scholarly journals Susceptibility of Urinary Tract Bacteria to Fosfomycin

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 4508-4510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Maraki ◽  
George Samonis ◽  
Petros I. Rafailidis ◽  
Evridiki K. Vouloumanou ◽  
Emmanuel Mavromanolakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
The University ◽  
Urinary Isolates

ABSTRACT We evaluated the in vitro activity of fosfomycin against urinary isolates in a region in Greece that exhibits considerable antimicrobial resistance by evaluating retrospectively relevant susceptibility data retrieved from the microbiological library of the University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece. We examined 578 urinary isolates. In total, 516 (89.2%) were susceptible to fosfomycin; 415 isolates were gram negative, and 101 isolates were gram positive. Fosfomycin appears to exhibit good levels of in vitro activity against the examined urinary isolates.

In Vitro Activity of Imipenem/Relebactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Against Clinical Isolates of Gram-negative Bacilli With Difficult-to-Treat Resistance and Multidrug-resistant Phenotypes—Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends, United States 2015–2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A Karlowsky ◽  
Sibylle H Lob ◽  
Janet Raddatz ◽  
Daryl D DePestel ◽  
Katherine Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
First Line ◽  
Clin Microbiol Infect ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Us ◽  
Urinary Isolates

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are frequently defined using the criteria established by Magiorakos et al [Clin Microbiol Infect 2012;18:268–81]. Difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) [Kadri et al, Clin Infect Dis 2018;67:1803–14] is a novel approach to defining resistance in gram-negative bacilli focusing on treatment-limiting resistance to first-line agents (all β-lactams and fluoroquinolones). Methods Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute–defined broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for imipenem/relebactam, ceftolozane/tazobactam, and comparators against respiratory, intraabdominal, and urinary isolates of Enterobacterales (n = 10 516) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 2732) collected in 26 US hospitals in 2015–2017. Results Among all Enterobacterales, 1.0% of isolates were DTR and 15.6% were MDR; 8.4% of P. aeruginosa isolates were DTR and 32.4% were MDR. MDR rates for Enterobacterales and DTR and MDR rates for P. aeruginosa were significantly higher (P < .05) in isolates collected in intensive care units (ICUs) than in non-ICUs and in respiratory tract isolates than in intraabdominal or urinary tract isolates. In addition, 82.4% of DTR and 92.1% of MDR Enterobacterales and 62.2% of DTR and 82.2% of MDR P. aeruginosa were imipenem/relebactam-susceptible, and 1.5% of DTR and 65.8% of MDR Enterobacterales and 67.5% of DTR and 84.0% of MDR P. aeruginosa were ceftolozane/tazobactam-susceptible. Conclusions MDR phenotypes defined using the Magiorakos criteria may overcall treatment-limiting resistance in gram-negative bacilli. In the US, DTR Enterobacterales were infrequent, while MDR Enterobacterales isolates and DTR and MDR P. aeruginosa were common. Imipenem/relebactam (Enterobacterales, P. aeruginosa) and ceftolozane/tazobactam (P. aeruginosa) retained in vitro activity against most DTR and MDR isolates.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam vs Nonfermenting, Gram-Negative Cystic Fibrosis Isolates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne B Forrester ◽  
Lisa L Steed ◽  
Barbara A Santevecchi ◽  
Patrick Flume ◽  
Gloria E Palmer-Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) was tested and compared against 93 nonfermenting, Gram-negative clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis specimens. Based on current breakpoints for intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections (which may not be appropriate for pulmonary infections), C/T was found to be the most active agent against P. aeruginosa (95.7% susceptible), followed by piperacillin/tazobactam (89.4% susceptible). For other Gram-negative pathogens included, C/T had varying activity.

scholarly journals 1375. In vitro Activity of Cefiderocol and Comparator Agents against Gram-Negative Isolates from Cancer Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S421-S422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth V I Rolston ◽  
Bahgat Gerges ◽  
Issam Raad ◽  
Samuel L Aitken ◽  
Ruth Reitzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) are now the predominant cause of bacterial infection in cancer patients (CP). Many GNB are problematic because they have become resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Cefiderocol (CFDC), a novel siderophore cephalosporin, is active against a wide spectrum of GNB. We evaluated its in vitro activity and that of eleven comparator agents against GNB isolated from CP. Methods A total of 341 recent GNB blood isolates from CP were tested using CLSI approved methods for MIC determination by broth microdilution. Comparator agents were amikacin (A), aztreonam (AZ), ceftazidime (CZ), ceftazidime/avibactam (CAV), cefepime (CEF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), colistin (CL), meropenem (MR), ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), tigecycline (TG), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (T/S). Results CFDC MIC90s as mg/L were: S. maltophilia [50 isolates] 0.25, E. coli (ESBL−) [50 isolates] 0.5, E. coli (ESBL+) [51 isolates] 2.0, K. pneumoniae (ESBL− and +) [60 isolates] 0.5; K. pneumoniae (CRE) [22 isolates] 2.0; P. aeruginosa (MDR) [32 isolates] 1.0; E. cloacae [27 isolates] 4.0; Achromobacter spp. [15 isolates] 0.12. CFDC inhibited P. agglomerans, Burkholderia spp., Sphingomonas spp., Ochrobactrum spp. at ≤1 mg/L [23 total isolates] and Elizabethkingia spp. and R. radiobacter at ≤8 mg/L [11 total isolates]. Among comparator agents, only T/S had consistent activity against S. maltophilia. For E. coli (ESBL− and +) MR, TG, CAV, CL were most active. For K. pneumoniae (ESBL–and +) MR, CAV were most active. For K. pneumoniae (CRE) and P. aeruginosa (MDR), none of the comparators had significant activity. For E. cloacae, MR, A, CAV, TG were most active. Among the uncommon organisms, MR and TG had the greatest activity. Conclusion Although susceptibility breakpoints have yet to be determined, CFDC has significant activity (≤4 mg/L) against most problematic Gram-negative organisms causing infections in CP based on available pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data. In particular, its activity against S. maltophilia was superior to the comparators. Also, it was the most active agent against P. aeruginosa (MDR) and K. pneumoniae (CRE). Based on our results, CFDC warrants clinical evaluation for the treatment of blood stream infections caused by GNB in CP. Disclosures K. V. I. Rolston, Merck: Investigator, Research grant; JMI Laboratories: Investigator, Research grant; Shionogi (Japan): Investigator, Research grant. B. Gerges, Shionogi: Collaborator, Research support. S. L. Aitken, Shionogi: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Merck: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Medicines Co: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Achaogen: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; Zavante: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; R. Prince, Shionogi: Investigator, Research support. Merck: Investigator, Research support.

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