New family Eckastraeidae, Scleractinia (Middle Triassic, Peri-Tethys, Central Europe)

2007 ◽  
Vol 2006 (12) ◽  
pp. 721-733
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Morycowa ◽  
Joachim Szulc
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
New Family

Helmolepis cyphognathus, sp. nov., a new platysiagid actinopterygian from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain Formation (British Columbia, Canada)

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G Neuman ◽  
Raoul J Mutter
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

A new species of stem actinopterygian, Helmolepis cyphognatus sp. nov., is reported from the Lower Triassic Sulphur Mountain Formation of western Canada (probably Smithian). This taxon differs from the only other known Early Triassic platysiagid, H. gracilis from the Lower Triassic Wordie Creek Formation of East Greenland (Griesbachian), in counts of branchiostegal rays, shape of the maxilla, shape (and possibly counts) of extrascapulars, and the size ratio of major opercular bones. In spite of their overall unfavorable preservation, the numerous available specimens amend our knowledge of the little known genus Helmolepis considerably: it has become evident that the morphology of Helmolepis cyphognatus sp. nov. comes closest to Platysiagum minus (Middle Triassic Besano Formation of central Europe). This study suggests placement of the two genera in the family Platysiagidae. Investigation of this new species also shows certain features of the cheek and the caudal fin are more primitive than previously believed, whereas the snout region is probably derived but of yet uncertain affinities in Helmolepis.

scholarly journals The Ramonalinids: a new family of mound-building bivalves of the Early Middle Triassic

Palaeontology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1349-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS E. YANCEY ◽  
MARK A. WILSON ◽  
ALLISON C. S. MIONE
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
New Family ◽  
Early Middle Triassic

scholarly journals Middle Triassic bivalve traces from central Europe (Muschelkalk, Anisian): overlooked burrows of a common ichnofabric

PalZ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Stachacz ◽  
Dirk Knaust ◽  
Michał Matysik
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Trace Fossil ◽  
The Common ◽  
Transitional Forms

AbstractThe ichnotaxonomy, producers and ethology of the bivalve trace fossil Oravaichnium Plička and Uhrová, 1990 are revised, and the mode of formation is discussed. The ichnogenus is compared with other mollusc trace fossils such as Protovirgularia, Lockeia and Ptychoplasma, as well as the common, cosmopolitan trace fossils Planolites and Palaeophycus, which are morphologically similar to Oravaichnium. A lectotype of Oravaichnium hrabei Plička and Uhrová, 1990 is defined and illustrated. Oravaichnium carinatum isp. nov. from the Middle Triassic of Poland and Germany is described and interpreted as a bivalve burrow. It differs from the relatively rare O. hrabei by a carinate rather than subquadrate cross section. However, O. carinatum isp. nov. shows a great variation of morphology and transitional forms with O. hrabei are common. Similarly, transitional forms of Oravaichnium with other bivalve ichnogenera, especially Protovirgularia, also occur. The studied Triassic ichnoassemblage clearly indicates that bivalve burrows are much more common than previously believed and are represented by repichnia, fodinichnia and cubichnia. The occurrence of similar ichnofabrics containing Oravaichnium in other Triassic succession of the Germanic and Tethys basins and elsewhere suggests a much wider distribution than hitherto known. It is evident that bivalves, most likely nuculids, participated greatly in bioturbation, and the Middle Triassic infaunalisation is one of the most important steps in Phanerozoic evolution of ichnocoenoses.

Breaking the Bank: Gambling Casinos, Finance Capitalism, and German Unification

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
German Unification ◽  
Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽  
New Family ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Finance Capitalism

In April 1867, Fyodor Dostoevsky left Russia for central Europe, in part to celebrate his marriage to Anna Gregorovich Snitkina, the young stenographer who had helped him compose The Gambler the previous fall. While that book freed him from the clutches of the publisher Stellovsky, who had advanced him money in exchange for a lien on his future works, it did not remove the larger financial destitution that threatened the new family, and fear of the debtor's prison clouded Dostoevsky's subsequent four-year sojourn in Europe. Residing first in Berlin and Dresden, he began to entertain thoughts of escaping his financial difficulties through gambling. In May, he traveled briefly to Bad Homburg; later, both he and Anna proceeded to Baden-Baden. Contrary to his hopes, life imitated art, and Dostoevsky was soon as hopelessly beset by the gambling demons as his fictional anti-hero, Alexei, and with as little success. By the end of the summer, he had pawned many of his and Anna's belongings and systematically lost the gifts sent from Russia by friends to bail them out. Finally on August 23, he managed to tear himself away from the tables. Over the next four years, he would gamble sporadically, but never with the same fervor he brought to Baden-Baden that summer. After returning to Russia in 1871, he gave up gambling entirely.

