, F=45, 90=?). We found evidence of modifications that could be distinguished from normal wear and linear enamel hypoplasia. In 24 individuals single or multiple filed horizontal grooves occurred on labial surfaces of the central upper incisors and some lateral incisors (22/159 or 13.8 percent). All grooves were inconspicuous and shallow, and other unrelated worn labial facets were found. This occurrence is unlike the grooves in male Swedish Vikings. The variation observed, as well as experiments with iron files and whetstones, leads us to suggest that the Danish Viking grooves could be made intentionally but more often developed as a result of task activities. 

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