scholarly journals Surveillance of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Puerto Rican Medical Center Hospitals: Dissemination of KPC and IMP-18 β-Lactamases

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1660-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Wolter ◽  
Noha Khalaf ◽  
Iraida E. Robledo ◽  
Guillermo J. Vázquez ◽  
Maria I. Santé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Clonal Spread

ABSTRACT During a 6-month period, 37/513 (7.2%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates belonging to 13 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) groups from Puerto Rican hospitals were carbapenem nonsusceptible. Seven of 37 isolates from four PFGE groups carried bla IMP-18, and 25/37 isolates from seven PFGE groups carried bla KPC. The results indicated the clonal spread of bla KPC-positive P. aeruginosa isolates into several Puerto Rican hospitals and the dissemination of bla IMP-18 and bla KPC into genetically unrelated isolates.

scholarly journals Carbapenem-Resistant KPC-2-Producing Escherichia coli in a Tel Aviv Medical Center, 2005 to 2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 2687-2691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moran G. Goren ◽  
Shiri Navon-Venezia ◽  
Inna Chmelnitsky ◽  
Yehuda Carmeli
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACT All of the carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) isolates identified in our hospital from 2005 to 2008 (n = 10) were studied. CREC isolates were multidrug resistant, all carried bla KPC-2, and six of them were also extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis indicated six genetic clones; within the same clone, similar transferable bla KPC-2-containing plasmids were found whereas plasmids differed between clones. Tn4401 elements were identified in all of these plasmids.

scholarly journals β-Lactam Resistance in Haemophilus parasuis Is Mediated by Plasmid pB1000 Bearing blaROB-1

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 2260-2264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro San Millan ◽  
Jose Antonio Escudero ◽  
Ana Catalan ◽  
Silvia Nieto ◽  
Fidel Farelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Haemophilus Parasuis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clonal Spread ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT β-Lactam resistance in Haemophilus parasuis is an emerging phenomenon that has not yet been characterized from a molecular perspective. Clinical high-level β-lactam-resistant isolates from Spain bore a novel plasmid, pB1000, expressing a functionally active ROB-1 β-lactamase. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was applied for the first time to H. parasuis and showed that β-lactam resistance is due to clonal spread of a resistant strain, BB1018, bearing pB1000.

scholarly journals Nosocomial Spread of Colistin-Only-Sensitive Sequence Type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Producing the Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases GES-1 and GES-5 in Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 4930-4933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Viedma ◽  
Carlos Juan ◽  
Joshi Acosta ◽  
Laura Zamorano ◽  
Joaquín R. Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Spanish Hospital

ABSTRACT The mechanisms responsible for the increasing prevalence of colistin-only-sensitive (COS) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in a Spanish hospital were investigated. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that 24 (50%) of the studied isolates belonged to the same clone, identified as the internationally spread sequence type 235 (ST235) through multilocus sequence typing. In addition to several mutational resistance mechanisms, an integron containing seven resistance determinants was detected. Remarkably, the extended-spectrum β-lactamase GES-1 and its Gly170Ser carbapenem-hydrolyzing derivative GES-5 were first documented to be encoded in a single integron. This work is the first to describe GES enzymes in Spain and adds them to the growing list of β-lactamases of concern (PER, VIM, and OXA) detected in ST235 clone isolates.

scholarly journals Metallo-β-Lactamases in ClinicalPseudomonas Isolates in Taiwan and Identification of VIM-3, a Novel Variant of the VIM-2 Enzyme

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2224-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Jou Yan ◽  
Po-Ren Hsueh ◽  
Wen-Chien Ko ◽  
Kwen-Tay Luh ◽  
Shu-Huei Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACT A total of 209 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas (193Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 10 P. putida, 4P. stutzeri, and 2 P. fluorescensisolates) with reduced susceptibilities to imipenem and/or ceftazidime were subjected to PCR assays with primers specific forbla IMP-1, bla IMP-2,bla VIM-1, and bla VIM-2and sequence analysis to identify the metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) prevalent among these organisms in Taiwan; and 21 isolates gave positive results. Five isolates including two P. putida and three P. stutzeri isolates were found to carrybla IMP-1, and six isolates including fiveP. putida and one P. stutzeri isolates harboredbla VIM-2. The remaining 10 isolates wereP. aeruginosa, and all were found to carry a novel variant of bla VIM-2, designatedbla VIM-3. There are only two nucleotide differences between bla VIM-2 andbla VIM-3, leading to two amino acid alterations. Our findings indicate that VIM-2 and its variant have become the most prevalent metalloenzymes in Pseudomonas in Taiwan. Southern hybridization with thebla VIM-2-, bla VIM-3-, and bla IMP-1 -specific probes revealed that only two VIM-2-producing P. putida isolates appeared to carry the MBL gene on plasmids. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that six VIM-3-producing P. aeruginosa isolates and two IMP-1-producing P. stutzeri isolates were genetically related, suggesting that the spread of these MBL genes in Taiwan could be due to clonal dissemination as well as genetic exchange between different clones.

scholarly journals Characterization of Non-Type B Haemophilus influenzae Strains Isolated from Patients with Invasive Disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 4649-4652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cerquetti ◽  
Marta Luisa Ciofi degli Atti ◽  
Giovanna Renna ◽  
Alberto Eugenio Tozzi ◽  
Maria Laura Garlaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Type B ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clonal Spread

Forty-one non-type b Haemophilus influenzae isolates from cases of invasive disease were characterized. By PCR capsular genotyping, 33 nonencapsulated strains, 4 type f isolates, and 4 b− strains were identified. By pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, the nonencapsulated isolates exhibited great genetic heterogenicity, whereas the type f and the b− strains seemed to have a clonal spread. Occurrence of the hifA gene was found by PCR in 18% of the nonencapsulated, 50% of the b−, and all of the type f strains. Hemagglutinating fimbriae were generally expressed by nonencapsulated isolates when fimbrial gene hifA was present. Two nonencapsulated isolates not susceptible to ampicillin were detected; no strains were positive for β-lactamase production.

The Predominance of Strain Replacement Among Enterobacteriaceae Pairs With Emerging Carbapenem Resistance During Hospitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S215-S219
Author(s):  
Baixing Ding ◽  
Zhen Shen ◽  
Xiaohua Qin ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Xiaogang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae collected from the same patient can lose carbapenem susceptibility during antimicrobial therapy, but little attention has been given to how this conversion takes place. In the current study, we retrospectively analyzed microbiological and clinical data from patients with enterobacterial infections at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. After screening 4795 patients and 7120 Enterobacteriaceae isolates over the 3-year study period, we found the change from carbapenem susceptible to carbapenem resistant in 41 pairs of isolates, of which 35 pairs (85.4%) were K. pneumoniae and 25 (61.0%) were from the same anatomic sites. Thirty-six isolate pairs showed different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns between the carbapenem-susceptible and the corresponding resistant strain, and 5 pairs displayed identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Thirty-three (91.7%) of the 36 pairs of Enterobacteriaceae isolates were carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae with blaKPC-2, and 28 pairs (90.3%) of K. pneumoniae isolates had different sequence types (STs), with ST11 the most common ST found in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates. Forty of the 41 patients had received antimicrobial therapy such as carbapenems, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones, before the isolation of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. These results demonstrated that strain replacement is the main cause of emerging carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae during hospitalization. The loss of carbapenem susceptibility was not mainly due to in vivo development of carbapenem resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document