scholarly journals Gene Cloning and Molecular Characterization of Lysine Decarboxylase from Selenomonas ruminantiumDelineate Its Evolutionary Relationship to Ornithine Decarboxylases from Eukaryotes

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (23) ◽  
pp. 6732-6741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Takatsuka ◽  
Yoshihiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Minenobu Ono ◽  
Yoshiyuki Kamio
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Lysine Decarboxylase ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Phosphate Binding ◽  
Link Type

ABSTRACT Lysine decarboxylase (LDC; EC 4.1.1.18 ) from Selenomonas ruminantium comprises two identical monomeric subunits of 43 kDa and has decarboxylating activities toward both l-lysine andl-ornithine with similar Km andVmax values (Y. Takatsuka, M. Onoda, T. Sugiyama, K. Muramoto, T. Tomita, and Y. Kamio, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 62:1063–1069, 1999). Here, the LDC-encoding gene (ldc) of this bacterium was cloned and characterized. DNA sequencing analysis revealed that the amino acid sequence of S. ruminantium LDC is 35% identical to those of eukaryotic ornithine decarboxylases (ODCs; EC 4.1.1.17 ), including the mouse,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Neurospora crassa,Trypanosoma brucei, and Caenorhabditis elegansenzymes. In addition, 26 amino acid residues, K69, D88, E94, D134, R154, K169, H197, D233, G235, G236, G237, F238, E274, G276, R277, Y278, K294, Y323, Y331, D332, C360, D361, D364, G387, Y389, and F397 (mouse ODC numbering), all of which are implicated in the formation of the pyridoxal phosphate-binding domain and the substrate-binding domain and in dimer stabilization with the eukaryotic ODCs, were also conserved inS. ruminantium LDC. Computer analysis of the putative secondary structure of S. ruminantium LDC showed that it is approximately 70% identical to that of mouse ODC. We identified five amino acid residues, A44, G45, V46, P54, and S322, within the LDC catalytic domain that confer decarboxylase activities toward bothl-lysine and l-ornithine with a substrate specificity ratio of 0.83 (defined as thek cat/Km ratio obtained with l-ornithine relative to that obtained withl-lysine). We have succeeded in converting S. ruminantium LDC to form with a substrate specificity ratio of 58 (70 times that of wild-type LDC) by constructing a mutant protein, A44V/G45T/V46P/P54D/S322A. In this study, we also showed that G350 is a crucial residue for stabilization of the dimer in S. ruminantium LDC.

Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Pyridoxal Phosphate- Dependent Acyltransferase of Exiguobacterium acetylicum

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 891-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayanan Rajendran ◽  
Colby Smith ◽  
Williard Mazhawidza
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Exiguobacterium Acetylicum ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The pyridoxal-5’-phosphate (PLP)-dependent family of enzymes is a very diverse group of proteins that metabolize small molecules like amino acids and sugars, and synthesize cofactors for other metabolic pathways through transamination, decarboxylation, racemization, and substitution reactions. In this study we employed degenerated primer-based PCR amplification, using genomic DNA isolated from the soil bacterium Exiguobacterium acetylicum strain SN as template. We revealed the presence of a PLP-dependent family of enzymes, such as PLP-dependent acyltransferase, and similarity to 8-amino-7-oxononoate synthase. Sequencing analysis and multiple alignment of the thymidine-adenine-cloned PCR amplicon revealed PLP-dependent family enzymes with specific confering codes and consensus amino acid residues specific to this group of functional proteins. Amino acid residues common to the majority of PLP-dependent enzymes were also revealed by the Lasergene MegAlign software. A phylogenetic tree was constructed. Its analysis revealed a close relationship of E. acetylicum to other bacteria isolated from extreme environments suggesting similarities in anabolic adaptability and evolutionary development.

scholarly journals Cell surface anchorage and ligand-binding domains of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell adhesion protein alpha-agglutinin, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily.