scholarly journals The oldest species of Peltoperleidus (Louwoichthyiformes, Neopterygii) from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) of China, with phylogenetic and biogeographic implications

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12225
Author(s):  
Guang-Hui Xu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
First Record ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
New Family ◽  
Fish Taxon ◽  
Early Middle Triassic ◽  
A New Species

The previously alleged ‘perleidid’ genus Peltoperleidus is a stem-neopterygian fish taxon with two or three horizontal rows of notably deepened flank scales. Until recently, members of this genus were known only from the Ladinian (late Middle Triassic) or near the Anisian/Ladinian boundary (~242 Ma) in southern Switzerland and northern Italy. Here, I report the discovery of a new species of the genus, Peltoperleidus asiaticus sp. nov., based on three well-preserved specimens from the Anisian (early Middle Triassic, ~244 Ma) of Luoping, eastern Yunnan, China. The discovery extends the geological range of Peltoperleidus by approximately two million years and documents the first record of the genus in Asia. Similar to its relatives (represented by P. macrodontus) from Europe, P. asiaticus sp. nov. is likely a small-sized durophagous predator with dentition combining grasping and crushing morphologies. Results of a cladistic analysis unite four species of Peltoperleidus as a monophyletic group within the Louwoichthyiformes, and suggest that the presence of two horizontal rows of notably deepened scales was independently evolved in Peltoperleidus and another stem-neopterygian taxon Altisolepis. P. asiaticus sp. nov. is nested at the base of Peltoperleidus, and a new family Peltoperleididae is proposed for the genus, contrasting the previous placement of Peltoperleidus in the poorly defined, paraphyletic ‘Perleididae’. Comparative studies of the basal peltoperleidid from China with its younger relatives from Europe provide new insights into the evolutionary origin and paleogeographic distribution of this clade.

Two early millericrinids and an unusual crinoid of uncertain systematic position from the lower Upper Anisian (Middle Triassic) of Qingyan, southwestern China

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Stiller
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Traumatic Loss ◽  
Lower Upper ◽  
New Family ◽  
Hard Substrates ◽  
Different Parts

Well-preserved stem remains of the three crinoid species Qingyanocrinus kueichounensis (Dubatolova and Shao, 1959), Bangtoupocrinus kokeni n. gen. n. sp. and Silesiacrinus parvus n. sp. from the lower Upper Anisian (Middle Triassic) of Qingyan, Guizhou Province, southwestern China, are described. The former two taxa originally were described as one species, Entrochus rotiformis Koken, 1900, which is a nomen dubium. The two new genera Qingyanocrinus and Bangtoupocrinus are established. Bangtoupocrinus and Silesiacrinus are the earliest known millericrinid genera. For these Middle Triassic millericrinids, the new family Bangtoupocrinidae, comprising the new subfamilies Bangtoupocrininae and Silesiacrininae, is defined. The strongly cirrate genus Qingyanocrinus is assigned to the new family Qingyanocrinidae, whose systematic position is uncertain.In all three species, the morphological features of the columnals characteristically vary in different parts of the stems. The millericrinids were cemented to (secondary) hard substrates by distal encrusting holdfasts. Qingyanocrinus kueichounensis most likely lived on soft substrates and for attachment made use of its rootlike distal stem end and cirri. Stems of Bangtoupocrinus kokeni regenerated after breakage show that these crinoids were able to continue living in spite of the traumatic loss of their basal fixation. Juvenile Encrinus cf. liliiformis Lamarck, 1801, and other invertebrates utilized the crinoids and their skeletal remains as substrates for attachment.

Middle Triassic chirotherid trackways on earthquake influenced intertidal limulid reproduction flats of the European Germanic Basin coasts

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cajus Diedrich
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Intertidal Flat ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Germanic Basin ◽  
Seasonal Migrations ◽  
Early Late

AbstractChirotherid footprints of Synaptichnium, Chirotherium and Isochirotherium appeared during the late Early (Aegean) to early Late (Carnian) Triassic in central Europe. These taxa are partly revised herein, using both perfect and variably preserved tracks, and very long trackways from an upper Pelsonian intertidal-flat megatracksite of the Germanic Basin coast Pelsonian (Karlstadt Formation). The global Middle Triassic distribution of those footprints suggests seasonal migrations across Pangaea of possible archosauriform reptile trackmakers, such as Euparkeria, Ticinosuchus, Arizonasaurus and Batrachotomus, caused by horseshoe-crab mass migrations into tidal-flat beach reproductive zones in the Germanic Basin. Such seasonal migrations may even suggest a Pangaea-wide food-chain reaction, possibly including the mobilization of fish, marine and terrestrial reptiles, and of which situation the Germanic Basin intertidal-flats is a globally unique example.

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