Impacts of land-use on concentrations of nutrients in runoffs: Preliminary results in small catchment areas.

River Systems ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 285-303
Author(s):  
Ilpo Hakala ◽  
Eeva Huitu ◽  
Suvi Mäkelä ◽  
Lauri Arvola
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Catchment Areas

scholarly journals Landscape metrics as a tool for evaluating scenarios for flood prevention and nature conservation

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvi Bianchin ◽  
Elke Richert ◽  
Hermann Heilmeier ◽  
Mariusz Merta ◽  
Christina Seidler
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Flood Prevention ◽  
Current State ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Land Use Scenarios

Within the framework of the project "Flood Prevention and Nature Conservation in the Weisseritz area" ("HochNatur"), a method including landscape metrics was developed and applied to assess and to compare different land use scenarios with regard to flood prevention and nature conservation. For the analysis, two sub-catchments strongly differing in land use within the Weisseritz catchment (Eastern Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany) were selected. The first step of the evaluation procedure was a biotope assessment using three assessment criteria (naturalness, substitutability, rareness/endangerment). However, the biotope assessment did not yield any information about spatial distribution or the structural composition of the landscape. Therefore, landscape metrics were applied to analyse the structural and biotope type diversity at the landscape scale. Different landscape metrics (Shannon/Weaver diversity index, mean patch size index, Interdispersion/Juxtaposition index) and a weighting system were used to compare the different land use scenarios and the current state. The analysed catchment areas differ substantially in terms of their current state and potential measures regarding flood prevention and nature conservation depending on the location and distribution of biotope types. It was demonstrated that this method can be used for small catchment areas regardless of their land use for assessing, analysing and comparing different land use scenarios for a specific area.

Changes in isotope ratios during domestic wastewater production

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P.S. Schilperoort ◽  
H.A.J. Meijer ◽  
C.M.L. Flamink ◽  
F.H.L.R. Clemens
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Isotope Method ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Large Heterogeneity

This paper presents considerations for the application of the natural water isotope method on catchment areas. For the estimation of the amount of infiltration and inflow in sewer systems the paper shows two applications in the Netherlands: one successful application on a relatively small catchment area with a simple geo-hydrological groundwater system and one unsuccessful application in an area that shows a large heterogeneity of δ18O values in groundwater. Also, the paper focuses on the validity of the assumption that the isotopic ratios of drinking water are equal to those of strict domestic wastewater. In the transition from drinking water to strict wastewater it is shown that changes in isotopic composition of the water due to evaporation in common household appliances and effects inside the human body are insignificant. However, the presence of high-efficiency condensing boilers in an area can significantly influence the δ18O value of strict wastewater, especially in winter months. This effect should be taken into account when applying the isotope method in such areas.

The efficiency of agrotechnical practices for the control of hydrological processes on small catchment areas during spring snow melting

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Yasinskii ◽  
E. M. Gusev ◽  
E. A. Kashutina
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Snow Melting ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Catchment Areas

DEFINITION OF PRIORITY AREAS FOR RECOVERY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION IN WATER SUPPLY CATCHMENT AREAS ACCORDING TO LAND USE AND MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
VANESSA LUCENA CANÇADO ◽  
NÍVIA CARLA RODRIGUES ◽  
TALITA SILVA ◽  
JULIAN CARDOSO ELEUTÉRIO ◽  
NILO DE OLIVEIRA NASCIMENTO
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Management Capability ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Land Use And Management

scholarly journals Long-term changes of water physicochemical conditions and benthic microbial processes in a small lake associated with land use in the catchment

2019 ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Krevš ◽  
Alė Kučinskienė ◽  
Levonas Manusadžianas
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Microbial Processes ◽  
Small Lake ◽  
Internal Eutrophication ◽  
Catchment Areas

