scholarly journals Intranasal Immunization with Gal-Inhibitable Lectin plus an Adjuvant of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Protects against Entamoeba histolytica Challenge

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 4917-4922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine P. A. Ivory ◽  
Kris Chadee
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Mucosal Vaccine ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Cpg Odn ◽  
Mucosal Vaccination ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cpg Oligodeoxynucleotides ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

ABSTRACT The development of an effective amebiasis vaccine could improve child health in the developing world, reducing cases of amebic colitis and liver abscess. An ideal vaccine would be comprised of a well-characterized parasite antigen and an adjuvant, which would have high potency while driving the immune response in a Th1 direction. This study describes a mucosal vaccine composed of the Entamoeba histolytica galactose/N-acetyl-d-galactosamine-inhibitable lectin (Gal-lectin) and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN). The Gal-lectin is a protein involved in parasite virulence and adherence and is known to activate immune cells, while CpG-ODN are known to be potent inducers of type 1-like immune responses. We demonstrated that intranasal administration of the vaccine resulted in strong Gal-lectin-specific Th1 responses and humoral responses. Vaccination induced the production of Gal-lectin-specific T cells and the production of the proinflammatory cytokine gamma interferon. Vaccinated animals had detectable serum anti-Gal-lectin immunoglobulin G (IgG) and stool anti-Gal-lectin IgA capable of blocking parasite adherence to target cells in vitro. One week after immunization, gerbils were challenged intrahepatically with live trophozoites. Vaccinated gerbils had no detectable abscesses after day 5, whereas control gerbils developed larger abscesses. These results show that mucosal vaccination with Gal-lectin and CpG-ODN can induce both systemic and humoral immune responses.

scholarly journals REGULATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

1973 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hoffmann ◽  
John W. Kappler
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Antigen Recognition ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Antibody Specificity ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

The specificity of antigen recognition by thymus-derived helper cells (T cells) and antibody was examined in mice, heterologous erythrocyte antigens from sheep (SRBC), goat (GRBC), burro (BRBC), chicken (CRBC), and toad (TRBC) being used. Antibody specificity was tested by a number of functional assays: hemagglutination, hemolysis, and immune suppression. The specificity of T cells was determined by titrating their ability to help the in vitro antitrinitrophenol (TNP) responses of mouse spleen cultures immunized with the hapten coupled to the various test erythrocytes as carrier. Anti-SRBC antibody cross-reacted with GRBC, but not with BRBC, CRBC, or TRBC. In contrast, SRBC-primed helper T cells cross-reacted with both GRBC and BRBC, but not with CRBC or TRBC, indicating a difference in the specificity of antigen recognition between the cellular and the humoral immune responses.

Liposomal and CpG-ODN formulation elicits strong humoral immune responses to recombinant Staphylococcus aureus antigens in heifer calves

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Gabriela Reidel ◽  
Cecilia Camussone ◽  
Guillermo A. Suarez Archilla ◽  
Luis Fernando Calvinho ◽  
Carolina Veaute
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cpg Odn ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

Chondroitin sulfate activates B cells in vitro, expands CD138+cells in vivo, and interferes with established humoral immune responses

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilke Brühl ◽  
Josef Cihak ◽  
Nicole Goebel ◽  
Yvonne Talke ◽  
Kerstin Renner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

Leukemia Specific Humoral Immune Responses in Immunotherapy with Leukemia Cell-Derived HSP70 in Mice.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 5192-5192
Author(s):  
Junko Jimbo ◽  
Kazuya Sato ◽  
Takaaki Hosoki ◽  
Motohiro Shindo ◽  
Katsuya Ikuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Mice Liver ◽  
Igg Level

