scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of Invasive Serotype 1 Pneumococcus in South Africa, 1989 to 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mignon du Plessis ◽  
Mushal Allam ◽  
Stefano Tempia ◽  
Nicole Wolter ◽  
Linda de Gouveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Single Locus Variant ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Sequence Types

Serotype 1 is an important cause of invasive pneumococcal disease in South Africa and has declined following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 2011. We genetically characterized 912 invasive serotype 1 isolates from 1989 to 2013. Simpson's diversity index (D) and recombination ratios were calculated. Factors associated with sequence types (STs) were assessed. Clonal complex 217 represented 96% (872/912) of the sampled isolates. Following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), ST diversity increased in children <5 years (D, 0.39 to 0.63,P= 0.002) and individuals >14 years (D, 0.35 to 0.54,P< 0.001): ST-217 declined proportionately in children <5 years (153/203 [75%] versus 21/37 [57%],P= 0.027) and individuals >14 years (242/305 [79%] versus 96/148 [65%],P= 0.001), whereas ST-9067 increased (4/684 [0.6%] versus 24/228 [11%],P< 0.001). Three subclades were identified within ST-217: ST-217C1(353/382 [92%]), ST-217C2(15/382 [4%]), and ST-217C3(14/382 [4%]). ST-217C2, ST-217C3, and single-locus variant (SLV) ST-8314 (20/912 [2%]) were associated with nonsusceptibility to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and co-trimoxazole. ST-8314 (20/912 [2%]) was also associated with increased nonsusceptibility to penicillin (P< 0.001). ST-217C3and newly reported ST-9067 had higher recombination ratios than those of ST-217C1(4.344 versus 0.091,P< 0.001; and 0.086 versus 0.013,P< 0.001, respectively). Increases in genetic diversity were noted post-PCV13, and lineages associated with antimicrobial nonsusceptibility were identified.

Increased incidence of serotype-1 invasive pneumococcal disease in young female adults in The Netherlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 1996-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. VAN MENS ◽  
A. M. M. VAN DEURSEN ◽  
S. C. A. MEIJVIS ◽  
B. J. M. VLAMINCKX ◽  
E. A. M. SANDERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Immunization Schedule ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Serotype 1

SUMMARYAnalysis of the Dutch national invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance data by sex reveals an increase in the incidence of serotype-1 disease in young female adults in The Netherlands after the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the national immunization schedule. This has led to an overall increase in IPD in women aged 20–45 years, which was not observed in men of the same age. No other differences in serotype shifts possibly induced by the introduction of PCV7 were observed between the sexes in this age group. Serotype 1 is a naturally fluctuating serotype in Europe and it has been associated with disease in young healthy adults before. It remains uncertain whether or not there is an association between the observed increase in serotype-1 disease in young female adults and the implementation of PCV7 in The Netherlands.

scholarly journals Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Neonates Prior to Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Use in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-430
Author(s):  
Krishnee Moodley ◽  
Yacoob Mahomed Coovadia ◽  
Cheryl Cohen ◽  
Susan Meiring ◽  
Sarona Lengana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease

scholarly journals Pneumococci causing invasive disease in children prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Scotland

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart C. Clarke ◽  
Johanna M. C. Jefferies ◽  
Andrew J. Smith ◽  
Jim McMenamin ◽  
Timothy J. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Immunization Schedule ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
Common Serotypes ◽  
Sequence Types

This study aimed to determine the serotypes and sequence types (STs) of pneumococci causing paediatric invasive disease in Scotland prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). All invasive pneumococci isolated between 2000 and 2004 from children aged less than 5 years in Scotland were used. The isolates were characterized by serotyping and multi-locus sequence typing. Two hundred and seventeen pneumococci were characterized into 22 different serogroups/types, the most common, in rank order, being 14, 19F, 6B, 18C, 23F, 9V, 4, 1, 19A and 6A. They were further genotyped into 77 different STs, the three most common being 9, 162 and 176. Common serotypes possessed multiple STs, but pneumococci of a particular clone were mostly associated with a particular serotype. The seven most common serotypes are included in the 7-valent polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Serotype coverage for PCV7 was 76.5 % in those aged less than 5 years but increased to 88.9 % for those aged 1 year. The introduction of PCV7 into the childhood immunization schedule would reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease in children, although continued surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease will be required before, during and after the introduction of PCVs.

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