Changes in land use in the catchments and areas near the shorelines of lakes may have undesirable consequences for the functioning of lake ecosystems. We studied temporal changes in physicochemical parameters and benthic microbial processes within the small Lake Gulbinas (Lithuania) in relation to the type of land use in the catchment. We compared the period when agriculture activity decreased and increased urban development commenced (2001–2002, transition period) with periods of intense urban land use (2007, 2014–2015). The results were compared to reference data from earlier agricultural periods (1962, 1987–1989). The highest nutrient concentrations in the water were observed during the period of agriculture activity, while increased phosphate concentrations in the near-bottom water and increased organic carbon content and microbial activity in the lake sediments were observed during the period of intense urban land use. Throughout the latter period, anaerobic mineralization of organic carbon via sulfate reduction in bottom sediments was significantly higher than that during the transition period. The intensification of benthic sulfate reduction led to sulfide increase and, thus, to a higher phosphate mobility re-fertilizing the water. Our study suggests that, with a shift of land usage in catchment areas from agricultural to urban, increasing sedimentary organic carbon and its intensive anaerobic mineralization may stimulate internal eutrophication of small lakes.

scholarly journals Alluvial sedimentation and tectono-stratigraphic evolution in a narrow extensional zigzag basin margin (northern Teruel Basin, Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lope Ezquerro ◽  
Aránzazu Luzón ◽  
José L. Simón ◽  
Carlos L. Liesa
Keyword(s):  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Growth Strata ◽  
Kinematic Evolution ◽  
Clastic Sediments ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Sediment Transfer ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Stratigraphic Evolution ◽  
Basin Margin

Abstract The northern part of the eastern margin of the extensional Neogene Teruel Basin (central-eastern Spain) consists of a non-linear, zigzag fault zone made of alternating ca. 2 km long, NNW-SSE trending segments and shorter NNE-SSW ones. Good outcrop conditions made possible a comprehensive integrated stratigraphic and structural study, especially focused on coarse clastic sediments deposited along the basin margin. Well-exposed stratal relationships with boundary faults, allowed the analysis of tectonic influence on sedimentation. Synsedimentary deformation includes growth faulting, rollover anticlines, and monoclines and associated onlap stratal terminations, angular unconformities, and other complex growth strata geometries. One of them is the onlap-over-rollover bed arrangement described here for the first time, which reveals the competition between tectonic subsidence and sedimentary supply. Both, the structural inheritance (dense Mesozoic fracture grid) and the dominant, nearly ‘multidirectional’ (σ1 vertical, σ2 ≈ σ3), Pliocene extensional regime with σ3 close to E-W, are considered to have controlled the margin structure and evolution. Tectono-stratigraphic evolution includes: (i) reactivation of inherited NNW-SSE faults and development of W-SW-directed small alluvial fans (SAF) while NNE-SSW segments acted as gentle relay ramp zones; (ii) progressive activation of NNE-SSW faults and development of NW-directed very small alluvial fans (VSAF); during stages i and ii sediments were trapped close to the margin, avoiding widespread progradation; (iii) linking of NNW-SSE and NNE-SSW structural segments, overall basin sinking and widespread alluvial progradation; (iv) fault activity attenuation and alluvial retrogradation. The particular structure and kinematic evolution of this margin controlled alluvial system patterns. Size of alluvial fans, directly set up at the border faults, was conditioned by the narrowness of the margin, small catchment areas, and proximity between faults, which prevented the development of large alluvial fans. The size of the relay zones, only a few hundred meters wide, acted in the same way, avoiding them to act as large sediment transfer areas and large alluvial fans to be established. These features make the Teruel Basin margin different to widely described extensional margins models.

scholarly journals Modelling of the effects of land use changes on flood hydrograph in a small catchment of the Płaskowicka, southern part of Warsaw, Poland

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Banasik ◽  
Ngoc Pham
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Flood Hydrograph ◽  
Flood Estimation ◽  
Effects Of Land Use ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

Modelling of the effects of land use changes on flood hydrograph in a small catchment of the Płaskowicka, southern part of Warsaw, Poland This study concerns the influence of urbanized trend affected on the flood hydrograph in a small catchment in Warsaw. Based on recorded events a selected procedure for simulation rainfall-runoff process has been accepted for flood estimation. The Soil Conservation Services Curve Number method (SCS-CN) and empirical formulae for Nash model parameters, developed by Rao at al. were used to analyze the nine selected events from 2007 to 2009. The analysis confirmed usefulness of the selected procedure, implicated in a home developed computer program, for estimating flood hydrographs as responses of the small urban catchment to heavy rainfall events. Flood hydrographs were estimated for three various stages of land use. The results demonstrate that the peak flood flow would increase over eight times due to urbanisation of the catchment.

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