Abstract Background: Tumor-derived heat shock proteins (HSPs), which bind the tumor specific antigenic peptides and carry them onto MHC molecules, are used for the vaccination against cancers. We previously reported that immunotherapy using leukemia cell-derived HSPs against minimal residual leukemia in mice prolonged survival by leukemia-specific CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocyte induction. In addition, we showed that CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cell is indispensable for survival prolongation (Sato et al. Blood, 2001), which suggests that humoral immune response by CD4+ T cell is also important to eradicate leukemia cells. Contributions of humoral immune responses in anti-leukemia immunity induced by HSP-based immunotherapy remain unknown and are important information to induce effective anti-leukemia immunity. In this study, we investigated the humoral immune responses and cytotoxic activities against leukemia cells in the leukemia cell-derived HSP70 immunization mice model in vitro. Methods: Balb/c mice and syngeneic A20 B-cell leukemia cell line were used in this study. HSP70 was purified from A20 cells or healthy mice liver tissue. After subcutaneous administration of A20-derived HSP70 (A20-HSP), liver-derived HSP70 (liver-HSP) to the healthy mice, the sera were harvested to perform following experiments. To detect anti-A20 antibodies, mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of A20 cells with mice sera and FITC-conjugated anti-mouse-IgG was analyzed by flowcytometry. The sera were subjected to ELISA to detect the specific IgG against A20-HSP, or IgG secreted by A20 cells (A20 Ig) as putative A20-specific antigen. Complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activities were determined by trypan blue uptake of mouse target cells (A20, YAC1: lymphoma, or T27A: myeloid leukemia) after incubation with mice sera and rabbit complement. Results: MIF of A20 with the sera from A20-HSP immunized mice (A20-HSP mice) was significantly higher than that from liver-HSP immunized mice (liver-HSP mice). IgG level against A20-HSP by ELISA was significantly increased in the A20-HSP mice compared with liver-HSP mice. The reactivities of A20-HSP mice sera against A20-HSP were completely lost by ATP treatment, which treatment dissociates the antigenic peptide from A20-HSP. In addition, IgG level against A20 Ig in the A20-HSP mice was significantly higher than that in the liver-HSP mice, and this reactivity against A20 Ig were inhibited by preincubation of sera with A20 Ig-idiotipe-derived peptide (A20 IP) DYWGQGTEL, which is known as the A20-specific peptide. The sera from A20-HSP mice showed no cytotoxic activity itself but showed significantly high CDC activity with complement against A20 but not to YAC-1 or T27A in vitro. Conclusions: Immunization with leukemia cell-derived HSP70 induces the leukemia specific antibodies against peptides bound with leukemia cell-derived HSP70, including an idiotipic peptide of IgG secreted by leukemia cells. In addition, CDC by these leukemia specific antibodies is though to be one of the mechanisms of anti-leukemia immunity induced by leukemia cell-derived HSP70 immunization. These findings enable the effective monitoring of therapeutic effects on the HSP-based immunotherapy for patients with leukemia by using the leukemia specific antibodies, and might develop a new strategy to enhance the leukemia specific CDC activities induced by HSP70-immunization.

scholarly journals Augmentation of in vitro humoral immune responses in the mouse by an antibody to IgD.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
F D Finkelham ◽  
V L Woods ◽  
S B Wilburn ◽  
J J Mond ◽  
K E Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Adjuvant Effect ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Almost All ◽  
T Cell Help

Heterologous anti-delta-chain antibodies have an adjuvant effect on specific in vivo humoral immune responses to simultaneously, or subsequently, injected antigens in the rat and rhesus monkey. We have used a hybridoma-secreted antibody that binds murine delta-chain of the allotype (4.22aM delta a) to study this phenomenon in the mouse and to investigate the mechanism of this effect. Injection of 4.22aM delta a into BALB/c mice removes almost all surface IgD (sIgD) from splenic B lymphocites. sIgD does not reappear until the serum level of 4.22aM delta a decreased 5-7 d after injection. 4.22aM delta a fails to induce detectable proliferation or to raise total serum Ig levels substantially above control values. However, 4.22aM dalta a injected 24 h before antigen elicits an approximately twofold enhancement of serum IgM and a 3- to 10-fold enhancement of serum IgG anti-trintriphenyl (TNP) antibodies in response to immunization with optimal doses of TNP-Ficoll or TNP-sheep red blood cells (TNP-SRBC). 4.22aM delta a injected 1 wk before or 3 d after TNP-SRBC, however, has no effect on IgG anti-TNP levels. The adjuvant effect of anti-delta-chain antibody was markedly decreased when suboptimal antigen doses were used. Furthermore, even in the case of TNP-Ficoll, a relatively T-independent antigen, the ability of 4.22aM dalta a to enhance the anti-TNP antibody response was T cell dependent. Our data suggest that the binding of anti-delta-chain antibody to cell sIgD may partially activate B lymphocytes and make them more capable of differentiating into antibody-secreting cells when stimulated by antigen-specific T cell help.

scholarly journals Monophosphoryl-Lipid A (MPLA) is an Efficacious Adjuvant for Inactivated Rabies Vaccines

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Chengguang Zhang ◽  
Ruiming Li ◽  
Zongmei Wang ◽  
Yueming Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Monophosphoryl Lipid A ◽  
Monophosphoryl Lipid

