scholarly journals Differential Persistence among Genomovars of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex in a Murine Model of Pulmonary Infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 2715-2720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen K. Chu ◽  
Donald J. Davidson ◽  
T. Keith Halsey ◽  
Jacqueline W. Chung ◽  
David P. Speert
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Clinical Infection ◽  
Minimal Toxicity

ABSTRACT Cystic fibrosis patients infected with strains from different genomovars of the Burkholderia cepacia complex can experience diverse clinical outcomes. To identify genomovar-specific determinants that might be responsible for these differences, we developed a pulmonary model of infection in BALB/c mice. Mice were rendered leukopenic by administration of cyclophosphamide prior to intranasal challenge with 1.6 × 104 bacteria. Five of six genomovar II strains persisted at stable numbers in the lungs until day 16 with minimal toxicity, whereas zero of seven genomovar III strains persisted but resulted in variable toxicity. We have developed a chronic pulmonary model of B. cepacia infection which reveals differences among genomovars in terms of clinical infection outcome.

scholarly journals In VitroEfficacy of High-Dose Tobramycin against Burkholderia cepacia Complex and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 711-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anina Ratjen ◽  
Yvonne Yau ◽  
Jillian Wettlaufer ◽  
Larissa Matukas ◽  
James E. A. Zlosnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Planktonic Growth ◽  
Inhalation Devices

ABSTRACTBurkholderia cepaciacomplex andStenotrophomonas maltophiliainfections are associated with poor clinical outcomes in persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). The MIC50based on planktonic growth and the biofilm concentration at which 50% of the isolates tested are inhibited (BIC50) of tobramycin were measured for 180B. cepaciacomplex and 101S. maltophiliaCF isolates and were 100 μg/ml for both species. New inhalation devices that deliver high tobramycin levels to the lung may be able to exceed these MICs.

Clinical Outcomes Associated with Burkholderia cepacia Complex Infection in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1542-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjani Somayaji ◽  
Yvonne C. W. Yau ◽  
Elizabeth Tullis ◽  
John J. LiPuma ◽  
Felix Ratjen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex

Clonal diversity among Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates from cystic fibrosis patients in a reference unit

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 665-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Barrado ◽  
M. Teresa Martinez ◽  
Jennifer Villa ◽  
M. Ángeles Orellana ◽  
Esther Viedma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex

scholarly journals Epidemiology of cystic fibrosis respiratory pathogens isolated at a South African Hospital, 2006–2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Vindana Chibabhai ◽  
Warren Lowman
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
South African ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Population ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: The epidemiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) associated pathogens other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the South African cystic fibrosis population has not been previously described.Methods: A retrospective review of respiratory cultures taken from cystic fibrosis clinic patients at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital from 2006 to 2010 was performed.Results: During the study period, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia complex and Candida albicans prevalence remained stable, Aspergillus fumigatus increased from 8% to 20% (p = 0.0132); Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 66% to 50% (p = 0.0243) and Haemophilus influenzae decreased from 13% to 3% (p = 0.0136). There were significant antimicrobial susceptibility changes to meropenem (p  0.0001) amongst P. aeruginosa isolates and cloxacillin (p 0.0001) amongst S. aureus isolates. Prevalence of most bacterial pathogens appeared to increase with increasing age.Conclusion: The findings of this study illustrate the epidemiology of CF associated respiratory pathogens and the trends in prevalence and susceptibility patterns over a 5-year period.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of a Novel Glycopolymer against Biofilms of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Cystic Fibrosis Clinical Isolates

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya P. Narayanaswamy ◽  
Andrew P. Duncan ◽  
John J. LiPuma ◽  
William P. Wiesmann ◽  
Shenda M. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Burkholderia Cenocepacia ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Biofilm Removal ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACT Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are often associated with a steady decline in lung function and death. The formation of biofilms and inherent multidrug resistance are virulence factors associated with Bcc infection and contribute to increased risk of mortality in CF patients. New therapeutic strategies targeting bacterial biofilms are anticipated to enhance antibiotic penetration and facilitate resolution of infection. Poly (acetyl, arginyl) glucosamine (PAAG) is a cationic glycopolymer therapeutic being developed to directly target biofilm integrity. In this study, 13 isolates from 7 species were examined, including Burkholderia multivorans, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Burkholderia gladioli, Burkholderia dolosa, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, and B. cepacia. These isolates were selected for their resistance to standard clinical antibiotics and their ability to form biofilms in vitro. Biofilm biomass was quantitated using static tissue culture plate (TCP) biofilm methods and a minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assay. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) visualized biofilm removal by PAAG during treatment. Both TCP and MBEC methods demonstrated a significant dose-dependent relationship with regard to biofilm removal by 50 to 200 μg/ml PAAG following a 1-h treatment (P < 0.01). A significant reduction in biofilm thickness was observed following a 10-min treatment of Bcc biofilms with PAAG compared to that with vehicle control (P < 0.001) in TCP, MBEC, and CLSM analyses. PAAG also rapidly permeabilizes bacteria within the first 10 min of treatment. Glycopolymers, such as PAAG, are a new class of large-molecule therapeutics that support the treatment of recalcitrant Bcc biofilm.

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