scholarly journals Loss of Gibberellin Production in Fusarium verticillioides (Gibberella fujikuroi MP-A) Is Due to a Deletion in the Gibberellic Acid Gene Cluster

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (24) ◽  
pp. 7790-7801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Bömke ◽  
Maria C. Rojas ◽  
Peter Hedden ◽  
Bettina Tudzynski
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene Cluster ◽  
Gibberellin Production

ABSTRACT Fusarium verticillioides (Gibberella fujikuroi mating population A [MP-A]) is a widespread pathogen on maize and is well-known for producing fumonisins, mycotoxins that cause severe disease in animals and humans. The species is a member of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex, which consists of at least 11 different biological species, termed MP-A to -K. All members of this species complex are known to produce a variety of secondary metabolites. The production of gibberellins (GAs), a group of diterpenoid plant hormones, is mainly restricted to Fusarium fujikuroi (G. fujikuroi MP-C) and Fusarium konzum (MP-I), although most members of the G. fujikuroi species complex contain the GA biosynthesis gene cluster or parts of it. In this work, we show that the inability to produce GAs in F. verticillioides (MP-A) is due to the loss of a majority of the GA gene cluster as found in F. fujikuroi. The remaining part of the cluster consists of the full-length F. verticillioides des gene (Fvdes), encoding the GA4 desaturase, and the coding region of FvP450-4, encoding the ent-kaurene oxidase. Both genes share a high degree of sequence identity with the corresponding genes of F. fujikuroi. The GA production capacity of F. verticillioides was restored by transforming a cosmid with the entire GA gene cluster from F. fujikuroi, indicating the existence of an active regulation system in F. verticillioides. Furthermore, the GA4 desaturase gene des from F. verticillioides encodes an active enzyme which was able to restore the GA production in a corresponding des deletion mutant of F. fujikuroi.

scholarly journals Restoration of Gibberellin Production in Fusarium proliferatum by Functional Complementation of Enzymatic Blocks

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 6014-6025 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Malonek ◽  
M. C. Rojas ◽  
P. Hedden ◽  
P. Hopkins ◽  
B. Tudzynski
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Gibberellin Production ◽  
Ga Biosynthesis

ABSTRACT Nine biological species, or mating populations (MPs), denoted by letters A to I, and at least 29 anamorphic Fusarium species have been identified within the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex. Members of this species complex are the only species of the genus Fusarium that contain the gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic gene cluster or at least parts of it. However, the ability of fusaria to produce GAs is so far restricted to Fusarium fujikuroi, although at least six other MPs contain all the genes of the GA biosynthetic gene cluster. Members of Fusarium proliferatum, the closest related species, have lost the ability to produce GAs as a result of the accumulation of several mutations in the coding and 5′ noncoding regions of genes P450-4 and P450-1, both encoding cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, resulting in metabolic blocks at the early stages of GA biosynthesis. In this study, we have determined additional enzymatic blocks at the first specific steps in the GA biosynthesis pathway of F. proliferatum: the synthesis of geranylgeranyl diphosphate and the synthesis of ent-kaurene. Complementation of these enzymatic blocks by transferring the corresponding genes from GA-producing F. fujikuroi to F. proliferatum resulted in the restoration of GA production. We discuss the reasons for Fusarium species outside the G. fujikuroi species complex having no GA biosynthetic genes, whereas species distantly related to Fusarium, e.g., Sphaceloma spp. and Phaeosphaeria spp., produce GAs.

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of Two Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Genes, P450-1 and P450-4, of the Gibberellic Acid Gene Cluster in Fusarium proliferatum (Gibberella fujikuroi MP-D)

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1462-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Malonek ◽  
M. C. Rojas ◽  
P. Hedden ◽  
P. Gaskin ◽  
P. Hopkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Oxidase Gene