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2554-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Wojciechowicz ◽  
C F Lu ◽  
J Kurjan ◽  
P N Lipke
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Adhesion Proteins

alpha-Agglutinin is a cell adhesion glycoprotein expressed on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha cells. Binding of alpha-agglutinin to its ligand a-agglutinin, expressed by a cells, mediates cell-cell contact during mating. Analysis of truncations of the 650-amino-acid alpha-agglutinin structural gene AG alpha 1 delineated functional domains of alpha-agglutinin. Removal of the C-terminal hydrophobic sequence allowed efficient secretion of the protein and loss of cell surface attachment. This cell surface anchorage domain was necessary for linkage to a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchor. A construct expressing the N-terminal 350 amino acid residues retained full a-agglutinin-binding activity, localizing the binding domain to the N-terminal portion of alpha-agglutinin. A 278-residue N-terminal peptide was inactive; therefore, the binding domain includes residues between 278 and 350. The segment of alpha-agglutinin between amino acid residues 217 and 308 showed significant structural and sequence similarity to a consensus sequence for immunoglobulin superfamily variable-type domains. The similarity of the alpha-agglutinin-binding domain to mammalian cell adhesion proteins suggests that this structure is a highly conserved feature of adhesion proteins in diverse eukaryotes.

ReaxFF-based molecular dynamics simulation of the interaction between plasma ROS and the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein in the capsid protein of SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huichao Wang ◽  
Tong Zhao ◽  
Shuhui Yang ◽  
Liang Zou ◽  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Hydrogen Abstraction ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Global Epidemic

Abstract Under the severe situation of the current global epidemic, researchers have been working hard to find a reliable way to suppress the infection of the virus and prevent the spread of the epidemic. Studies have shown that the recognition and binding of human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) by the receptor-binding domain (BRD) of spike protein on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial step for SARS-CoV-2 to invade human receptor cells, and blocking this process can inhibit the virus from invading human normal cells. Plasma treatment can disrupt the structure of the RBD and effectively block the binding process. However, the mechanism by which plasma blocks the recognition and binding between the two is not clear. In this study, reaction process between reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plasma and the molecular model of RBD was simulated using a reactive molecular dynamics method. The results showed that the destruction of RBD molecule by ROS was triggered by hydrogen abstraction reactions. O and OH abstracted H atoms from RBD, while the H atoms of H2O2 and HO2 were abstracted by RBD. The hydrogen abstraction resulted in the breakage of C-H, N-H, O-H and C=O bonds and the formation of C=C, C=N bonds. The addition reaction of OH increased the number of O-H bonds and caused the formation of C-O, N-O and O-H bonds. The dissociation of N-H bonds led to the destruction of the original structure of peptide bonds and amino acid residues, change the type of amino acid residues, and caused the conversion of N-C and N=C, C=O and C-O. The simulation partially elucidated the microscopic mechanism of the interaction between ROS in plasma and the capsid protein of SARS-CoV-2, providing theoretical support for the control of SARS-CoV-2 infection by plasma, a contribution to overcoming the global epidemic problem.

Prediction of amino acid residues participated in substrate recognition by cytochrome P450 subfamilies with broad substrate specificity

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Zharkova ◽  
Boris N. Sobolev ◽  
Nina Yu. Oparina ◽  
Alexander V. Veselovsky ◽  
Alexander I. Archakov
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Substrate Recognition ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Broad Substrate Specificity

scholarly journals Filamin A-Bound PEBP2β/CBFβ Is Retained in the Cytoplasm and Prevented from Functioning as a Partner of the Runx1 Transcription Factor

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Yoshida ◽  
Takehiro Ogata ◽  
Kenji Tanabe ◽  
Songhua Li ◽  
Megumi Nakazato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Binding Domain ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Regulatory Domain ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Filamin A ◽  
Actin Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Subunit

ABSTRACT The heterodimeric transcription factor PEBP2/CBF is composed of a DNA-binding subunit, called Runx1, and a non-DNA-binding subunit, called PEBP2β/CBFβ. The Runx1 protein is detected exclusively in the nuclei of most cells and tissues, whereas PEBP2β is located in the cytoplasm. We addressed the mechanism by which PEBP2β localizes to the cytoplasm and found that it is associated with filamin A, an actin-binding protein. Filamin A retains PEBP2β in the cytoplasm, thereby hindering its engagement as a Runx1 partner. The interaction with filamin A is mediated by a region within PEBP2β that includes amino acid residues 68 to 93. The deletion of this region or the repression of filamin A enables PEBP2β to translocate to the nucleus. Based on these observations, we propose that PEBP2β has two distinct domains, a newly defined regulatory domain that interacts with filamin A and the previously identified Runx1-binding domain.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Residues Involved in the Substrate Specificity of TauT/SLC6A6 for Taurine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Yahara ◽  
Masanori Tachikawa ◽  
Shin-ichi Akanuma ◽  
Yoshiyuki Kubo ◽  
Ken-ichi Hosoya
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Residues
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