scholarly journals Bright Greenish-Yellow Fluorescence and Aflatoxin in Agricultural Commodities

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bothast ◽  
C. W. Hesseltine
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Greenish Yellow

Structural Aspects of the Walls of Cateye Cotton

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines V. Degruy ◽  
Jarrell H. Carra
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Cotton Seeds ◽  
Structural Aspects

Aspergillus flavus boll infection is revealed in a bright, greenish-yellow fluorescence of cotton seeds. The lint on these seeds has been studied microscopically to determine the characteristic properties of the infected fibers. Photomicrographs andelectron micrographs show the extent of wall damage caused by the A. flavus fungus. Cross sections examined in the light microscope revealed a “doughnut” fiber shape, unlike the usual kidney-bean shape of normal cotton. A possible mechanism for this phenomenon is suggested.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the MI82 Corn Line as a Source of Resistance to Aflatoxin in Grain and Use of BGYF as a Selection Tool

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Maupin ◽  
M. J. Clements ◽  
D. G. White
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Aflatoxin Concentration ◽  
Aflatoxin Accumulation ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Aspergillus Ear Rot

Our objectives were to determine if the corn (Zea mays) inbred MI82 has alleles for resistance to Aspergillus ear rot (caused by Aspergillus flavus) and aflatoxin accumulation in grain that can be transferred to commercially used inbreds, and to determine the types and magnitudes of gene action, heritabilities, and gain from selection for low levels of bright greenish-yellow fluorescence (BGYF), aflatoxin, and ear rot with MI82. Also, we hoped to determine if selection against BGYF would substantially reduce the concentration of aflatoxin in grain. Primary ears and ground grain from inbred MI82 (P1), the susceptible inbred B73 (P2), and the F1, F2, F3, BCP1S1, and BCP2S1 generations developed from these inbreds were evaluated for BGYF, concentration of aflatoxin in grain, and severity of Aspergillus ear rot in 2000 and 2001. Dominance was the most important gene action associated with low levels of BGYF and a low concentration of aflatoxin in grain. Heritabilities for low levels of BGYF (83.5%), aflatoxin (74.1%), and ear rot (62.8%) were high. Correlation coefficients between aflatoxin and BGYF were high in both years (r = 0.75 and 0.79 for 2000 and 2001, respectively). Unlike aflatoxin, BGYF was not affected by the year in which plants were grown. Selection for low levels of BGYF prior to selection based on aflatoxin concentration is as effective as selection for either factor alone. MI82 has value in programs designed to improve the resistance of commercially used corn inbreds.

scholarly journals Comparison of thin-layer chromatography, spectrofluorimetry and bright greenish-yellow fluorescence test for aflatoxin detection in corn

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono ◽  
Marcelo da Silva ◽  
Ricardo Marcelo Reche Ribeiro ◽  
Mario Augusto Ono ◽  
Luciana Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Fluorescence Test ◽  
Layer Chromatography

In this study the bright greenish-yellow fluorescence test, widely used by the corn milling industry, was compared to the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrofluorimetry methods for aflatoxin detection in 40 corn samples naturally contaminated by the Aspergillus section Flavi. According to the corn processing industry criteria, all the samples were adequate for human and animal consumption by the bright greenish-yellow fluorescence test, but TLC and spectrofluorimetry analysis detected aflatoxins above the maximum tolerated limit (20 µg/kg) in 7 and 8 samples, respectively. Aflatoxins were detected in 16 (40%) corn samples by TLC, with levels ranging from 4.0 to 54.0 µg/kg (mean 19.97 ± 15.97 µg/kg), and in 25 (62.5%) samples by spectrofluorimetry, with levels ranging from 1.0 to 58.66 µg/kg (mean 17.14 ± 17.81 µg/kg). The results indicated a good correlation (ρ = 0.97) between TLC and spectrofluorimetry for aflatoxin determination in naturally contaminated corn. The bright greenish-yellow fluorescence test was simple and quick, but it showed 20% false-negative results, suggesting its use only as screening method for detecting the suspected lots of grains that should be tested further for aflatoxin by more sensitive methods.

Hyperspectral bright greenish-yellow fluorescence (BGYF) imaging of aflatoxin contaminated corn kernels

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Yao ◽  
Zuzana Hruska ◽  
Robert L. Brown ◽  
Thomas E. Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Corn Kernels

scholarly journals Production of Bright Greenish Yellow Fluorescence in Figs Infected by Aspergillus Species in California Orchards

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Doster ◽  
Themis J. Michailides
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Yellow Fluorescence ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aspergillus Section

The relationship of bright greenish yellow fluorescence (BGYF) of dried figs under longwave UV light to colonization by Aspergillus fungi was determined. BGYF in naturally infected figs was associated with decay by only four fungal species: the aflatoxin-producing species Aspergillus flavus (both L and S strains) and A. parasiticus, and the aflatoxin nonproducers A. tamarii and A. alliaceus. BGYF was more likely to be visible internally (after cutting open the fig) than externally. For all four species associated with BGYF, some infected figs did not show BGYF. The absence of fluorescence is probably not associated with the fungal strain or isolate involved, since isolating Aspergillus spp. from nonfluorescent figs followed by inoculating other figs with these isolates resulted in BGYF. Many of the nonfluorescent figs had small fungal colonies (<7 mm in diameter), even though some figs with large colonies were also nonfluorescent. The additional colonization of figs by other fungi did not affect the occurrence of BGYF in figs colonized by fungi in Aspergillus section Flavi. Figs infected with A. flavus or A. parasiticus and showing no BGYF were occasionally contaminated with aflatoxin, while other figs showing BGYF and infected with A. flavus or A. tamarii had no aflatoxins. Although not as promising as originally hoped, BGYF might be of use to remove aflatoxin-contaminated figs for certain specific situations in California.

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