Rabies, as one of the most threatening zoonoses in the world, causes a fatal central nervous system (CNS) disease. So far, vaccination with rabies vaccines has been the most effective measure to prevent and control this disease. At present, inactivated rabies vaccines are widely used in humans and domestic animals. However, humoral immune responses induced by inactivated rabies vaccines are relatively low and multiple shots are required to achieve protective immunity. Supplementation with an adjuvant is a practical way to improve the immunogenicity of inactivated rabies vaccines. In this study, we found that monophosphoryl-lipid A (MPLA), a well-known TLR4 agonist, could significantly promote the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) through a TLR4-dependent pathway in vitro and the maturation of conventional DCs (cDCs) in vivo. We also found that MPLA, serving as an adjuvant for inactivated rabies vaccines, could significantly facilitate the generation of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, germinal center (GC) B cells, and plasma cells (PCs), consequently enhancing the production of RABV-specific total-IgG, IgG2a, IgG2b, and the virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs). Furthermore, MPLA could increase the survival ratio of mice challenged with virulent RABV. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that MPLA serving as an adjuvant enhances the intensity of humoral immune responses by activating the cDC–Tfh–GC B axis. Our findings will contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of traditional rabies vaccines.

scholarly journals Impact of Malaria Preexposure on Antiparasite Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses after Controlled Human Malaria Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 2185-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Obiero ◽  
Seif Shekalaghe ◽  
Cornelus C. Hermsen ◽  
Maxmillian Mpina ◽  
Else M. Bijker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Intradermal Injection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Malaria ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Controlled Human Malaria Infection ◽  
Circulating Lymphocytes ◽  
Ifn Γ

To understand the effect of previous malaria exposure on antiparasite immune responses is important for developing successful immunization strategies. Controlled human malaria infections (CHMIs) using cryopreservedPlasmodium falciparumsporozoites provide a unique opportunity to study differences in acquisition or recall of antimalaria immune responses in individuals from different transmission settings and genetic backgrounds. In this study, we compared antiparasite humoral and cellular immune responses in two cohorts of malaria-naive Dutch volunteers and Tanzanians from an area of low malarial endemicity, who were subjected to the identical CHMI protocol by intradermal injection ofP. falciparumsporozoites. Samples from both trials were analyzed in parallel in a single center to ensure direct comparability of immunological outcomes. Within the Tanzanian cohort, we distinguished one group with moderate levels of preexisting antibodies to asexualP. falciparumlysate and another that, based onP. falciparumserology, resembled the malaria-naive Dutch cohort. PositiveP. falciparumserology at baseline was associated with a lower parasite density at first detection by quantitative PCR (qPCR) after CHMI than that for Tanzanian volunteers with negative serology. Post-CHMI, both Tanzanian groups showed a stronger increase in anti-P. falciparumantibody titers than Dutch volunteers, indicating similar levels of B-cell memory independent of serology. In contrast to the Dutch, Tanzanians failed to increaseP. falciparum-specificin vitrorecall gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production after CHMI, and innate IFN-γ responses were lower inP. falciparumlysate-seropositive individuals than in seronegative individuals. In conclusion, positiveP. falciparumlysate serology can be used to identify individuals with better parasite control but weaker IFN-γ responses in circulating lymphocytes, which may help to stratify volunteers in future CHMI trials in areas where malaria is endemic.

Induction of humoral immunity in response to immunization with recombinantMycobacterium bovisBCG expressing the S1 subunit ofBordetella pertussistoxin

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1015-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A Medeiros ◽  
Geraldo R.G Armôa ◽  
Odir A Dellagostin ◽  
Douglas McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Specific Igg

Two recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG (rBCG) vaccine strains were developed for the expression of cytoplasmically located S1 subunit of pertussis toxin, with expression driven by the hsp60 promoter of M. bovis (rBCG/pPB10) or the pAN promoter of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (rBCG/pPB12). Both strains showed stable expression of equivalent levels of recombinant S1 in vitro and induced long-term (up to 8 months) humoral immune responses in BALB/c mice, although these responses differed quantitatively and qualitatively. Specifically, rBCG/pPB12 induced markedly higher levels of IgG1 than did rBCG/pPB10, and mice immunized with the former strain developed specific long-term memory to S1, as indicated by the production of high levels of S1-specific IgG in response to a sublethal challenge with pertussis toxin 15 months after initial immunization. When considered in combination with previous studies, our data encourage further evaluation of rBCG as a potential means of developing a low-cost whooping cough vaccine based on defined antigens.Key words: recombinant BCG, humoral immune response, B. pertussis.

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