ABSTRACT Gibberella fujikuroi is a species complex with at least nine different biological species, termed mating populations (MPs) A to I (MP-A to MP-I), known to produce many different secondary metabolites. So far, gibberellin (GA) production is restricted to Fusarium fujikuroi (G. fujikuroi MP-C), although at least five other MPs contain all biosynthetic genes. Here, we analyze the GA gene cluster and GA pathway in the closest related species, Fusarium proliferatum (MP-D), and demonstrate that the GA genes share a high degree of sequence homology with the corresponding genes of MP-C. The GA production capacity was restored after integration of the entire GA gene cluster from MP-C, indicating the existence of an active regulation system in F. proliferatum. The results further indicate that one reason for the loss of GA production is the accumulation of several mutations in the coding and 5′ noncoding regions of the ent-kaurene oxidase gene, P450-4.

scholarly journals Regulation of Carotenogenesis and Secondary Metabolism by Nitrogen in Wild-Type Fusarium fujikuroi and Carotenoid-Overproducing Mutants

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Rodríguez-Ortiz ◽  
M. Carmen Limón ◽  
Javier Avalos
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Nitrogen Starvation ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Gibberellin Production ◽  
In The Wild

ABSTRACT The fungus Fusarium fujikuroi (Gibberella fujikuroi MP-C) produces metabolites of biotechnological interest, such as gibberellins, bikaverins, and carotenoids. Gibberellin and bikaverin productions are induced upon nitrogen exhaustion, while carotenoid accumulation is stimulated by light. We evaluated the effect of nitrogen availability on carotenogenesis in comparison with bikaverin and gibberellin production in the wild type and in carotenoid-overproducing mutants (carS). Nitrogen starvation increased carotenoid accumulation in all strains tested. In carS strains, gibberellin and bikaverin biosynthesis patterns differed from those of the wild type and paralleled the expression of key genes for both pathways, coding for geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) and kaurene synthases for the former and a polyketide synthase for the latter. These results suggest regulatory connections between carotenoid biosynthesis and nitrogen-controlled biosynthetic pathways in this fungus. Expression of gene ggs1, which encodes a second GGPP synthase, was also derepressed in the carS mutants, suggesting the participation of Ggs1 in carotenoid biosynthesis. The carS mutations did not affect genes for earlier steps of the terpenoid pathway, such as fppS or hmgR. Light induced carotenoid biosynthesis in the wild type and carRA and carB levels in the wild-type and carS strains irrespective of nitrogen availability.

Distribution of gibberellin biosynthetic genes and gibberellin production in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex

2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1296-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Malonek ◽  
Christiane Bömke ◽  
Erich Bornberg-Bauer ◽  
María C. Rojas ◽  
Peter Hedden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Gibberellin Production ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex

A carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster in Fusarium fujikuroi: the genes carB and carRA

2002 ◽  
Vol 267 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Linnemannstöns ◽  
M. Prado ◽  
R. Fernández-Martín ◽  
B. Tudzynski ◽  
J. Avalos
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene Cluster ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene

scholarly journals PCR-Based Identification of MAT-1 andMAT-2 in the Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 4378-4382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma T. Steenkamp ◽  
Brenda D. Wingfield ◽  
Teresa A. Coutinho ◽  
Kurt A. Zeller ◽  
Michael J. Wingfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Individual Mating ◽  
Sexual Cross ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex

ABSTRACT All sexually fertile strains in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex are heterothallic, with individual mating types conferred by the broadly conserved ascomycete idiomorphsMAT-1 and MAT-2. We sequenced both alleles from all eight mating populations, developed a multiplex PCR technique to distinguish these idiomorphs, and tested it with representative strains from all eight biological species and 22 additional species or phylogenetic lineages from this species complex. In most cases, either an ∼800-bp fragment from MAT-2 or an ∼200-bp fragment from MAT-1 is amplified. The amplified fragments cosegregate with mating type, as defined by sexual cross-fertility, in a cross of Fusarium moniliforme (Fusarium verticillioides). Neither of the primer pairs amplify fragments from Fusarium species such as Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium pseudograminearum, andFusarium culmorum, which have, or are expected to have,Gibberella sexual stages but are thought to be relatively distant from the species in the G. fujikuroi species complex. Our results suggest that MAT allele sequences are useful indicators of phylogenetic relatedness in these and otherFusarium species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document